2 Kings 13:1--16:20
twenty-third year ......................... years <06242 08141 07969> [three and twentieth year. Heb. twentieth year, and third year.]
Jehoahaz <03059> [Jehoahaz.]
<03212> [A.M. 3148-3156. B.C. 856-839. followed. Heb. walked after.]
handed <05414> [and he delivered.]
Hazael ...... Hazael's <02371> [Hazael.]
Ben Hadad <01130> [Ben-hadad.]
years <03117> [all their days.]
Rather "all his days;" for Joash son of Jehoahaz delivered Israel from Ben-hadad.
Jehoahaz <03059> [Jehoahaz.]
Lord's ..... Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
saw <07200> [he saw.]
king <04428> [because the king.]
deliverer <03467> [a saviour.]
This saviour was undoubtedly Joash, whose successful wars are subsequently detailed. Houbigant recommends to read the seventh verse after the fourth.
more <08032> [before-time. Heb. yesterday and third day.]
repudiate <05493> [departed.]
continued ... those <01980> [walked. Heb. he walked.]
standing <05975> [and there remained. Heb. and there stood.]
fifty horsemen <06571 02572> [fifty horsemen.]
king <04428> [the king.]
dust <06083> [like the dust.]
rest <03499> [the rest.]
[See on]
buried ... Samaria <06912 08111> [A.M. 3165. B.C. 839. buried him.]
Joash <03101> [Joash.]
[Jehoash. reigned in his stead.]
"Alone."
thirty-seventh <07970> [In the thirty.]
Joash, the son of Jehoahaz, was associated with his father in the government two years before his death. It is this association that is spoken of here. Joash reigned sixteen years which include the years he reigned conjointly with his father.
Jehoash <03060> [began Jehoash.]
"In consort with his father. ch. 14:1."
repudiate <05493> [he departed.]
rest <03499> [A.M. 3163-3179. B.C. 841-825. the rest.]
accomplishments <01369> [his might.]
passed away <07901> [slept.]
Jeroboam <03379> [Jeroboam.]
buried <06912> [was buried.]
terminal <02470> [A.M. 3166. B.C. 838. fallen sick.]
<04191> [he died.]
father ... father <01> [O my father.]
Aim ......... placed ... hands ..... hands <07392 03027 07760> [Put thine hand. Heb. make thine hand to ride. Elisha.]
Open ....... did so <06605> [Open.]
arrow <02671> [The arrow.]
This was a symbolical action, indicative of the deliverance of Israel from Syria. It was an ancient custom to shoot an arrow or cast a spear into a country before the commencement of hostilities.
Aphek <0663> [Aphek.]
Strike ..... struck <05221> [Smite.]
Strike ..... struck .... three <07969 05221> [he smote thrice.]
prophet <0430 0376> [the man of God.]
angry <07107> [was wroth.]
struck ........... annihilated ....... defeat <05221> [now thou shalt.]
buried ... raiding parties <06912 01416> [A.M. 3167. B.C. 837. buried him.]
raiding parties <01416> [the bands.]
Moabite <04124> [the Moabites.]
<03212> [was let down. Heb. went down. touched.]
Hazael <02371> [A.M. 3148-3165. B.C. 856-839. Hazael.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
extended <06437> [had respect.]
because .... promise <01285 04616> [because of his covenant.]
remove ..... presence <07993 06440> [neither cast he.]
presence <06440> [presence. Heb. face.]
Hazael <02371> [Hazael.]
took back ............. taken .............. recovered <03947 07725> [A.M. 3168. B.C. 836. took again. Heb. returned and took.]
Three times.
Joash ..... Joash's <03101> [A.M. 3165. B.C. 839. Joash.]
reign ........... Amaziah <04427 0558> [reigned Amaziah.]
did ............... example <06213> [A.M. 3165-3194. B.C. 839-810. he did.]
did ............... example ..... Joash <06213 03101> [he did according.]
high places ................ high places <01116> [the high places.]
executed ...... assassinated <05221> [A.M. 3166. B.C. 838. that he slew.]
servants <05650> [his servants.]
Fathers ........................ fathers <01> [The fathers.]
defeated <05221> [A.M. 3177. B.C.827. slew.]
Salt Valley <04417 01516> [the valley of salt.]
Some suppose that the Valley of Salt was south of the Dead, or Salt Sea, towards the land of Edom; and others suppose it to be the Valley of Salt, about three or four miles south-east of Palmyra, which now supplies, in a great measure, the surrounding country with salt.
Sela <05554> [Selah. or, the rock.]
