Genesis 19:1-38
And there came two angels. Or, rather, "the two angels came," referring to those mentioned in the preceding chapter, and there called "men." It seems, (from ch. 18, ver. 22,) that these two angels were sent to Sodom, while the third, who was the Lord or Jehovah, remained with Abraham.
got up <06965> [rose.]
bowed down <07812> [bowed.]
turn <05493> [turn.]
wash <07364> [wash.]
Stay ....................... spend <03885> [Nay.]
Instead of lo, nay, some MSS. have lo, to him. "And they said unto him, for we lodge in the street;" where, nevertheless, the negation is understood. Knowing the disposition of the inhabitants, and appearing in the character of mere travellers, they preferred the open street to any house; but not yet willing to make themselves known, as Lot pressed them vehemently, and as they knew him to be a righteous man, they consented to take shelter under his hospitable roof.
urged <06484> [pressed.]
feast <04960> [a feast.]
bread ... without yeast <04682> [unleavened.]
lie down <07901> [But.]
<05971> [all.]
Lot <03876> [Lot.]
Two words are here used for door: the first {pethach,} which is the door-way, at which Lot went out; the latter, {deleth,} the leaf of the door, which he shut after him when out.
two <08147> [I have.]
out <03318> [let.]
come <0935> [therefore.]
close enough <05066> [Stand.]
man <0259> [This.]
kept pressing <06484> [pressed.]
blindness <05575> [with blindness.]
The word {sanverim,} rendered "blindness," and which occurs only here, and in 2 Ki 6:18, is supposed to denote dazzlings, deceptions, or confusions of sight from excessive light; being derived by Schultens, who is followed by Parkhurst, from the Arabic {sana,} to pour forth, diffuse, and nor, light. Dr. Geddes, to the same purpose, thinks it is compounded of the Arabic {sana,} which signifies a flash, and or, light. The Targums, in both places where it occurs, render it by eruptions, or flashes of light, or as Mercer, in Robertson, explains the Chaldee word, irradiations.
trying <03811> [that they.]
here .............. city <06311 05892> [Hast.]
sons-in-law <02860> [son.]
outcry <06818> [cry.]
Lord ..... sent <03068 07971> [Lord hath.]
marry <03947> [which.]
get <06965> [Up.]
But ....... ridiculing <06711> [as one.]
hurried <0213> [hastened.]
here <04672> [are here. Heb. are found. iniquity. or, punishment.]
When ... hesitated <04102> [lingered.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
led <03318> [brought.]
said <0559> [he said.]
Run ............... Escape <04422> [Escape.]
look <05027> [look.]
great <01431> [and thou.]
disaster <07451> [lest some.]
town <05892> [this.]
survive <05315> [and my.]
I ... grant <02009 05375> [See, I.]
<06440> [thee. Heb. thy face. that.]
cannot <03201> [for.]
called <07121> [called.]
Zoar <06820> [Zoar. i.e., little.]
risen <03318> [risen. Heb. gone forth.]
Lord .................... Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
sulfur <01614> [brimstone.]
The word rendered "brimstone," (q.d. brennestone, or brinnestone, {id est} burning-stone,) is always rendered by the LXX. "sulphur," and seems to denote a meteorous inflammable matter.
Lot's ... looked <05027> [looked.]
This unhappy woman, says the Rev. T. Scott, "looked back," contrary to God's express command, perhaps with a hope of returning, which latter supposition is favoured by our Lord's words, "Let him not return back: remember Lot's wife." She was, therefore, instantaneously struck dead and petrified, and thus remained to after ages a visible monument of the Divine displeasure.
pillar <05333> [and.]
early <07925> [early.]
place <04725> [to the.]
God ........ God <0430> [that God.]
Lot <03876> [Lot.]
afraid <03372> [for he.]
Zoar .................. Zoar <06820> [Zoar.]
man <0376> [not.]
have sexual relations <0935> [to come.]
<03212> [Come.]
drunk <08248> [drink.]
line <02233> [seed.]
So ..... made .... drunk <08248> [drink.]
Moab ........ Moabites <04124> [A.M. 2108. B.C. 1896. Moab.]
