Jeremiah 34:1--36:32
spoke <01697> [A.M. 3415. B.C. 589. The word.]
This chapter contains two discourses, one concerning the taking of the city, and Zedekiah's captivity and death, ver. 1-7; and the other containing an invective against the inhabitants of Jerusalem for retaining their Hebrew slaves, ver. 8-22; both of which were delivered in the tenth year of Zedekiah.
Nebuchadnezzar <05019> [when.]
kingdoms <04467> [all the kingdoms.]
consisted ......... from <03027> [of his dominion. Heb. the dominion of his hand.]
go <01980> [Go.]
give ..................... hand <05414> [Behold.]
escape ................................ go <04422 0935> [And thou.]
confront <05869> [and thine.]
answer <06310 01696> [he shall speak with thee mouth to mouth. Heb. his mouth shall speak to thy mouth.]
die <04191> [But thou.]
burn <04955> [and with.]
<08313> [so.]
mourn <05594> [and they.]
attacking Jerusalem <03898 03389> [fought against.]
Lachish <03923> [Lachish.]
fortified <04013> [for.]
made <03772> [had.]
grant <07121> [to proclaim.]
Hebrew <05680> [Hebrew.]
keep ..... enslaved <05647> [serve.]
leaders <08269> [when.]
agreed ....................... complied <08085> [then.]
made <03772> [I made.]
when <03117> [in the.]
Every <07093> [At the.]
sold <04376> [been sold. or, sold himself.]
ancestors <01> [but.]
It appears from this and several other passages, that the sabbatical year had been wholly neglected some centuries before the captivity; and the author of the second book of Chronicles (ch. 36:21) assigns this as a reason for the captivity, "that the land might enjoy her sabbaths." Now, if we reckon the seventy years' captivity as a punishment for this neglect, it will follow that the law on this subject had been disregarded for about 490 years.
Recently .......................... made <03117 03772> [ye.]
Recently <03117> [now. Heb. to-day. in proclaiming.]
made <03772> [ye had.]
granted ........................ claimed .... own <07121 08034> [which is called by my name. Heb. whereupon my name is called.]
turned right around ............. took back <07725> [ye turned.]
did not honor <02490> [polluted.]
forced <03533> [and brought.]
freedom <07121> [behold.]
When they proclaimed liberty to their slaves, God restrained the sword from cutting them off; but now having resumed their authority over them, He proclaimed liberty to these dire judgments to seize upon, and destroy them.
die ... war ... by <02719> [to the sword.]
make <05414> [I will.]
<02189> [to be removed. Heb. for a removing.]
violated .................. passed <05674> [have transgressed.]
cut <03772> [when.]
This was the ancient mode of making a covenant. (See on De 29:12 Jos 9:7.)
leaders <08269> [princes.]
court officials <05631> [the eunuchs.]
hand <03027> [and into.]
dead bodies <05038> [and their.]
Zedekiah <06667> [Zedekiah.]
withdrawn <05927> [which are.]
order <06680> [I will command.]
back <07725> [cause.]
They did return, and reinvested the city; and, after an obstinate defence, took it, plundered it, and burnt it to the ground, taking Zedekiah, his princes, and people, captive.
fight <03898> [shall fight.]
make <05414> [and I will.]
spoke <01697> [A.M. 3397. B.C. 607. The word.]
This discourse was probably delivered in the fourth year of Jehoiakim's reign, when the king of Babylon made war against him.
when <03117> [in the.]
temple <01004> [the house.]
one <0259> [into one.]
room .............. room ............... room <03957> [into the chamber.]
one <0376> [a man.]
temple officers <08269> [the princes.]
doorkeepers <08104> [the keeper.]
doorkeepers <05592> [door. Heb. threshold, or vessel.]
Have <08354> [Drink.]
Jonadab <03122> [Jonadab.]
drink ....................... drink <08354> [Ye shall.]
Jonadab, a man of fervent zeal for the pure worship of God, and who lived about three hundred years before this time, (2 Ki 10:15, 16, etc.) had probably practised these rules himself; and having trained up his children to habits of abstemiousness, he enjoined them and their posterity to adhere to them. In these regulations he seems to have had no religious, but merely a prudential view, as is intimated in the reason annexed to them "that ye may live many days in the land where ye be strangers." And this would be the natural consequence of observing these rules; for their temperate mode of living would very much contribute to preserve health and prolong life; and they would avoid giving umbrage, or exciting the jealousy or envy of the Jews, who might have been provoked, by their engaging and succeeding in the principal business in which they themselves were engaged, agriculture and vine-dressing to expel them their country; by which they would have been deprived of the religious advantages they enjoyed. In 1 Ch 2:55, they are termed scribes, which intimates that they were engaged in some kind of literary employments.
[all.]
[that ye.]
time <03117> [all.]
Nebuchadnezzar <05019> [when.]
get up ... go to <0935> [Come.]
learn <03947> [Will.]
orders <01697> [words.]
over and over again <07925> [rising.]
obeyed ..................... obeyed <08085> [but ye.]
sent ....................................................... gave <07971 05414> [I have.]
<07725> [Return.]
live in <03427> [ye shall dwell.]
pay <05186> [ye have.]
<0559> [Therefore.]
