Isaiah 36:1--39:8
fourteenth <0702> [it came.]
Sennacherib <05576> [that Sennacherib.]
sent <07971> [A.M. 3294. B.C. 710. sent.]
conduit <08585> [the conduit.]
Eliakim <0471> [Eliakim.]
Shebna <07644> [Shebna.]
scribe <05608> [scribe. or, secretary.]
said .... Tell <0559> [Thus saith.]
Assyria <0804> [Assyria.]
Assyria proper, now Kourdistan, was bounded by Armenia on the north, Media and Persia on the east, Babylonia on the south, and the Tigris, which divides it from Mesopotamia, on the west, between 33 degrees and 38 degrees N. lat. and 42 degrees and 46 degrees E. long. But the Assyrian empire, the bounds of which were different at different times, in its most flourishing state, according to the descriptions of the Greek and Roman writers, comprehended all the countries and nations between the Mediterranean on the west, and the Indus on the east, and between the deserts of Scythia on the north, and the Indian ocean on the south.
confidence <0986> [What.]
talk <01697 08193> [vain words. Heb. a word of lips. I have counsel and strength for war. or, but counsel and strength are for the war.]
rebel <04775> [that.]
trusting <0982> [We trust.]
high places <01116> [is it not.]
deal <06148> [pledges. or, hostages.]
give <05414> [and I.]
minor <06996> [the least.]
trust <0982> [and put.]
Aramaic <0762> [in the Syrian.]
eat <0398> [that they may.]
called out <07121> [cried.]
Listen <08085> [Hear.]
Send .... token of your submission <06213 01293> [Make an agreement with me by a present. or, Seek my favour by a present. Heb. Make with me a blessing.]
surrender <03318> [come out.]
each ..... eat .... own ........... own <0398 0376> [eat ye.]
come <0935> [I come.]
land ....... land ... grain ...... land <0776 01715> [a land of corn.]
The other copy in 2 Ki 18:32, adds here, "a land of oil olive, and of honey; that ye may live, and not die: and hearken not unto Hezekiah when he seduceth you."
Hezekiah <02396> [lest.]
<0376> [Hath.]
Hamath <02574> [Hamath.]
Arpad <0774> [Arphad.]
The variation of Arphad and Arpad exists only in the translation; the original being uniformly ['ArpÆ’d <\\See definition 0774\\>.]
[Arpad.]
Sepharvaim <05617> [Sepharvaim.]
Calmet is of opinion that Sepharvaim was the capital of the Saspires, who, according to Herodotus, were the only people that inhabited between the Colchians and Medes; and probably the Sarapases, whom Strabo places in Armenia. Hiller considers the name as denoting Sephar of the Parvaim, i.e., Mount Sephar adjacent to the regions of Arabia called Parvaim. But it is more probable, as Wells and others suppose, that Sepharvaim is the [Sipphara,] Sipphara, of Ptolemy, the [Sipparenon polis,] the city of the Sippareni, mentioned by Abydenus, and probably the Hipparenum of Pliny, a city of Mesopotamia, situated upon the Euphrates, near where it is divided into two arms, by one of which, it is probable, it was divided into two parts.
rescue <05337> [and have.]
Lord <03068> [that the Lord.]
Eliakim <0471> [Eliakim.]
clothes <0899> [with their.]
The history of the invasion of Sennacherib, observes Bp. Lowth, and the miraculous destruction of his army, which makes the subject of so many of Isaiah's prophecies, is very properly inserted here, as affording the best light to many parts of these prophecies; and as almost necessary to introduce the prophecy in the 37th chapter, being the answer of God to Hezekiah's prayer, which could not be properly understood without it. Sennacherib succeeded his father Shalmaneser on the throne of Assyria, A.M. 3290, B.C. 714, and reigned only about eight years.
King <04428> [it came.]
tore <07167> [he rent.]
went <0935> [and went.]
[his day.]
humiliation <05007> [blasphemy. or, provocation.]
baby <01121> [for the.]
<03068> [It may.]
taunt <02778> [to reproach.]
punish <03198> [and will.]
<05375> [lift up.]
remnant <07611> [for the.]
remains <04672> [left. Heb. found.]
said ............. says <0559> [Thus shall.]
afraid <03372> [Be not.]
cut ... down <05414 05307> [I will.]
mind <07307 05414> [send a blast upon him. or, put a spirit into him. I will cause.]
chief adviser <07262> [Rabshakeh.]
Libnah <03841> [Libnah.]
Lachish <03923> [Lachish.]
heard ................... ordering <08085> [he heard.]
Ethiopia <03568> [Ethiopia.]