This name is generally interpreted of the father; from {mo,} of, and {av,} a father.
Moab ........ Moabites <04124> [Moabites.]
[Ben-ammi. i.e., Son of my people, from {ben,} a son, and {ammi,} my people.]
son ............ Ammonites <01121> [children.]
Genesis 4:18
Lamech <03929> [A.M. cir. 194. B.C. cir. 3810. Lamech.]
Leviticus 26:15-46
reject <03988> [despise.]
you <05315> [soul.]
break <06565> [break.]
inflict <06485> [appoint.]
horror <0928> [over you. Heb. upon you. terror.]
consumption <07829> [consumption.]
diminish <03615> [consume.]
sow <02232> [and ye shall.]
enemies <0341> [for your.]
I will set <05414> [set.]
struck <05062> [ye shall be.]
flee <05127> [shall flee.]
seven <07651> [seven times.]
break <07665> [will break.]
make <05414> [make.]
strength <03581> [your strength.]
land ............ land <0776> [for your land.]
hostility ....... willing <07147 014> [contrary unto me. or, at all adventures with me: and so ver.]
wild <07704> [wild.]
bereave <07921> [rob you.]
roads <01870> [your high.]
bring <0935> [will bring.]
avenging <05358> [avenge.]
send <07971> [I will send.]
rage <02534> [in fury.]
This was literally fulfilled at the siege of Jerusalem. Josephus gives a dreadful detail respecting a woman named Mary, who, in the extremity of the famine, during the seige, killed her sucking child, roasted, and had eaten part of it, when discovered by the soldiers!
destroy <08045> [I will destroy.]
you <05315> [my soul.]
lay <05414> [And I will make.]
desolate <08074> [and bring.]
smell <07306> [I will not smell. See on]
will make .... desolate ........... appalled <08074> [And I.]
enemies <0341> [and your.]
This was fulfilled during the Babylonish captivity: for, from Saul to the captivity are about 490 years, during which period there were 70 sabbaths of years neglected by the Hebrews. Now the Babylonish captivity lasted 70 years, and during that time the land of Israel rested.
bring <0935> [I will send.]
sound <06963> [and the.]
<05086> [shaken. Heb. driven.]
stumble <03782> [they shall.]
stand <08617> [and ye shall.]
rot ................. rot <04743> [shall pine.]
iniquity .................. iniquities <05771> [and also.]
confess <03034> [confess.]
walked <01980> [and that.]
uncircumcised <06189> [their uncircumcised.]
humbled <03665> [humbled.]
make up <07521> [and they.]
remember ..................... remember <02142> [will I.]
remember ..................... remember <02142> [and I will.]
make ................ make up <07521> [shall enjoy.]
make ................ make up <07521> [and they.]
rejected <03988> [they despised.]
<05315> [their soul.]
reject <03988> [I will.]
abhor <01602> [abhor.]
break <06565> [break.]
remember <02142> [for their.]
out <03318> [whom I.]
[See on]
sight <05869> [in the sight.]
As this verse appears to be the proper concluding verse of the whole book, Dr. A. Clarke thinks that the 27th chapter originally followed the 25th. Others suppose that the 27th chapter was added after the book was finished; and, therefore, there is apparently a double conclusion, one at the end of this, and another at the end of the 27th chapter. All the ancient versions agree in concluding both chapters in nearly the same way.
[the statues.]
Mount Sinai <02022 05514> [in mount Sinai.]
through <03027> [by the hand.]
Numbers 32:23
do <06213> [if ye will.]
know .... sin <02403 03045> [be sure your sin.]
If the persons concerned prevaricated, and so imposed on men, or if they afterwards refused to fulfil their engagement, God would most certainly detect and expose their wickedness, and inflict condign punishment upon them. Of all the ways, says Dr. South, to be taken for the prevention of that great plague of mankind, Sin, there is none so rational and efficacious as to confute and baffle those motives by which men are induced to embrace it; and among all such motives, the heart of man seems to be chiefly overpowered and prevailed upon by two, viz. secrecy in committing sin, and impunity with respect to its consequences. Accordingly, Moses, in this chapter, having to deal with a company of men suspected of a base and fraudulent design, though couched under a very fair pretence, as most such designs are, endeavours to quash it in its very conception, by secretly applying himself to encounter those secret motives and arguments, which he knew were the most likely to encourage them in it. And this he does very briefly, but effectually, by assuring them, that how covertly and artificially soever they might carry on their dark project, yet their sin would infallibly find them out. Though the subject and occasion of these words are indeed particular, yet the design of them is manifestly of an universal import, as reaching the case of all transgressors, in their first entrance on any sinful act or course.
