Numbers 4:4-16
camp <04264> [And when.]
Aaron ...... come <0175 0935> [Aaron shall come.]
The law prohibiting any person, except the high priest on one day in the year, to enter into the most holy place, must have admitted an exception while the Israelites were in the wilderness: that exception, therefore, is here expressly made; and the directions given respecting it must be religiously observed, or the service could not be safely performed. While the cloud rested on the tabernacle, the general rule was in force; but when it was removed, then the priests might enter to prepare the sacred vessels for removal.
down <03381> [they shall.]
cover <03680> [and cover.]
fine leather <05785 08476> [badgers' skins.]
This was not the covering of badgers' skins made for the tabernacle, which was carried by the Gershonites, (ver. 24, 25,) but one made for the purpose of concealing and sheltering the ark when it was to be carried.
cloth <0899> [a cloth.]
put ...................... insert <05414 07760> [and shall put.]
{Wesamoo baddaiv,} rather, "and adjust the staves thereof;" i.e., dispose them rightly under the covering, that they might be laid on their shoulders: for the staves were never taken out of the rings.
poles <0905> [the staves.]
table <07979> [the table.]
pouring <05262> [cover withal. or, pour out withal. the continual.]
The Israelites, without doubt, were able to procure corn enough from the adjacent countries, even when in the wilderness, to make the shewbread, and to present the daily meat offerings.
The embers of the sacred fire seem to have been removed in the grate, which was carried apart from the brazen altar; both being covered from view by purple cloths.
implements ..... serve ............... utensils <03627 08334> [all the vessels thereof.]
basins <04219> [basons. or, bowls.]
sons .................. ready ...... Kohathites ......................... Kohathites <0310 01121> [after that.]
touch <05060> [they shall.]
responsibilities <04853> [These things.]
responsibility .................................. responsibility <06486> [the office.]
Eleazar himself, perhaps with the other priests, was required to carry the oil for the light, the incense, and the flour for the daily meat offering, and the holy ointment; besides superintending the Levites. It may be supposed, that he himself carried no more of the oil than for present use. (see ver. 9.)
oil ................. oil <08081> [the oil.]
spiced <05561> [the sweet.]
daily <08548> [the daily.]
anointing <04888> [the anointing.]
responsibility .................................. responsibility <06486> [the oversight.]
Exodus 25:10-40
ark <0727> [an ark.]
{Aron} denotes a chest, or coffer, in general; but is applied particularly to the chest or ark in which the testimony or two tables of the covenant were laid up; on the top of which was the propitiatory or mercy seat; and at the end of which were the cherubim of gold; between whom the visible sign of the presence of God appeared as seated upon his throne.
atonement lid <03727> [mercy seat.]
two cherubim ... gold ............ two <08147 03742 02091> [two cherubims of gold.]
atonement lid <03727> [of the. or, of the matter of the.]
cherubim ..... spreading .............. cherubim <03742 06566> [cherubims shall.]
overshadowing <05526> [covering.]
atonement lid ................ atonement lid <03727> [toward.]
atonement lid <03727> [mercy seat.]
ark ..... ark <0727> [in.]
speak <01696> [and I will.]
between <0996> [between.]
table <07979> [a table.]
acacia wood <06086 07848> [shittim wood.]
{Shittim} wood is probably the acacia Nilotica. St. Jerome says, that the {shittim} wood grows in the deserts of Arabia, and is like white thorn, as to its colour and leaves; but the tree is so large as to furnish very long planks. The wood is hard, tough, and extremely beautiful. It is thought he means the black acacia, because that is the most common tree in the deserts of Arabia. It is of the size of a large mulberry tree. The spreading branches and larger limbs are armed with thorns, which grow three together. The bark is rough; and the leaves are oblong, standing opposite each other. The flowers, though sometimes white, are generally of a bright yellow; and the fruit, which resembles a bean, is contained in pods like those of the lupin. "The acacia," says Dr. Shaw, "being by much the largest and most common tree in the deserts," (Arabia Petr‘a,) we have some reason to conjecture that the {shittim} wood was the wood of the acacia, especially as its flowers are of an excellent smell; for the {shittah} tree is, in Isa 41:19, joined with the myrtle and other fragrant shrubs. It may be remarked, that of the two Hebrew names, {shittim} is masculine, and {shittah} feminine. So Mr. Bruce says, "the male is called {saiel;} from it proceeds the {gula} Arabic, on incision with an axe."
