Leviticus 8:1--10:20
Aaron <0175> [Aaron.]
garments <0899> [garments.]
anointing <04888> [anointing.]
bull <06499> [bullock.]
Lord ... commanded .... done <06680 06213 03068> [Lord commanded to be done.]
washed <07364> [washed.]
put ................... put <05414> [he put.]
ephod ................. ephod <0646> [the ephod.]
The {ephod} seems to have been a garment worn by persons of distinction of various characters (2 Sa 6:4); the description of which in the book of Exodus (ch. 28:6, etc.) relates only to its materials. As to its shape, the LXX. calls it [ep¢mis,] which signifies that it was worn on the shoulders. So also Josephus, who says it was a cubit long. St. Jerome compares it with the Roman {caracalla,} which was a sort of short cloak, only that it had a head or hood, which the ephod had not.
[the breast plate.]
Urim <0224> [the Urim.]
Moses .......................... Moses <04872> [Moses.]
tunics <03801> [coats.]
The {kethoneth,} or coat, was made of linen; but the form of it is no where described in Scripture, except in the visionary appearance of Christ to St. John, in the form and habit of a priest (Re 1:13); where he is said to be [endedumenos podere,] "clothed with a garment down to the feet," which perfectly agrees with the description the Jewish writers give of it; who also say, that it had sleeves which came down to the wrist, and was tied about the neck; so that it was not unlike a long shirt. It was common to all the priests; but the tunic of the high priest was made of finer linen, or wove in a more curious manner. (Ex 28:4.)
clothed .......... wrapped <03847 02280> [put. Heb. bound. bonnets.]
The {migba“th}, or bonnets, are described by Josephus as being like helmets of linen, one wreath being plaited and folded over another and a thin cap, suited to its shape, put over all, to prevent its unfolding.
near <05066> [he brought.]
his ... laid their hands <05564> [laid.]
slaughtered ... Moses <07819 04872> [he slew it.]
Moses <04872> [Moses.]
atonement <03722> [to make.]
The beginning of this verse may be rendered, "And Moses slew it, and took the blood," etc. We find it expressly said in Exodus, that Moses slew the sacrifices. .# Ex 29:11 Yet, in general, the offerer seems to have killed his own sacrifice.
soothing aroma <07381 05207> [a sweet savour.]
ram ... ram ... ordination ............... ram <0352 04394> [the ram of consecration.]
"The ram of consecration" was evidently a sacrifice of peace offering though presented on a particular occasion. Part of the blood was applied, not as that of the sin offering, to the horns of the altar, but to Aaron and his sons; to the tips of their right ears, the thumbs of their right hands, and the great toes of their right feet: implying their obligation to hearken diligently to the word of God--to do his work in the best manner which they could, and to walk in his ways with steady perseverance; and also, that they could not do these things acceptably except through the atoning blood, received and applied by faith. Then part of the blood reserved upon the altar, probably in a basin for that purpose, was mingled with the holy anointing oil, and sprinkled on the garments both of Aaron and his sons, to hallow them to the Lord. "This may be looked upon as a lively representation of our purification by the blood of Jesus Christ, through his Holy Spirit."--Bp. Patrick
Moses ... took <03947 04872> [Moses took.]
Moses ......................... Moses splashed <02236 04872> [Moses sprinkled.]
Aaron <0175> [upon Aaron's.]
waved <05130> [and waved.]
Moses <04872> [Moses.]
ordination <04394> [they were.]
anointing <04888> [the anointing.]
consecrated <06942> [and sanctified.]
Boil <01310> [Boil.]
eat ..... bread ..................... eat <0398 03899> [eat it.]
seven days .... day .... days ............. seven-day period <03117 07651> [seven days.]
Tent <0168> [the tabernacle.]
keep <08104> [keep.]
Aaron <0175> [Aaron.]
This was necessary to be added, to show the exact fulfilment of the commandments delivered to Moses, and which are recorded in Exodus, ch. 29; and consequently the complete consecration and preparation of Aaron and his sons to fill the awfully important office of priests and mediators between God and the children of Israel, to offer sacrifices, and make atonement for the sins of the people.
On ... eighth day <03117 08066> [the eighth day.]
Not on the eighth day of the month, but on the first day after their consecration, which occupied seven days, and before which they were deemed unfit to minister in holy things, being considered in a state of imperfection. All creatures, for the most part, were considered as in a state of uncleanness and imperfection, seven days, and perfected on the eighth. (see ch. 12:2, 3; 14:8-10; 15:13, 14; 22:27; Nu 6:9, 10.)
bull <01241> [a young.]
ram <0352> [and a ram.]
Take ... male <03947 08163> [Take ye.]
male <08163> [a kid.]