Deuteronomy 28:15-68
ignore <08085> [if thou wilt.]
curses <07045> [all these curses.]
The same variety of expression is used in these terrible curses, as in the preceding blessings, to intimate every kind of prosperity or adversity, personal, relative, and public. Consulting the marginal references will generally lead to the best exposition of the terms employed; and will frequently point out the fulfilment of the promises and threatenings.
city <05892> [in the city.]
field <07704> [in the field.]
children ......... produce <0990 06529> [the fruit of thy body.]
soil <0127> [thy land.]
send <07971> [send.]
confusing <04103> [vexation.]
<06213> [for to do. Heb. which thou wouldest do. until thou be.]
weakness <07829> [a consumption.]
sword <02719> [sword. or, drought. blasting.]
The language here is remarkable: "Thy heaven;" that part of the atmosphere which was over Judea, instead of being replenished with aqueous vapours, should become, with respect to moisture, like brass: and consequently their land would become as hard as iron, and wholly incapable of cultivation; while the clouds might give showers in abundance, and the earth be moist and fruitful in other regions.
will make ... rain <04306 05414> [make the rain.]
This was a natural consequence of their heaven's being brass, or yielding no rain; for the surface of the earth being reduced to powder, and frequently taken up by strong winds, would fall down in showers instead of rain. These showers of sand frequently, in the East, bury whole caravans.
allow ..... struck <05414 05062> [cause thee.]
terror <02189> [removed. Heb. for a removing.]
boils <07822> [the botch.]
<02914> [emerods.]
eczema <01618> [scab.]
feel ... way along ....................... constantly .... continually <04959> [grope.]
oppressed <06231> [thou shalt be.]
engaged <0781> [betroth.]
build <01129> [build.]
begin <02490> [gather. Heb. profane, or, use it as common meat.]
ox <07794> [ox.]
returned ..... flock <07725 06629> [be restored to thee. Heb. return to thee.]
sons <01121> [sons.]
In several countries, particularly in Spain and Portugal, the children of the Jews have been taken from them, by order of the government, to be educated in the Popish faith.
vain <03616> [fail.]
produce <06529> [The fruit.]
oppressed <06231> [thou shalt be.]
boils <07822> [botch.]
king <03212 04428> [bring thee.]
serve <05647> [there shalt thou.]
The Israelites, who were carried captive by the Assyrians, and many of the Jews in Chaldea, were finally incorporated with the nations among whom they lived, and were given up to their idolatry. It is probable, however, that this refers to Jews being compelled, in Popish countries, to conceal their religion, and profess that of the Romish church.
occasion of horror <08047> [become.]
proverb <04912> [a proverb.]
The name of Jew has long been a proverbial mark of detestation and contempt among all the nations whither they have been dispersed, and is so to this day, whether among Christians, Mohmammedans, or Pagans.
take <03318> [shalt carry.]
locusts <0697> [for the locust.]
worms <08438> [for the worms.]
anoint ..... oil <05480 08081> [anoint thyself.]
<03212> [thou shalt not enjoy them. Heb. they shall not be thine. for.]
tree <06086> [thy trees.]
<03423> [consume. or, possess.]
curses <07045> [Moreover.]
obey <08085> [because.]
sign <0226> [a sign.]
serve <05647> [serve.]
hunger <07458> [in hunger.]
yoke <05923> [a yoke.]
raise up .... nation ................. nation <01471 05375> [bring a nation.]