frame ............... border ... gold .... frame <02091 02213 04526> [a golden crown to the border.]
four rings ... gold ....... rings .... four ..... four <02885 02091 0702> [four rings of gold.]
provide ..... poles <0905 01004> [for places of the staves.]
table <07979> [the table.]
plates <07086> [the.]
pouring out <05258> [to cover. or, to pour out.]
lampstand ...... lampstand <04501> [a candlestick.]
buds <03730> [his knops.]
almond .................. almond <08246> [like unto.]
Three .................. three <07969> [and three.]
hammered <04749> [beaten.]
seven <07651> [seven.]
set .... up on <05927> [they shall.]
set .... up on ....... give light <05927 0215> [light. or, cause to ascend. give.]
front <06440> [it. Heb. the face of it.]
trimmers <04457> [the tongs.]
trays <04289> [snuff dishes.]
make <06213> [that thou make.]
sure ........... shown .... mountain <02022 07200> [was shewed thee in the mount. Heb. thou wast caused to see in the mount.]
Exodus 31:1--35:29
chosen <07121> [I have.]
Bezalel <01212> [Bezaleel.]
filled <04390> [filled.]
Spirit ... God <0430 07307> [the spirit of God.]
{Ruach Elohim,} rather, "a spirit of God;" which is a usual Hebraism, signifying "an excellent spirit;" or, as we should now say, "a distinguished genius for the work he had to perform." No man, by course of reading or study, ever acquired a genius of any kind: we call it natural, and say it was born with the man: Moses teaches us to consider it divine. The prophet Isaiah, (ch. 28:24-29,) pointedly refers to this sort of teaching as coming from God, even in the most common and less difficult arts of life. Dark as the heathens were, yet they acknowledged that all talents and the seeds of all arts came from God.
given ............... given <05414> [I have given.]
Oholiab <0171> [Aholiab.]
specially skilled <03820 02450> [wise hearted.]
make <06213> [that they.]
tent ..................... tent <0168> [tabernacle.]
ark <0727> [ark.]
furnishings <03627> [furniture. Heb. vessels.]
table <07979> [the table.]
pure lampstand <04501 02889> [pure candlestick.]
altar <04196> [the altar.]
altar <04196> [the altar.]
basin <03595> [the laver.]
anointing <04888> [the anointing.]
sweet incense <07004 05561> [sweet incense.]
Surely <0389> [Verily.]
sign <0226> [a sign.]
know <03045> [that ye may.]
keep <08104> [keep.]
[everyone.]
does <06213> [doeth.]
Six days .......... day ................... day <08337 03117> [Six days.]
Sabbath ............... Sabbath <07676> [the sabbath.]
holy <06944> [holy. Heb. holiness. whosoever.]
perpetual covenant <01285 05769> [a perpetual covenant.]
sign <0226> [a sign.]
six days ........... on .... day <03117 08337> [six days.]
refreshed <05314> [and was refreshed.]
God, in condescension to human weakness, applies to himself here what belongs to man; though it may refer to the delight and satisfaction with which he contemplated the completion of all his works, and pronounced them very good.
gave <05414> [gave.]
finger <0676> [the finger.]
delayed <0954> [A.M. 2513. B.C. 1491. An. Ex. Is. 1. Ab. delayed.]
Get up ....................... land <06965 0776> [Up.]
make <06213> [make.]
<03212> [which shall.]
man <0376> [the man.]
know <03045> [we wot.]