As the offering here is a kid, which was the sacrifice of the sin of the ruler, some think that the reading of the Samaritan and the LXX. is to be preferred: "Speak unto the Elders of Israel."
calf <05695> [a calf.]
Israelites ................ a <01121> [both.]
ox <07794> [a bullock.]
grain offering <04503> [and a meat.]
today <03117> [to-day.]
congregation <05712> [and all the congregation.]
glory <03519> [and the glory.]
make ... sin offering ..................... make <06213 02403> [offer thy.]
make ........................ make .... offering <06213 07133> [offer the.]
fat <02459> [the fat.]
Lord <03068> [as the Lord.]
regulation <04941> [manner. or, ordinance.]
grain offering <04503> [the meat.]
filled ... hand <03709 04390> [took an handful thereof. Heb. filled his hand out of it. beside.]
sacrifices <02077> [a sacrifice.]
set <07760> [they put.]
smoke <06999> [burnt.]
breasts <02373> [the breasts.]
Moses ... commanded <04872 06680> [as Moses commanded.]
The Samaritan text, and thirty MSS. have, {kaasher tzivvah yehowah eth Moshe,} "as Jehovah commanded Moses;" which is also the reading of the LXX., Arabic, and Targum of Onkelos, and seems to be the true reading, being supported, not only by these authorities, but by the whole chapter itself.'
hands <03027> [his hand. or, as the Greek has it, "his hands."]
Menachem gives reason why it is written hand, to signify the right hand, because that was lifted up higher than the left. The lifting up of the hand was a gesture used in speaking, and signifying any weighty thing, Isa 49:22; and particularly in swearing, Ge 14:22; praying, Ps 28:2; and blessing, either of God, Ps 134:2, or of men, as in this place. Paul, speaking of prayer, uses the phrase, "lifting up holy hands;" as also David: "Let the lifting up of my hands be as the evening sacrifice."
out <03318> [came out.]
glory <03519> [the glory.]
fire ... out <0784 03318> [there came a fire.]
These victims were consumed by a fire of no human kindling. Josephus says that "a fire proceeded from the victims themselves, of its own accord, which had the appearance of a flash of lightning, and consumed all that was upon the altar."
shouted <07442> [they shouted.]
Nadab <05070> [Nadab.]
fire pan <04289> [censer.]
set incense <07004 07760> [put incense.]
strange <02114> [strange.]
commanded <06680> [which.]
Bp. Hall says, "It is a dangerous thing, in the service of God, to decline from his institutions; we have to do with a God, who is wise to prescribe his own worship--just to require what he has prescribed--and powerful to avenge what he has not prescribed."
fire <0784> [fire.]
died <04191> [they died.]
This fire, which destroyed the sacrificers, came from the same source with that which had consumed the sacrifices.
[See ch.]
Note. They died.--The wages of sin is death.--They died suddenly--they died before the Lord; that is, before the vail that covered the mercy-seat.--They died by fire, as by fire they sinned. The fire did not burn them to ashes, as it had done the sacrifices, nor so much as singe their coats, (ver. 5) but struck them dead in an instant. By these different effects of the same fire, we learn that it was no common fire, but kindled by the breath of the Almighty. .# Isa 30:33
holy ............. honored <06942 03513> [I will be.]
presence <06440> [before.]
Aaron ................................ Aaron <0175> [Aaron.]
Uzziel <05816> [Uzziel.]
carry <05375> [carry.]
dishevel <06544> [Uncover.]
wrath <07107> [lest wrath.]
out <03318> [ye shall.]
anointing <04888> [the anointing.]
drink <08354> [Do not.]
strong drink <07941> [strong drink.]
The Hebrew {shecher,} Arabic {sakar,} or {sukr,} Greek [sikera,] from {shachar,} to inebriate, signifies any kind of fermented and inebriating liquor beside wine. So St. Jerome informs us, that {sicera} in Hebrew denotes any inebriating liquor, whether made of corn, the juice of apples, honey, dates, or any other fruit. These different kinds of liquors are described by Pliny, who calls then {vina factitia}. One of the four prohibited drinks among the Mohammedans in India is called {sakar,} which denotes inebriating liquor in general, but especially date wine.
statute <02708> [it shall be.]
Take <03947> [Take.]
most holy <06944> [for it is most.]
eat <0398> [ye shall.]
commanded <06680> [for so I.]
thigh .... contribution <07785 08641> [heave shoulder.]
perpetual <05769> [for ever.]
male goat <08163> [the goat.]
angry <07107> [angry.]
eat <0398> [Wherefore.]
bear <05375> [to bear.]
blood <01818> [the blood.]
commanded <06680> [as I commanded.]
today .............................. today <03117> [this day.]
pleased <03190> [should.]
explanation <03190> [he was content.]
