Isaiah 21:1--23:18
message <04853> [The burden.]
The first ten verses of this chapter contain a prediction of the taking of Babylon by the Medes and Persians; which is here denominated "the desert of the sea," because the country around it, and especially towards the sea, was a great morass, often overflowed by the Tigris and Euphrates, and only rendered habitable by being drained by a number of canals.
Desert ................ desert <04057> [the desert.]
strong winds <05492> [As whirlwinds.]
Desert ................ desert ....... feared <04057 03372> [from.]
distressing <07186> [grievous. Heb. hard.]
deceiver deceives <0898> [the treacherous.]
Attack <05927> [Go up.]
groaning <0585> [all the.]
stomach <04975> [are.]
cramps overwhelm ..... contractions <06735 0270> [pangs have.]
disturbed <05753> [I was bowed.]
My heart <08582 03824> [heart panted. or, mind wandered. the night.]
brought <07760> [turned. Heb. put.]
eat <0398> [eat.]
Get up <06965> [arise.]
<03212> [Go.]
sees <07200> [And he saw.]
must <07181> [he hearkened.]
guard cries out <0738 07121> [cried, A lion. or, cried as a lion.]
stand <05975> [I stand.]
night <03915> [whole nights. or, every night.]
coming <0935> [behold.]
Babylon <0894> [Babylon.]
idols <06456> [all.]
downtrodden <04098> [my threshing.]
people <01121> [corn. Heb. son. that which.]
Dumah <01746> [Dumah.]
Dumah is probably the same as Dumatha, a city of Arabia, mentioned by Stephanus, and the modern Dumah and Dumathalgandel, on the borders of Arabia and Syria, in a rocky valley. The Edomites, says Bp. Lowth, as well as Jews, were subdued by the Babylonians. They enquire of the prophet how long their subjection is to last; he intimates that the Jews should be delivered from their captivity; not so the Edomites. "The morning cometh, and also the night."
Seir <08165> [me out.]
night ........ night <03915> [what.]
Morning <01242> [The morning.]
ask ask <01158> [if.]
Arabia ...... Arabia <06152> [Arabia.]
caravans <0736> [O ye.]
Tema <08485> [Tema.]
Bring out <0857> [brought. or, bring ye.]
[from the swords. or, for fear of the swords. Heb. from the face of.]
year <08141> [according.]
Kedar <06938> [Kedar.]
archers <07198> [archers. Heb. bows. the mighty.]
Lord <03068> [for.]
Valley <01516> [A.M. cir. 3292. B.C. cir. 712. the valley.]
Jerusalem being situated in the midst of surrounding hills, and the seat of Divine revelation, is here termed "the valley of vision." This prophecy foretells the invasion of Jerusalem by the Assyrians under Sennacherib; and probably also, by the Chaldeans under Nebuchadnezzar.
Vision <02384> [of vision.]
reason <0645> [What.]
up <05927> [that thou.]
The eastern houses are built with a court within, into which chiefly the windows open; those that open to the street being so obstructed with lattice work, that no one can see through them. Whenever, therefore, any thing is to be seen or heard in the streets, any public spectacle, or any alarm, everyone immediately goes up to the house-top to satisfy his curiosity. Hence all the people running to the top of their houses, gives a lively image of a sudden general alarm.
<04392> [that art.]
slain .... cut down <02491> [thy slain.]
leaders <07101> [thy rulers.]
arrow <07198> [by the archers. Heb. of the bow.]
look <08159> [Look.]
weeping bitterly <04843 01065> [Weep bitterly. Heb. be bitter in weeping.]
try <0213> [labour.]
day <03117> [a day.]
defeat <04001> [treading.]
confusion <03998> [perplexity.]
<06979> [breaking.]
cry out <07771> [crying.]
Elamites <05867> [Elam.]
Kir <07024> [Kir.]
prepared <06168> [uncovered. Heb. made naked.]
best valleys <06010 04005> [thy choicest valleys. Heb. the choice of thy valleys. full.]
gate <08179> [at. or, toward.]
removed <01540> [he discovered.]
weapons <05402> [the armour.]
reservoir <04724> [a ditch.]
on <05027> [ye have.]
called <07121> [call.]
shaved heads <07144> [to baldness.]
celebration <08342> [behold.]
eat ...... Eat <0398> [let.]
<01540> [it was.]
sin <05771> [Surely.]
administrator <05532> [treasurer.]
Shebna <07644> [Shebna.]
palace <01004> [which.]
chisel out ........ chisels <02672> [What hast.]
chisel out ........ chisels <02672> [hewed.]