<06696> [fashioned.]
engraving tool <02747> [a graving.]
calf <05695> [calf.]
gods <0430> [These.]
brought ... up <05927> [which brought.]
Aaron ........... Aaron <0175> [Aaron.]
proclamation <07121> [made proclamation.]
feast <02282> [a feast.]
offered <05927> [offered.]
sat .... eat <03427 0398> [sat down.]
No doubt at this feast they sacrificed after the manner of the Egyptians.
<03212> [Go.]
people <05971> [thy people.]
corruptly <07843> [corrupted.]
They ..... aside <05493> [have turned.]
commanded <06680> [which I.]
gods <0430> [These be.]
seen <07200> [I have seen.]
stiff-necked <07186> [a stiff-necked.]
leave <03240> [let me alone.]
anger <0639> [my wrath.]
make <06213> [and I will.]
sought <02470> [besought.]
Lord ... God ..... Lord <03068 0430> [the Lord his God. Heb. the face of the Lord. why doth.]
out <03318> [which thou.]
<04714> [should.]
Turn .... burning <07725 02740> [Turn from.]
relent <05162> [repent.]
Remember <02142> [Remember.]
swore <07650> [to whom.]
multiply <07235> [I will multiply.]
turned <06437> [turned.]
testimony <05715> [the testimony.]
written ....... written <03789> [written.]
Joshua had waited patiently during all the forty days, in the place where Moses had left him--below the summit of the mount, at a distance from the people, and out of the way of temptation.
Joshua <03091> [Joshua.]
shouted <07452> [they shouted.]
noise ............... sound <06963> [There is a noise.]
overcome <02476> [being overcome. Heb. weakness. but the.]
saw <07200> [he saw.]
dancing <04246> [the dancing.]
angry <0639> [anger.]
broke ....... bottom <07665 08478> [brake them.]
took ... calf <05695 03947> [took the calf.]
How truly contemptible must the object of their idolatry appear, when they were obliged to drink their god, reduced to powder, and strewed on the water! Some have asked, how gold, the most ductile and ponderous of all metals, could have been stamped into dust, and strewed on the water. In De 9:21, this is fully explained. I took, says Moses, your sin, the calf which ye had made, and burnt it with fire; that is, melted it down, probably into ingots or gross plates, and stamped it, beat it into thin lamin‘, something like our gold leaf, and ground it very small, even until it was as small as dust, which might be very easily done by the action of the hands, when beat into thin plates or leaves as the original words {ekkoth,} and {dak,} imply.
Israelites <01121> [made the.]
know <03045> [knowest.]
evil <07451> [that they are.]
gave <05414> [So they.]
running <06544> [naked.]
The term naked may mean either that they were unarmed and defenceless, or ashamed from the consciousness of guilt.
Aaron <0175> [Aaron.]
derision <08103> [shame.]
get <06965> [their enemies. Heb. those that rose up against them.]
Lord <03068> [Who is on.]
man ..................... each ... kill ..... friend <0376 02026> [slay every man.]
Levites <01121> [children.]
died <05307> [there fell.]
Or, another reading of this verse is: And Moses said, Consecrate yourselves to-day to the Lord; because every man hath been against his son and against his brother, etc.
Moses <04872> [Moses.]
consecrated <04390> [Consecrate. Heb. fill your hands.]
committed <02398> [Ye have.]
perhaps <0194> [peradventure.]
atonement <03722> [an atonement.]
returned <07725> [returned.]
committed <02398> [sinned.]
made <06213> [made.]
forgive <05375> [if thou.]
wipe ... out .... book <04229 05612> [blot me.]
Allusion may be made to the registry of births, in which those born of a particular tribe were entered in the list of their respective families under that tribe. This was the book of life; and when any died, his name might be considered as blotted out of this list. But as Moses addressed the Lord, he undoubtedly referred, by faith, to the book of God's remembrance.
sinned <02398> [sinned.]
book <05612> [my book.]
angel <04397> [mine Angel.]
day <03117> [the day.]