Cush, which is generally rendered Ethiopia, is applied in Scripture to at least three distinct and different countries. 1. The country watered by the Gihon or Araxes, (Ge 2:13,) also called Cuth, 2 Ki 17:30. 2. A country of Arabia Petr‘a, bordering upon Egypt, which extended from the northern extremity of the Red sea along its eastern shore. (Comp. Ex 3:1, with Nu 12:1. Hab 3:7.) 3. Ethiopia Proper, an extensive country of Africa, comprehending Nubia and Abyssinia; being bounded on the north by Egypt, on the east by the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, and on the south and west by various nations of Africa, and extending from about 6 degrees to 24 degrees N. lat. and 25 degrees to 45 degrees E. long. It is probable that it was this latter Cush, or Ethiopia, of which Tirhakah was king; he being in league with his kinsman Sevechus, son of So, or Sabacon, king of Egypt, against Sennacherib, the king of Assyria.
God <0430> [Let not.]
gods <0430> [the gods.]
Gozan <01470> [Gozan.]
Haran <02771> [Haran.]
Haran, the Carrh‘ of the Greeks and Romans, is situated in the north-west part of Mesopotamia, between the Euphrates and the river Chebar; about 110 miles west of Nisibis, 90 east of Bir, 100 south of Diarbekir, and 170 north of Palmyra.
Eden <05729> [Eden.]
It is probable that this Eden is the country near Diarbekir, on the Tigris, called MÆ’don, according to Asseman.
Telassar <08515> [Telassar.]
Telassar is probably the same as Ellasar, Ge 14:1, as the Jerusalem Targum reads; for both of which the Syriac has Dolassar; and perhaps, as Doederlein supposes, the same as Sharra, a city of Mesopotamia, half a mile from the Euphrates.
[Thelasar.]
Hamath <02574> [Hamath.]
Hena <02012> [Hena.]
Hena is probably the same as Anah, a city of Mesopotamia, situated on an island in the Euphrates.
Ivvah <05755> [Ivah.]
[Ava, Avites.]
took <03947> [received.]
Hezekiah ............ Hezekiah ... up <02396 05927> [and Hezekiah went.]
Lord <03068> [Lord.]
who ... enthroned <03427> [dwellest.]
God ............. God <0430> [thou art.]
made <06213> [thou hast.]
Pay <05186> [Incline.]
hear ........ Listen <08085> [hear.]
kings <04428> [the kings.]
nations .... lands <0776> [nations. Heb. lands.]
burned <05414> [And have.]
burned <05414> [cast. Heb. given. no gods.]
kingdoms <04467> [that all.]
[even.]
prayed <06419> [Whereas.]
virgin <01330> [The virgin.]
daughter .......... Daughter <01323> [the daughter.]
despises <0959> [hath despised.]
shakes <05128> [shaken.]
taunted .............. arrogantly <02778 07311> [Whom hast.]
arrogantly <07311> [against whom.]
Holy One <06918> [the Holy One.]
messengers <05650> [thy servants. Heb. the hand of they servants.]
many <07230> [By the.]
tall cedars ..... evergreens <0730 01265 06967> [tall cedars thereof, and the choice fir trees thereof. Heb. tallness of the cedars thereof and the choice of the fir trees thereof.]
<03760> [of his Carmel. or, and his fruitful field.]
soles <03709> [with the sole.]
Egypt <04693> [besieged. or, fenced and closed.]
ago <07350> [long ago, etc. or, how I have made it long ago, and formed it of ancient times?]
Should I now bring it to be laid waste, and defenced cities to be ruinous heaps?.
[how I.]
residents <03427> [their inhabitants.]
powerless <03027 07116> [of small power. Heb. short of hand. as the grass of.]
know <03045> [I know.]
live <03427> [abode. or sitting.]
rage <07264> [rage.]
uproar <07600> [tumult.]
I ... put <07760> [will I.]
reminder <0226> [this shall.]
eat .............................. consume <0398> [Ye shall.]
remain ... Judah <06413 01004 03063 07604> [remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah. Heb. escaping of the house of Judah that remaineth.]
root <08328> [take.]
come out <06413> [they that escape. Heb. the escaping. the zeal.]
enter <0935> [He.]
shielded warriors <04043> [shields. Heb. shield. cast.]
shield <01598> [I will.]
servant <05650> [for mine.]
servant <05650> [and for.]
messenger <04397> [the angel.]
got up early <07925> [and when.]
Sennacherib <05576> [Sennacherib.]
Nineveh <05210> [Nineveh.]
god <0430> [his god.]
Ararat <0780> [Armenia. Heb. Ararat.]