There are some monuments still remaining in Persia, of great antiquity, says Bp. Lowth, called Naksi Rustam, which give a clear idea of Shebna's pompous design for his sepulchre. They consist of several sepulchres, each of them hewn in a high rock near the top. The front of the rock to the valley below is adorned with carved work in relief, being the outside of the sepulchre. Some of these sepulchres are about thirty feet in the perpendicular from the valley, which is itself raised perhaps about half as much by the accumulation of the earth since they were made.
chisel out ........ chisels <02672> [as he. or, O he.]
throw .... away <02904> [will carry, etc. or, who covered thee with an excellent covering, and clothed thee gorgeously, shall surely violently turn, etc.]
man <02925 01397> [a mighty captivity. Heb. the captivity of a man. cover.]
wind ... up tightly <06801> [surely.]
wide ... land <0776 07342> [a large country. Heb. a land large of spaces.]
Eliakim <0471> [Eliakim.]
put <03847> [clothe.]
protector <01> [a father.]
key <04668> [And the key.]
As the robe and the baldric, mentioned in the preceding verse, were the ensigns of power and authority; so likewise was the key the mark of office, either sacred or civil. To comprehend how the key could be borne on the shoulder, it will be sufficient to observe, that the ancient keys were of considerable magnitude, and much bent.
opens ................. open <06605> [so he.]
fasten <08628> [I will.]
respect <03519> [a glorious.]
<08518> [hang.]
small containers ........ jars <06996 03627> [vessels of small.]
[vessels of flagons. or, instruments of viols.]
peg <03489> [the nail.]
load <04853> [the burden.]
Lord .................................. Lord <03068> [for the.]
message <04853> [A.M. 3289. B.C. 715. burden.]
Tyre, whose destruction by Nebuchadnezzar is here foretold, was a city of Phoenicia, on the shore of the Mediterranean, twenty-four miles south of Sidon, and thirty-two north of Accho or Ptolemais, according to the Antonine and Jerusalem Itineraries, about lat. 33 degrees 18' N. long. 35 degrees 10' E. There were two cities of this name; one on the continent called Pal‘ Tyrus, or Old Tyre, according to Strabo, thirty stadia south of the other, which was situated on an island, not above 700 paces from the main land, says Pliny. Old Tyre was taken by Nebuchadnezzar, after a siege of thirteen years, B.C. 573, which he so utterly destroyed, that it never afterwards rose higher than a village. But previous to this, the inhabitants had removed their effects to the island which afterwards became so famous by the name of Tyre, though now consisting only of about 800 dwellings.
Wail <03213> [Howl.]
ships <0591> [ye ships.]
devastated <07703> [for it is.]
land <0776> [the land.]
Lament <01826> [still. Heb. silent.]
coast <0339> [the isle.]
merchants <05503> [the merchants.]
Shihor <07883> [Sihor.]
crops <07105> [the harvest.]
trade center <05505> [she is.]
labor <02342> [I travail.]
news ........... happened <08088> [at the.]
shaken <02342> [so shall.]
Travel <05674> [Pass.]
Wail <03213> [howl.]
boisterous <05947> [your.]
origins <06927> [whose.]
feet <07272> [her own.]
distant land <07350> [afar off. Heb. from afar off.]
planned <03289> [Who hath.]
royal .... merchants <05849> [the crowning.]
traders <05503> [merchants.]
<03068> [Lord.]
it ... dishonor <02490> [to stain. Heb. to pollute.]
humiliate <07043> [bring.]
Daughter <01323> [O daughter.]
marketplace <04206> [no more.]
marketplace <04206> [strength. Heb. girdle.]
stretched out <05186> [stretched.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
destroy Canaan's <03667 08045> [against the merchant city. or, concerning a merchantman.]
[the merchant city. Heb. Canaan.]
fortresses <04581> [strong holds. or, strengths.]
<03254> [Thou shalt.]
oppressed <06231> [thou oppressed.]
daughter <01323> [daughter.]
"The Sidonians," says Justin, "when their city was taken by the king of Ascalon, betook themselves to their ships; and landed and built Tyre;" Sidon was therefore the mother city.
travel <05674> [pass.]
relief <05117> [there also.]
land <0776> [land.]
Assyrians <0804> [the Assyrian.]
wild animals <06728> [for them.]
turned <07760> [and he.]
Tyre .... forgotten .................. Tyre <06865 07911> [Tyre shall.]
Tyre ..................... Tyre .......... prostitute ..... song <06865 07892 02181> [shall Tyre sing as an harlot. Heb. it shall be unto Tyre as the song of an harlot.]
revive <06485> [visit.]
again <07725> [and she shall.]
<02181> [shall commit.]
profits ..................... profits <05504> [her merchandise.]
stored up <0686> [it shall.]
live <03427> [for them.]
beautiful <06266> [durable. Heb. old.]