<03212> [Depart.]
up ........... up <05927> [thou hast.]
land ...... land <0776> [the land.]
Moses ................. land ...... land ....... Abraham .............. descendants <04872 0776 085 02233> [Unto.]
angel <04397> [an angel.]
Canaanite <03669> [the Canaanite.]
land <0776> [a land.]
go up <05927> [for I.]
stiff-necked <07186> [stiff-necked.]
destroy <03615> [lest I.]
mourned <056> [they mourned.]
one <0376> [and no.]
stiff-necked <07186> [Ye are.]
moment <07281 0259> [in a moment.]
off <03381> [put off.]
know <03045> [I may.]
tent .................... tent ............. tent <0168> [the tabernacle.]
{Eth haohel,} the Tent, not {eth hammishcan,} the Tabernacle, for this was not erected; but probably the tent of Moses, which was before in the midst of the camp, and to which the people came for judgment; and where, no doubt, God frequently met his servant. This situation, as well as the superior elegance, of a chief's tent, was one mode by which he was honoured.
distance <07368> [afar off.]
tent .................... tent ... meeting ........... tent ... meeting <0168 04150> [the Tabernacle of.]
seeking <01245> [sought.]
out <03318> [went out.]
stand <05324> [and stood.]
cloud <06051> [cloudy.]
speak <01696> [talked.]
worship <07812> [worshipped.]
speak ........... speaks <01696> [spake.]
friend <07453> [his friend.]
servant <08334> [his servant.]
See <07200> [See.]
know ............ know <03045> [I know.]
found .................... find <04672> [if.]
show ........ know <03045> [shew.]
found ...... show ........ know ........ find <03045 04672> [that I.]
see <07200> [consider.]
presence <06440> [My presence.]
rest <05117> [rest.]
<03212> [in that.]
distinguished <06395> [separated.]
do <06213> [I will do.]
requested ..... found <01696 04672> [thou hast.]
goodness <02898> [all my goodness.]
proclaim <07121> [proclaim.]
gracious ....... gracious <02603> [I will be.]
cannot see ........ see <03201 07200> [Thou canst not.]
This is well explained by Rabbi Jehudah, in Sepher Cosri, (P. iv. 3.) "Of that divine glory mentioned in the Scripture, there is one degree which the eyes of the prophets were able to explore; another which all the Israelites saw, as the cloud and consuming fire; the third is so bright, and so dazzling, that no mortal is able to comprehend it; but should anyone venture to look on it, his whole frame would be dissolved." In such inconceivable splendour is the Divine Majesty revealed to the inhabitants of the celestial world, where he is said to "dwell in the light which no man can approach unto." (1 Ti 6:16.) By the "face of God," therefore, we are to understand that light inaccessible before which angels may stand, but which would be so insufferable to mortal eyes, that no man could see it and live.
place ...... station <04725 05324> [place by.]
cleft <05366> [in a clift.]
cover you with ... hand <05526 03709> [cover thee.]
The rock on which Moses stood, and in the clift of which he was sheltered, was doubtless an emblem of Christ; in whose person, character, and salvation alone, sinners may by faith see the glory of God, and live; for there it appears in softened splendour; as the sun, when his brightness is diminished by a mist, is beheld more distinctly by the human eye.--Scott
see .......... seen <07200> [thou shalt.]
Cut <06458> [Hew.]
write <03789> [I will.]
words <01697> [the words.]
smashed <07665> [which.]
top <07218> [in the top.]
descended <03381> [descended.]
name <08034> [the name.]
passed <05674> [passed.]
proclaimed <07121> [proclaimed.]
Lord ......... Lord ... Lord <03068> [The Lord.]
compassionate <07349> [merciful.]
abounding <07227> [abundant.]
faithfulness <0571> [truth.]
keeping <05341> [Keeping.]
forgiving <05375> [forgiving.]
means ..... unpunished <05352> [that will by no means clear the guilty.]