Esarhaddon <0634> [Esar-haddon.]
Esar-haddon, called Asar-addinus in the Canon of Ptolemy, was the third son of Sennacherib; and having reigned twenty-nine years over the Assyrians, he took advantage of the anarchy and confusion which followed the death of Mesessimordacus, and seized upon Babylon; which he added to his former empire, and reigned over both for thirteen years; when he was succeeded by his son Saosduchinus, A.M. 3336, B.C. 668.
Hezekiah <02396> [A.M. 3291. B.C. 718. was Hezekiah.]
Isaiah <03470> [And Isaiah.]
instructions .... household <01004 06680> [Set thine house in order. Heb. Give charge concerning thy house.]
illness ............................. die <04191> [for thou.]
turned <05437> [turned.]
Hezekiah's couch was probably placed in a corner, which is the place of honour in the East; in which, turning on either side, he must turn his face to the wall; by which he would withdraw himself from those attending him in his apartment.
Remember <02142> [Remember.]
<01980> [I have.]
wholehearted <08003> [a perfect.]
wept bitterly <01058> [wept.]
<01419> [sore. Heb. with great weeping.]
tell <0559> [and say.]
God <0430> [God.]
heard <08085> [I have heard.]
seen <07200> [I have seen.]
add <03254> [I will.]
make .............. then <07725> [I will bring.]
steps .... stairs ........... steps <04609 08121> [the sun dial. Heb. the degrees by, or, with the sun.]
Or, as the Hebrew might be rendered, "the steps of Ahaz." The researches of curious travellers in Hindostan, observes Bp. Stock, have lately discovered in that country, three observatories of similar form, the most remarkable of which is to be seen within four miles of Delhi, the ancient capital of the Mogul empire. A rectangled triangle, whose hypotenuse is a staircase, (apparently parallel to the axis of the earth,) bisects a zone, or coping of a wall, which wall connects the two terminating towers at right and left. The coping itself is of a circular form, and accurately graduated, to mark, by the gnomon above, the sun's progress before and after noon.
prayer <04385> [writing.]
sick <02470> [he had.]
We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving song, which he penned by Divine direction, after his recovery. He might have used some of the Psalms of David his father, as he had appointed the Levites to praise the Lord with the words of David, 2 Ch 29:30, but the occasion here was extraordinary. His heart being full of devout affections, he would not confine himself to the compositions he had, though of Divine inspiration, but offered up his praises in his own words. The Lord put a new song into his mouth. He put his thanksgiving into writing, that he might review it himself afterwards, for the reviving of the good impressions made upon him by the providential interference, and that it might be recommended to others also for their use upon the like occasion. # 2Ch 29:30
taken away <01540> [is removed.]
shepherd's <07473> [as a.]
rolled up <07088> [have cut.]
cuts me off <01214> [he will cut.]
loom <01803> [with pining sickness. or, from the thrum.]
lion <0738> [as a lion.]
thrush <05483> [a crane.]
coo <01897> [I did mourn.]
eyes <05869> [mine eyes.]
oppressed <06234> [I am.]
help <06148> [undertake for me. or, ease me.]
say <01696> [What.]
walk slowly <01718> [I shall.]
grief <04751> [in the.]
grief ... experienced ..... benefit <04751 07965> [for peace I had great bitterness. or, on my peace came great bitterness.]
delivered me .... pit <05315 07845 02836> [in love to my soul delivered it from the pit. Heb. loved my soul from the pit.]
removed <07993> [thou hast cast.]
Sheol <07585> [the grave.]
descend <03381> [they that.]
living .... living <02416> [the living.]
father <01> [the father.]
celebrate <05058> [therefore.]
music .... rest ... our <05059> [to the stringed.]
Isaiah <03470> [For Isaiah.]
sign <0226> [What.]
Merodach-Baladan <04757> [A.M. cir. 3292. B.C. cir. 712. Merodach-baladan.]
[Berodach-baladan.]
king <04428> [king.]
letters <07971 05612> [sent letters.]
welcomed <08055> [was glad.]
showed .......................... showed <07200> [shewed.]
storehouse <05238> [precious things. or, spicery.]
armory <03627> [armour. or, jewels. Heb. vessels, or instruments. there was.]
Isaiah .... visited ............... come ...... come <03470 0935> [came Isaiah.]
visited ............... come ...... come <0935> [They are.]
palace .......... palace <01004> [All that.]
Listen <08085> [Hear.]
palace <01004> [that all.]
descendants <01121> [of thy sons.]
eunuchs <05631> [they shall be. Fulfilled.]
appropriate <02896> [Good.]
peace <07965> [For.]