{Selah} is generally supposed to be the same as {Petra,} which in Greek signifies a rock, the celebrated capital of Arabia Petr‘a. Strabo places it three or four days' journey from Jericho, and five days' journey from the forest of palm trees on the Red Sea. Pliny places it 600 miles from Gaza, and 125 from the Persian Gulf; but Cellarius and Reland very justly consider that the numbers have been changed, and that we ought to read 125 miles from Gaza, and 600 from the Persian Gulf. Eusebius places Beerothbenejaakan 30 miles west from Petra, and Elath ten miles east; and Burckhardt discovered the ruins of this ancient city in a valley called Wady Mousa.
Joktheel <03371> [Joktheel.]
Amaziah <0558> [A.M. 3178. B.C. 826. Amaziah.]
<03212> [Come.]
thornbush ................................. thorn <02336> [The thistle.]
The word {choach,} which is rendered here, and in 2 Ch 25:18; Job 31:18, thistle, in 1 Sa 13:6, thicket in Isa 34:13, bramble, and in 2 Ch 33:11; Pr 26:9; So 2:2; Ho 9:6 thorn, is probably the black thorn, or sloe tree, the {prunus spinosa} of Linn‘us, as the same word signifies in Arabic. There is a vast deal of insolent dignity in this remonstrance of Jehoash; but it has nothing conciliatory; no proposal of making amends for the injury his army had done to the unoffending inhabitants of Judah. (2 Ch 25:10-13.) The comparatively useless thorn, which may by chance lacerate the incautious passenger, is made the emblem of the house of Judah and David, while the house of Jehu is represented by the stately cedar.
head <03820> [thine heart.]
success ... stay <03513 03427> [glory of this.]
palace <01004> [home. Heb. thy house. why shouldest.]
Amaziah ................ Amaziah <0558> [Amaziah.]
Beth Shemesh <01053> [Beth-shemesh.]
defeated <05062> [was put to the worse. Heb. was smitten. they fled.]
captured ... Amaziah <08610 0558> [took Amaziah.]
Gate ... Ephraim ..... Gate <0669 08179> [the gate of Ephraim.]
Corner <06438> [the corner.]
gold <02091> [all the gold.]
hostages <01121> [and hostages.]
rest <03499> [A.M. 3163-3179. B.C. 841-825. the rest.]
Jehoash <03060> [A.M. 3179. B.C. 825. Jehoash.]
buried <06912> [was buried.]
Jeroboam <03379> [Jeroboam.]
Amaziah <0558> [A.M. 3179-3194. B.C. 825-810. Amaziah.]
plotted against <07194> [A.M. 3194. B.C. 810. they made.]
fled ... Lachish ....... him <03923 05127> [fled to Lachish.]
buried <06912> [he was buried.]
Azariah <05838> [Azariah.]
[Uzziah.]
[Ozias. made him king.]
Elat <0359> [Elath.]
Elath, the ’la or Elana of the Greek and Roman writers, was a celebrated port situated at the extremity of the eastern branch of the Red Sea, hence called the Elanitic Gulf, ten miles east from Petra, according to Eusebius, and 150 Roman miles from Gaza, according to Pliny, but 1,260 stadia, or 157 miles, according to Strabo and Marcianus Herecleota. It is now called Akaba, and is nothing but a tower or castle, surrounded by a large grove of date trees, the residence of a governor, dependent on him of Grand Cairo.
[Eloth.]
fifteenth <02568> [A.M. 3179-3220. B.C. 825-784. the fifteenth.]
Jeroboam <03379> [Jeroboam.]
reign <04427> [began to reign.]
"Now he begins to reign alone."
sight <05869> [in the sight.]
repudiate <05493> [he departed.]
<0935> [from the entering.]
sea <03220> [unto the sea.]
Jonah <03124> [Jonah.]
[Jonas. Gath-hepher.]
[Gittah-hepher.]
saw .... suffering <07200 06040> [saw the affliction.]
intense ... everyone ..... incapacitated <0657 06113> [not any shut.]
decreed ..... blot out <01696 04229> [said not.]
blot out <04229> [blot out.]
delivered <03467> [he saved.]
rest <03499> [the rest.]
Damascus <01834> [Damascus.]
<03063> [which belonged to Judah.]
These places belonged to Judah by David's conquest, (2 Sa 3:11,) but had been repossessed by the Syrians.
Zechariah <02148> [A.M. 3220. B.C. 784. Zachariah.]
Israel <04427> [reigned.]
"After an interregnum of eleven years."
twenty-seventh <06242> [A.M. 3194. B.C. 810. In the.]
twenty-seventh <06242> [twenty and seventy.]