God having, by the conduct of the Rechabites, convicted the Jews of ingratitude and rebellion, He now proceeds to pass sentence against them.
bring <0935> [Behold.]
threatened ............ spoke <01696> [because.]
obeyed <08085> [Because.]
Jonadab <03122> [Jonadab, etc. Heb. There shall not a man be cut off from]
Jonadab the son of Rechab to stand, etc.
serve <05975> [stand.]
scroll <04039> [a roll.]
Write <03789> [write.]
Israel <03478> [against Israel.]
nations <01471> [against all.]
since .......... reign ..... now <03117> [from the days.]
people <01004> [may be.]
hear <08085> [hear.]
<07725> [they may.]
forgive <05545> [that I.]
Baruch ................... Baruch <01263> [Baruch.]
wrote <03789> [wrote.]
Baruch is supposed to have been a disciple of Jeremiah; and being a ready scribe, he was employed by the prophet as his amanuensis.
scroll <04039> [upon.]
Read <07121> [and read.]
told <01697> [the words.]
fast <06685> [upon.]
then <05307> [It may.]
then .... ask .... for mercy <08467 05307> [they will present their supplication. Heb. their supplication shall fall. and will.]
great <01419> [for.]
So <06213> [did.]
Lord ...... scroll ....... Lord <05612 03068> [in the.]
fifth <02549> [A.M. 3398. B.C. 606. in the fifth.]
observe <07121> [they.]
came ........................... fifth <02549 0935> [came.]
read <07121> [Then.]
entrance of the room <03957> [in the chamber.]
Gemariah <01587> [Gemariah.]
Shaphan <08227> [Shaphan.]
royal secretary <05608> [the scribe.]
entrance <06607> [entry. or, door.]
Shaphan <08227> [Shaphan.]
Elishama <0476> [Elishama.]
Elnathan <0494> [Elnathan.]
Gemariah <01587> [Gemariah.]
Hananiah <02608> [Hananiah.]
Nethaniah <05418> [Nethaniah.]
Cushi <03570> [Cushi.]
bring ...................... carrying <03947> [took.]
read .......... read <07121> [and read.]
alarm <06342> [they were.]
<05046> [We.]
<05046> [Tell.]
dictated <07121> [He.]
ink <01773> [with ink.]
{Baddeyo} is rendered by some, after him; but {deyo} (in Chaldee and Syriac {deyootha,} and in Welsh {du,}) certainly denotes ink; whence are derived the Arabic {dawat} and {deweet,} and Persian {deeveet,} an ink-holder; the Syriac {dayowo}, and Persian {div,} the devil. So the Alexandrian copy of the LXX. has [en melani,] and Vulgate {atramento,} "with ink." Perhaps the princes supposed that Baruch had written this roll from memory; and that it was rather to be considered as his composition, than the substance of Jeremiah's prophecies; and they might ask this apparently frivolous question in order to allay the alarms excited by considering it as the word of God. But Baruch, with great simplicity, so answered their question, as to shew that he only acted as Jeremiah's amanuensis, and wrote verbatim what he had dictated.
Jehudi .................... he <03065> [Jehudi.]
Jehudi .................... he <03065> [And Jehudi.]
A warm apartment suited to the season of the year, (December, when snow is often upon the ground in Palestine,) in which was a pan or brazier ({ach,} or {ikhkh,} as it is pronounced in Arabic) of burning charcoal; for we learn from Bp. Pococke, and Dr. Russel, that this was the mode in which the Orientals warmed their apartments.
cut ... off <07167> [he cut.]
alarm <06342> [they.]
tear <07167> [nor rent.]
Elnathan <0494> [Elnathan.]
urged <06293> [made.]
<08085> [but.]
<04429> [Hammelech. or, the king. to take.]
royal ....................... Lord <04428 03068> [but.]
burned <08313> [Thou hast.]
write <03789> [Why.]
King ........................ king <04428> [The king.]
occupy <03427> [He shall.]
dead body <05038> [and his.]
day ..... night <03117 03915> [in the.]
Sir J. Chardin observes, "In the Lower Asia, in particular, the day is always hot; and as soon as the sun is fifteen degrees above the horizon, no cold is felt in the depth of winter itself. On the contrary, in the height of summer the nights are as cold as at Paris in the month of March. It is for this reason that in Persia and Turkey they always make use of furred habits in the country, such only being sufficient to resist the cold of the nights. I have travelled in Arabia, and in Mesopotamia, (the theatre of the adventures of Jacob,) both in winter and in summer, and have found the truth of what the Patriarch said, "That he was scorched with the heat in the day, and stiffened with cold in the night." (Ge 31:40.) This contrariety in the qualities of the air in twenty-four hours is extremely great in some places, and not conceivable by those that have not felt it; one would imagine that he had passed in a moment from the violent heats of summer to the depth of winter. Thus it had pleased God to temper the heat of the sun by the coldness of night, without which the greatest part of the East would be barren, and a desert."
punish <06485> [punish. Heb. visit upon.]
bring <0935> [will bring.]
heed <08085> [but.]
<03947> [took.]
wrote <03789> [who.]
several other <03254> [there.]
scroll .......................... messages <01992 01697> [like words. Heb. words as they.]
