Joshua 6:1-27
shut tightly <05462> [was straitly. Heb. did shut up, and was shut up.]
because <06440> [because.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
See <07200 05414> [See, I have.]
king <04428> [the king.]
around <05437> [ye shall.]
horns ...................... horns <07782> [trumpets of rams'.]
The words {shopheroth hyyovelim,} should rather be rendered jubilee, trumpets, i.e., such as were used on the jubilee, which were probably made of horn or silver: for the entrance of the Israelites into Canaan was indeed a jubilee to them (See Note on Le 25:11): instead of the dreadful trumpet of war, they were ordered to sound the trumpet of joy, as already conquerors.
seven .... seven ................. seven times <07651 06471> [seven times.]
<04900> [make a long.]
army ............... warriors <05971> [the people.]
wall <02346> [and the wall.]
The words {wenaphelah chomath hair tachteyha,} are literally, "and the wall of the city shall fall down under itself;" which appears simply to mean, that the wall shall fall down from its very foundation; which was probably the case in every part, though large breaches in different places might have been amply sufficient first to admit the armed men, after whom the host might enter to destroy the city. There is no ground for the supposition that the walls sunk into the earth.
<08478> [flat. Heb. under it.]
Pick up ... ark ......... carry ......... ark <0727 05375> [Take up the ark.]
armed <02502> [that is armed.]
before ... Lord ................ Lord <06440 03068> [before the Lord.]
guard <0622> [and the rereward. Heb. gathering. host.]
raise ... voices <06963 08085> [any noise with your voice. Heb. your voice to be heard.]
day <03117> [until the day.]
early ..... Joshua <03091 07925> [Joshua rose.]
priests <03548> [the priests.]
marched along ....... marched ......... followed <01980> [went on.]
<05927> [about the dawning.]
On .... day ................... time <03117> [only on that day.]
cry <07321> [Shout.]
<02764> [accursed. or, devoted.]
Rahab <07343> [only Rahab.]
hid <02244> [because.]
But <07535> [in any wise.]
setting apart <02763> [lest ye make.]
make .... camp <04264 07760> [make the camp.]
disaster <05916> [and trouble it.]
silver <03701> [all the silver.]
<06944> [consecrated. Heb. holiness.]
treasury <0214> [the treasury.]
wall <02346> [the wall.]
collapsed <05307> [flat. Heb. under it.]
annihilated <02763> [And they.]
The Canaanites were ripe for destruction; and God was pleased, instead of destroying them by a pestilence, a famine, or an earthquake, to employ the Israelites as the executioners of his vengeance. Had an angel been commissioned to slay them, who would have charged him with iniquity or cruelty? In all public calamities infants are involved; and tens of thousands of infants die in great agony every year. Now, either God is not the agent in these calamities, (which opinion, though often implied in men's reasonings on these subjects, is not far from atheism;) or they must consist with the most perfect justice and goodness.
annihilated <02763> [utterly.]
Joshua <03091> [Joshua.]
promised <07650> [as ye sware unto her.]
brought out Rahab ............. brought out <07343 03318> [out Rahab.]
family <04940> [kindred. Heb. families. left them.]
burned <08313> [burnt.]
silver <03701> [only the silver.]
Rahab <07343> [Rahab.]
lives <03427> [she dwelleth.]
day <03117> [unto.]
hid <02244> [because.]
solemn <07650> [adjured.]
This is to be regarded as a prediction, that he who rebuilded this city should lose all his children in the interim between the laying of the foundation to the completion of the walls.
declaration <0779> [Cursed.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
famous <08089> [his fame.]
Joshua 10:1--11:23
[Adoni-zedec.]
did <06213> [as he had.]
people <03427> [how the.]
terrified <03372> [they feared.]
Gibeon <01391> [Gibeon.]
Gibeon was situated on an eminence, as its name imports, 40 furlongs north from Jerusalem, according to Josephus.
city ...... royal cities <05892 04467> [the royal cities. Heb. cities of the kingdom.]
King .... Jerusalem ...... King ..... King ..... King ...... King <04428 03389> [king of Jerusalem.]
Hebron <02275> [Hebron.]
Hebron was situated on an eminence, 20 miles south of Jerusalem, and the same distance north of Beersheba. It is now called El Khalil, "the well-beloved," the usual epithet which the Turks and Arabs apply to Abraham, whose sepulchral cave they still shew; over which St. Helena built a magnificent church. Its original site was on an eminence, at the southern foot of which the present village is pleasantly situated, on which are the remains of an ancient castle, its sole defence.
Lachish <03923> [Lachish.]
aid <05826> [and help.]
attack <05221> [we may.]
camp <04264> [to the camp.]
abandon <07503> [Slack.]
subjects <05650> [from thy.]
hill country <02022> [mountains.]
night <03915> [all night.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
Gibeon <01391> [at Gibeon.]
Beth Horon <01032> [Beth-horon.]
Azekah <05825> [Azekah.]