The Hebrew {nakkeh lo yenakkeh,} has been rendered "Acquitting him who is not innocent." Nothing can more strongly express the goodness of God to frail mortals than this declaration, "which has been misunderstood and misinterpreted by all our translators."
responding <06485> [visiting.]
found <04672> [If now.]
Lord .... Lord <0136> [let my Lord.]
stiff-necked <07186> [stiff-necked.]
pardon <05545> [pardon.]
inheritance <05157> [take us.]
make <03772> [I make.]
do wonders ....................................... doing <06213 06381> [I will do marvels.]
fearful <03372> [a terrible.]
Obey <08104> [Observe.]
drive <01644> [I drive.]
careful <08104> [Take heed.]
make .................. snare <03772 04170> [lest.]
Rather ... must destroy ......... down <05422> [ye shall.]
images <04676> [images. Heb. statutes.]
worship <07812> [worship.]
name <08034> [whose.]
god ........ Jealous .... jealous God <0410 07067> [jealous God.]
make <03772> [make.]
prostitute <02181> [whoring.]
invites ..... eat <07121 0398> [call thee.]
eat <0398> [eat.]
firstborn .......... firstborn <06363> [openeth.]
firstling <06363> [firstling.]
lamb <07716> [lamb. or, kid. All the.]
appear <07200> [none.]
six <08337> [Six.]
plowing <02758> [earing.]
Feast ... Weeks ........... Feast <07620 02282> [feast of weeks.]
[year's end. Heb. revolution of the year.]
times <06471> [Thrice.]
God <0430> [the God.]
drive <03423> [I will.]
enlarge <07337> [enlarge.]
covet <02530> [desire.]
yeast <02557> [leaven.]
remain <03885> [be left.]
first <07225> [first.]
cook <01310> [seethe.]
Write <03789> [Write.]
I ... made <03772> [I have.]
forty days ... forty <0705 03117> [forty days.]
wrote <03789> [he wrote.]
words ....... commandments <01697> [commandments. Heb. words.]
two tablets <03871 08147> [A.M. 2513. B.C. 1491. An. Ex. Is. 1. Elul. Two tables.]
know <03045> [wist.]
skin <05785> [the skin.]
face shone <07160 06440> [face shone.]
As the original word {karan,} signifies to shine out, or dart forth, as horns on the head of an animal, or rays of light reflected from a polished surface, we may suppose that the heavenly glory which filled the soul of this holy man, darted out from his face in coruscations, in the manner in which light is generally represented. The Vulgate renders it, {et ignorabat quod cornuta esset facies sua,} "and he did not know that his face was horned;" which version, misunderstood, has induced painters to represent Moses with two very large horns, one proceeding from each temple!
afraid <03372> [afraid.]
called <07121> [called.]
Moses ................... Moses spoke <04872 01696> [and Moses talked.]
commanded <06680> [he gave.]
veil <04533> [a vail.]
remove <05493> [he took.]
things <01697> [These.]
do <06213> [do them.]
six days .......... day <08337 03117> [Six days.]
holy day <06944> [an holy day. Heb. holiness. whosoever.]
word <01697> [This is.]
everyone <03605> [whosoever.]
blue <08504> [blue.]
goat's <05795> [goats' hair.]
olive oil ......... oil <08081> [And oil.]
spices <01314> [spices.]
tabernacle <04908> [tabernacle.]
clasps <07165> [taches.]
{Keraism,} from {karas,} to bend, so called from their curved form; hooks, clasps, or any thing used for the purpose of fastening: the word taches is formed by aph‘resis from the French attacher, to fasten. They were equivalent, perhaps, to our hooks-and-eyes.
ark <0727> [ark.]
conceals <06532> [the vail.]
lampstand <04501> [candlestick.]