"This is the twenty-seventh year of Jeroboam's partnership in the kingdom with his father, who made him consort at his going to the Syrian wars. It is the sixteenth year of Jeroboam's monarchy."
Azariah <05838> [Azariah.]
[Uzziah.]
high places ................ high places <01116> [the high places.]
Lord <03068> [A.M. 3239-3246. B.C. 765-758 the Lord.]
disease <06879> [so that.]
lived <03427> [and dwelt.]
Jotham <03147> [Jotham.]
ruled <08199> [judging.]
Azariah's <05838> [Azariah.]
Dr. Kennicott complains loudly here of "the corruption in the name of this king of Judah, who is expressed by four different names in this chapter: Ozriah, Oziah, Ozrihu, and Ozihu. Our oldest Hebrew MS. relieves us here, by reading truly, in verses 1, 6, 7, Uzziah, where the printed text is differently corrupted. This reading is called true, 1. Because it is supported by the Syriac and Arabic versions in these three verses. 2. Because the printed text itself has it so in ver. 32 and 34 of this very chapter. 3. Because it is so expressed in the parallel place in Chronicles: and 4. Because it is not [Azarias,] Azarias, but [Ozias,] Ozias, (Uzziah) in St. Matthew's genealogy
recorded <03789> [they not written.]
[A.M. 3246. B.C. 758.]
[Uzziah.]
thirty-eighth <07970> [A.M. 3231. B.C. 773. the thirty.]
"There having been an interregnum for eleven years."
Zechariah <02148> [Zachariah.]
ancestors <01> [as his.]
assassinated <05221 06905> [A.M. 3232. B.C. 772. smote him.]
"As prophesied. Am 7:9."
king <04191 04427> [slew him.]
fulfillment .... word <01697> [A.M. 3120. B.C. 884. the word.]
[Thy son.]
[And so.]
Uzziah's <05818> [A.M. 3232. B.C. 772. Uzziah.]
[Azariah.]
[Ozias. a full month. Heb. a month of days.]
Tirzah <08656> [Tirzah.]
attacked <05221> [and smote.]
[Tiphzah.]
pregnant women <02030> [all the women.]
thirty-ninth <08672> [A.M. 3232-3243. B.C. 772-761. nine.]
Pul ........... him <06322> [A.M. 3233. B.C. 771. Pul.]
Prideaux supposes that this Pul was the father of the famous Sardanapalus, who was called Sardan with his father's name Pul annexed, as was frequent in those times, making Sardanpul: thus Merodach, king of Babylon, was Merodach-Baladan, because he was the son Baladan. This Pul began to reign according to Usher, A.M. 3237, the fifth year of Menahem; and he is supposed to be the same that reigned in Nineveh, when Jonah preached in that city.
Menahem <04505> [Menahem.]
solidify <02388> [to confirm.]
Menahem <04505> [Menahem.]
got <03318> [exacted. Heb. caused to come forth. the mighty.]
each one <0259 0376> [of each man, etc.]
Or, rather, as Bishop Patrick renders, "to give to the king of Assyria fifty shekels of silver for each man," i.e., in his army. It may be supposed, that Menahem compelled "the mighty men of wealth" to give much more a-piece than this sum, (somewhat about 5Å“. sterling each) and each of them in some proportion to his affluence.
stay ..... land <05975 0776> [stayed not.]
[A.M. 3232-3243. B.C. 772-761.]
year ..................... years <08141> [A.M. 3243. B.C. 761. and reigned two years.]
[A.M. 3243-3245. B.C. 761-759.]
Pekah <06492> [A.M. 3245. B.C. 759. Pekah.]
officer <07991> [a captain.]
conspired <07194> [conspired.]
Argob <0709> [with Argob.]
From the contstruction of the Hebrew text, it would appear that Argob and Arieh were slain with the king, and that the fifty Gileadites were conspirators with Pekah.
<08147> [A.M. 3245-3265. B.C. 759-739. the two.]
Pekah <06492> [Pekah.]
evil <07451> [evil.]
Tiglath-pileser <08407> [Tiglath-pileser.]
Some suppose Tiglath-pileser to be the son of Sardanapalus: but the learned Prideaux makes him the same as Arbaces the Mede, called by ’lian, Thelgamus, and by Castor, Ninus Junior, who, with Belesis, headed the conspiracy against Sardanapalus, and fixed his royal seat at Nineveh, as Belesis, called in Scripture Baladan (Is 39:1), did his at Babylon. He reigned nineteen years, from A.M. 3257 to A.M. 3276.
[Tiglath-pilneser.]
Ijon <05859> [Ijon.]