Makkedah <04719> [Makkedah.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
sun <08121> [Sun.]
Joshua doubtless acted, on this occasion, by an immediate impulse upon his mind from the Spirit of God. The terms here employed to record the miracle, agree with the accustomed manner in which the the motions of the earth and sun are described in our own day. The sun apparently moves, but really is stationary; while the diurnal movement of the earth on its axis is by us unnoticed, and would not have been known except by astronomical science. The sun appeared to the Israelites over Gibeon, and the moon over the valley of Ajalon, and there they stayed in their course for "a whole day." Many vain enquiries have been made concerning the way in which this miracle was wrought, and many difficulties and objections have been urged against understanding it literally. But the fact is authenticated by the Divine testimony; and the manner in which it was accomplished lies entirely out of our province, because beyond our comprehension.
still <01826> [stand thou. Heb. be silent.]
Aijalon <0357> [Ajalon.]
[Aijalon.]
nation <01471> [until.]
Upright <03477> [Jasher. or, the upright.]
sun ............................. sun <08121> [So the sun.]
day <03117> [there was.]
Lord ....... Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
Lord ....... Lord <03068> [for the Lord.]
hid <02244> [and hid.]
cave <04631> [in a cave.]
This information brought to Joshua, is an evidence that there were those of the country, who knew the holes and fastnesses of it, that were in his interests. And the care Joshua took to secure them there, as it is an instance of his policy and presence of mind, even in the heat of action; so, in the success of their project, it shews how they who think to hide themselves from God, not only deceive, but destroy themselves. Their refuge of lies will but bind them over to God's judgment.
delay Chase <05975 07291> [stay ye.]
catch <02179> [smite. Heb. cut off the tail.]
allow .... retreat ........... handing ... over <05414 0935> [suffer them.]
<03615> [had made.]
fortified cities <05892 04013> [fenced cities.]
camp <04264> [to the camp.]
threaten <02782> [none.]
[See on ver.]
put ... feet ............. put ... feet <07760 07272> [put your feet.]
afraid .... panic <03372 02865> [Fear not.]
strong <02388> [be strong.]
Lord <03068> [thus shall.]
Joshua <03091> [Joshua.]
hung ......... hanging <08518> [hanged.]
take ... down <03381> [they took.]
remain ..... day <03117 06106> [until this very day.]
Makkedah <04719> [Makkedah.]
Situated, according to Eusebius, 8 miles east from Eleutheropolis. It was afterwards assigned to the tribe of Judah.
lived <05315> [them.]
did ........ done <06213> [and he did.]
Libnah <03841> [Libnah.]
This city was situated in the south of Judah, and in the district of Eleutheropolis, according to Eusebius and Jerome. It is probably the Libnah in the neighbourhood of which the Israelites encamped.
[as he did.]
Lachish <03923> [Lachish.]
Lachish was also situated in the south of Judah, seven miles south from Eleutheropolis, according to Eusebius and Jerome. It appears to have been anciently a very strong place; for though the people were panic struck, and the Israelites flushed with success, yet Joshua could not reduce it till the second day; and the king of Assyria afterwards was obliged to raise the siege.
Libnah <03841> [to Libnah.]
Gezer <01507> [Gezer.]
Gezer was situated on the confines of Ephraim and Manasseh, between Beth-horon and the sea; and is evidently the village of Gazara mentioned by Eusebius, four miles (north) from Nicopolis or Emmaus.
Eglon <05700> [Eglon.]
This town appears to have been no great distance from Lachish, with which it is mentioned, ch. 15:39, as one of the cities given to Judah.
day ............... day <03117> [on that day.]
annihilated <02763> [utterly.]
Hebron <02275> [Hebron.]
king <04428> [the king.]
From ver. 23, we learn that the king of Hebron was one of the five whom Joshua slew and hanged on five trees at Makkedah. This slaying of the king of Hebron, therefore, must either refer to what had already been done, or the Hebronites had set up another, whom Joshua now slew when he took the city.
done <06213> [according.]
Debir <01688> [Debir.]
Debir was situated in the south of the tribe of Judah, near Hebron. The expression of Joshua's returning to Debir, probably denotes, that having carried his conquests in the southern parts as far as Gaza, (ver. 41,) which was in the south-west angle of Canaan, he then marched back to besiege Debir.
who ....... survivors <07604 08300> [he left none.]
land <0776> [all the country.]
annihilated <02763> [utterly.]
Lord <03068> [as the Lord.]
Kadesh Barnea <06947> [Kadesh-barnea.]
Gaza <05804> [Gaza.]
region <0776> [all the country.]
The country of Goshen, mentioned here, seems to have been in the south of Judah; and to have taken its name from the city of Goshen, situated in the same tribe.
Gibeon <01391> [Gibeon.]
Lord <03068> [because.]
camp <04264> [unto the camp.]
Jabin <02985> [Jabin.]
coalition <07971> [he sent.]
Madon <04068> [Madon.]