Though the Chaldeans are frequently described under the figure of an eagle, yet these verses especially predict the desolations brought on the Jews by the Romans; who came from a country far more distant than Chaldea; whose conquests were as rapid as the eagle's flight, and whose standard bore this very figure; who spake a language to which the Jews were then entire strangers, being wholly unlike the Hebrew, of which the Chaldee was merely a dialect; whose appearance and victories were terrible; and whose yoke was a yoke of iron; and the havoc which they made tremendous.
eagle <05404> [as the eagle.]
nation ................. nation ... language <01471 03956> [a nation whose.]
understand <08085> [understand. Heb. hear.]
stern ....... regard <05794 06440> [of fierce countenance. Heb. strong of face.]
<05375> [shall not.]
offspring ....... produce <06529> [the fruit.]
leave <07604> [which also.]
offspring <06529> [the fruit.]
offspring <0990> [body. Heb. belly.]
<05869> [his eye.]
wife .... remaining <0802 03499> [and toward.]
The Roman armies at length besieged, sacked, and utterly desolated Jerusalem: and during this seige, the famine was so extreme, that even rich and delicate persons, both men and women, ate their own children, and concealed the horrible repast, lest others should tear it from them! "Women snatched the food out of the very mouths of their husbands, and sons of their fathers, and (what is most miserable) mothers of their infants." "In every house, if there appeared any semblance of food, a battle ensued, and the dearest friends and relations fought with one another; snatching away the miserable provisions of life." "A woman distinguished by birth and wealth, after she had been plundered by the tyrants (or soldiers) of all her possessions, boiling her own sucking child, ate half of him, and concealing the other half, reserved it for another time!"
children <01121> [his children.]
[in the seige.]
delicate <06028> [and delicate.]
<05869 03415> [her eye shall be evil.]
afterbirth <07988> [young one. Heb. after-birth. cometh out.]
eat <0398> [for she shall.]
obey <08104> [If thou wilt.]
fear ... glorious ... awesome <03513 03372> [fear this glorious.]
mentioned .......... perished <05927 08045> [bring upon thee. Heb. cause to ascend.]
few <04592 04962> [few in number.]
In the seige of Jerusalem there died 1,100,000 persons, and more than 90,000 were carried captive; and, having afterwards provoked the Romans by their crimes and rebellions, they persecuted them nearly to extirpation; to which, if the tens of thousands which were slaughtered year after year in every country be added, it appears wonderful that there were any remains left.
stars <03556> [as the stars.]
delighted .... good ........... delight <07797 03190> [rejoiced over.]
delighted .............. delight ... destroying <07797 06> [rejoice over.]
uprooted .... land <05255 0127> [plucked from.]
scatter <06327> [scatter.]
worship <05647> [there thou shalt.]
those <01992> [among.]
After the conquest of their country by the Romans, Hadrian, by a public decree, ratified by the senate, forbad any Jew to come even within sight of Judea; and hence they were dispersed over every quarter of the globe, where they found no alleviation or respite from misery. In no country are they treated as denizens; all suspect them as enemies, and behave to them as aliens; if they do not, as had been too frequently the case, harass, oppress, and persecute them, even unto death.
rest <07280> [shalt thou.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
failing eyesight <05869 03631> [failing of eyes.]
return ... Egypt <04714 07725> [bring thee into Egypt.]
This verse seems especially to point out an event, which took place subsequently to the destruction of Jerusalem by Titus, and the desolation made by Hadrian. Numbers of the captives were sent by sea into Egypt (as well as into other countries), and sold for slaves at a vile price, and for the meanest offices; and many thousands were left to perish from want; for the multitude was so great, that purchasers could not be found for them all at any price!
sell <04376> [there ye shall.]
Job 4:8
plow <02790> [they that plow.]
Isaiah 1:4
sinful ..... good <01945 02398> [Ah sinful.]
weighed down ... evil deeds <03515 05771> [laden with iniquity. Heb. of heaviness. a seed.]
children <01121> [children.]
abandoned <05800> [forsaken.]
rejected <05006> [provoked.]
Holy One <06918> [the Holy.]
alienated <0268 02114> [gone away backward. Heb. alienated, or separated.]
Hosea 13:9
destroy <07843> [thou.]
help <05828> [but.]
help <05828> [is thine help. Heb. in thy help.]