Abel Beth Maacah <062> [Abel-beth-maachah.]
Janoah <03239> [Janoah.]
[Janohah. Kedesh.]
Hazor <02674> [Hazor.]
Gilead <01568> [Gilead.]
Galilee <01551> [Galilee.]
deported <01540> [carried them.]
conspired against <07194> [A.M. 3265. B.C. 739. made.]
assassinated <05221> [and smote.]
king <04427> [reigned.]
"After an anarchy for some years."
twentieth <06242> [in the twentieth.]
"In the fourth year of Ahaz, in the twentieth year after Jotham had begun to reign."--Usher.
Jotham <03147> [A.M. 3246. B.C. 758. Jotham.]
Jotham <03147> [Jotham. Uzziah.]
[Azariah.]
Jerusha <03388> [A.M. 3246-3262. B.C. 758-742. Jerusha.]
[Jerushah.]
father <01> [according.]
high places ................ high places <01116> [Howbeit.]
Upper Gate <05945 08179> [the higher gate.]
rest <03499> [the rest.]
days <03117> [A.M. 3262. B.C. 742. In those days.]
"At the end of Jotham's reign." This Jotham died at forty-one. He was too great a blessing to be continued long to such an unworthy people. His death was a judgment, especially considering the character of Ahaz, his son and successor: for we read, (16:3) Ahaz made his son pass through the fire. This son may have been Hezekiah, who served the Lord, and whose prayer in sickness was most graciously herd and answered.
prompted <02490> [began.]
prompted <07971> [to send.]
Rezin <07526> [Rezin.]
Pekah <06492> [Pekah.]
Jotham <03147> [Jotham.]
Ahaz <0271> [Ahaz.]
[Achaz.]
seventeenth <07651> [seventeenth.]
Ahaz <0271> [Ahaz.]
do ... pleased <06213 03477> [did not.]
<03212> [he walked.]
son .................... Israelites <01121> [made his son.]
horrible <08441> [according.]
hills <01389> [on the hills.]
Rezin <07526> [A.M. 3262. B.C. 742. Rezin.]
unable ... conquer <03201 03898> [but could not.]
recovered <07725> [recovered.]
Elat ......... there ..... Elat <0359> [Elath. Heb. Eloth.]
Tiglath-pileser <08407> [Tiglath-pileser. Heb. Tilgath-pileser.]
[Tilgath-pilneser. I am thy servant.]
rescue <03467> [and save.]
silver <03701> [the silver.]
royal .......... king <04428> [to the king.]
attacked <05927> [A.M. 3264. B.C. 740. went up.]
[Foretold.]
Damascus <01834> [Damascus. Heb. Dammesek. Kir.]
Josephus informs us that this place was in Upper Media; and it is clear that it must be understood of some city or country in the dominions of the king of Assyria. It is highly probable that it was the country on the banks of the river [Kuros,] Cyrus, or Kyrus, now called Kur, or Kura; and we find cities called Cyropolis, Cyrena, and Carine, mentioned by writers as lying in these parts, and a part of Media, called Syromedia, as it is thought, from the Syrians who were carried captive thither.
executed Rezin <07526 04191> [slew Rezin.]
saw ... altar .............. altar <04196 07200> [saw an altar.]
blueprint <08403> [the pattern.]
built ... altar <01129 04196> [built an altar.]
Uriah .................. Uriah <0223> [Urijah.]
approached <07126> [approached.]
offered <05927> [offered thereon.]
offered <06999> [he burnt.]
peace offerings <08002> [of his peace-offerings. Heb. of the peace-offerings which were his.]
bronze <05178> [the brasen.]
altar ................ altar ................ altar <04196> [the altar.]
morning <01242> [the morning.]
King .............. burnt sacrifice ....... royal burnt sacrifices ...... burnt sacrifice .................... burnt sacrifice <04428 05930> [the king's burnt.]
<01239> [for me to enquire by.]
took off <07112> [A.M. 3265. B.C. 739. cut off.]
frames <04526> [borders.]
Sea <03220> [sea.]
awning <04329> [the covert.]
There are a great number of conjectures concerning this covert; but it is probable that it was either, as Locke supposes, a sort of shelter or canopy erected for the people on the sabbath when the crowd was too great for the porch to contain them; or, as Dr. Geddes supposes, a seat, covered with a canopy, placed on an elevation, for the king and his court, when they attended public worship.
[A.M. 3262-3278. B.C. 742-726.]
buried <06912> [A.M. 3278. B.C. 726. buried.]
Hezekiah <02396> [Hezekiah.]
[Ezekias.]