The LXX. read [Mar¢n,] which, if legitimate, Calmet thinks may be the same as Maronia or Marath, in Phoenicia, to the north of mount Lebanon, ch. 12:19, 20; 19:15, 25.
Shimron <08110> [Shimron.]
Supposed to be the same with Symira, in Coele-Syria, joined to Maron or Marath by Pliny and Pomponius Mela.
Acshaph <0407> [Achshaph.]
Supposed by some to be the same as Achzib or Ecdippa; from which, however, it is distinguished in ch. 19:25, 29. It was in the northern part of the tribe of Asher.
northern <06828> [on the north.]
Kinnereth <03672> [Chinneroth.]
Jerome and others suppose this city to be same as was afterwards called Tiberias, now Tabaria, situated on the western shore of the lake of the same name.
[See on]
[Chinnereth.]
[Gennesaret. Dor.]
Jebusites <02983> [the Jebusite.]
Hivites <02340> [Hivite.]
Hermon <02768> [Hermon.]
area <0776> [land.]
sand <02344> [as the sand.]
kings <04428> [all these.]
gathered <03259> [met together. Heb. assembled by appointment. waters.]
This is what Josephus calls the lake Semechon, now called Bahr-el-Houl‚ (Lake Julius) between the head of the Jordan and the lake of Tiberias. According to Josephus it was seven miles long; and according to modern authorities, it is not above two miles broad, except at the north end, where it may be four.
afraid <03372> [Be not.]
[tomorrow.]
hamstring <06131> [hough.]
horses <05483> [horses.]
by surprise <06597> [suddenly.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
[great Zidon. or, Zidon-rabbah.]
Misrephoth <04956> [Misrephoth-maim. or, salt pits. Heb. burning of waters.]
hamstrung <06131> [he houghed.]
Hazor ........... Hazor <02674> [Hazor.]
breathed remained <05397 03498> [any left to breathe. Heb. any breath.]
royal cities ..... kings <05892 04428> [all the.]
Moses <04872> [as Moses.]
mounds <08510> [in their. Heb. on their heap.]
The Vulgate, Syriac, Onkelos and Waterland render {Æ’l tillom,} "on their hills." As the cities of the plain might be easily attacked and carried, Joshua destroyed them; but as those on mountains, hills, or other eminences, might be retained by him with little trouble, prudence would dictate their preservation.
goods <07998> [the spoil.]
live <07604> [neither.]
Lord's .......................... Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
Moses ............................... Moses <04872> [so did Moses.]
Joshua ... Joshua did <03091 06213> [and so did Joshua.]
did ... ignore ..... commands <05493 01697> [he left nothing. Heb. removed nothing.]
land ........... land <0776> [all that land.]
hill country ............... hill country <02022> [hills.]
land ........... land <0776> [the land.]
hill country ............... hill country <02022> [the mountain.]
Mount Halak ................ Mount <02510 02022> [the mount Halak. or, the smooth mountain. that goeth.]
Seir <08165> [Seir.]
kings <04428> [all their.]
quite ... time <07227 03117> [a long time.]
Caleb was forty years old when sent from Kadesh-barnea to spy the land, and he was eighty-five at the conclusion of this war. (ch. 14:10.) Almost thirty-nine years of this time were spent before Israel passed Jordan; which leaves between six and seven for the term of Joshua's wars.
Hivites <02340> [the Hivites.]
Lord <03068> [it was.]
Lord <03068> [as the Lord.]
Anakites <06062> [the Anakims.]
Joshua ........................ Joshua annihilated <03091 02763> [Joshua destroyed.]
Gaza <05804> [only in Gaza.]
Ashdod <0795> [Ashdod.]
Lord <03068> [according to all.]
portions <04256> [according to their.]
land .................. land <0776> [And the land.]
Nehemiah 9:24-25
descendants <01121> [So the.]
subdued <03665> [thou subduedst.]
pleased <07522> [as they would. Heb. according to their will.]
fortified <01219> [strong.]
fertile land <0127 08082> [a fat land.]
wells <0953> [wells. or, cisterns. fruit trees. Heb. trees of food. did eat.]
fat <08080> [and became fat.]
They became effeminate, fell under the power of luxury, got totally corrupted in their manners, sinned against all the mercies of God, and then were destroyed by His judgments.
enjoyed <05727> [delighted.]
Psalms 78:54-55
brought <0935> [And he.]
right hand <03225> [his right.]
[cost.]
assigned <05307> [divided.]
tribes <07626> [and made.]
Psalms 105:44
handed <05414> [gave.]
took possession <03423> [inherited.]
produced <05999> [the labour.]
That is, "the produce of their labour;" the cities and houses they had built, the vineyards they had planted, etc.
Acts 7:45
that <3739> [Which.]
brought <1237 1521> [that came after. or, having received. Jesus.]
[Joshua.]
that <3739> [whom.]
until <2193> [unto.]
Acts 13:19
After ... had destroyed <2507> [when.]
of Canaan <5477> [Chanaan.]
[Canaan. he divided.]