{Menorah,} rather, a chandelier, which was of pure gold, and is described as having one shaft, with six branches proceeding from it, adorned at equal distances with six flowers, like lilies, with as many bowls and knops placed alternately.
incense ........... incense <07004> [the incense.]
hanging <04539> [the hanging.]
altar <04196> [The altar.]
basin <03595> [the laver.]
hangings <07050> [The hangings.]
pegs ....... pegs <03489> [The pins.]
These, as Dr. Wall observes, were not particularly mentioned. Josephus says, that to every board of the tabernacle, and to every pillar of the hangings of the court, there were ropes or cords, fastened at the top of the board or pillar, and that the other end of the rope was fastened to a [passalos,] a nail, or pin, which, at a good distance off, was driven into the ground up to the head, a cubit deep. This was to keep the tabernacle from being blown down by the wind. Dr. Shaw, describing the tents of the Bedouins, says, "These tents are kept firm and steady by bracing or stretching down their eaves with cords tied to wooden hooked pins, well pointed, which they drive into the ground with a mallet; one of these pins answering to the nail, as the mallet does to the hammer, which Jael used in fastening to the ground the temples of Sisera." (Jud 4:21.)
garments .......... garments ........ garments <0899> [The cloths.]
holy .... holy <06944> [the holy.]
brooches <02397> [bracelets.]
{Chach,} either a hook or clasp to join garments together; {fibula,} as Montanus renders; or bracelets, which are hooked or clasped together; so Vulgate, {armillas.}
ornaments <03558> [tablets.]
{Kumoz,} as Bochart thinks, a kind of girdle, swathe, or zone.
everyone <0376> [every man.]
<04672> [whom.]
whose heart ........... that <0834 03820> [whose heart.]
Lord ................... Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
Exodus 37:1-24
poles <0905> [staves.]
gold <02091> [with gold.]
end ........ end <07098> [on the end. or, out of, etc. on the other end. or, out of, etc.]
cherubim ... spreading ............. cherubim <03742 06566> [cherubims spread.]
atonement lid ............. atonement lid <03727> [to the mercy seatward.]
Nothing but the ark of the covenant, with the mercy-seat, was put within the most holy place; but without the vail this "table of {shittim} wood" was fixed, of the same height as the ark, but neither so long nor so broad. It was made of the same materials as the ark, and with a golden cornice; but it had also another cornice below the edge, and one at the bottom, with a border between the two of a hand breadth; though some think one border only was below the edge, and that this was towards the bottom, to keep the feet or legs more closely united. The table also had rings and staves for the convenience of removing it. To it were annexed several vessels; as dishes, in which some think the shewbread was placed; or, according to others, the flour of which it was made, or the oil used for various purposes; spoons, which were employed about the incense offered on the golden altar, or carried within the vail in a censer on the day of atonement. Some have supposed the word to denote vials, as we read of vials full of odours and incense (Rev 5:3): covers, which seem to have been put over both the loaves and the incense, yet some suppose they were vessels used in drink-offerings; but that is more reasonably considered as the use of the bowls.
plates <07086> [dishes.]
pouring out <02004 05258> [cover withal. or, pour out withal.]
lampstand ... pure ...... lampstand <04501 02889> [the candlestick of.]
almond <08246> [almonds.]
one <0259> [were.]
hammered <04749> [beaten work.]
Exodus 39:33-42
tent <0168> [the tent.]
atonement lid <03727> [the mercy seat.]
Presence <06440> [the shewbread.]
lamps .... lamps <05216> [even with.]
fragrant incense <07004 05561> [sweet incense. Heb. the incense of sweet spice.]
garments ......... garments ........ garments <0899> [cloths.]
sanctuary ... holy <06944> [the holy.]
Lord <03068> [according.]
did <06213> [made.]
Exodus 40:2-16
month <02320 0259> [the first month.]
tabernacle <04908> [tabernacle.]
table <07979> [the table.]
things that belong on <06187> [the things that, etc. Heb. the order thereof.]
lampstand <04501> [the candlestick.]
altar <04196> [the altar.]
put <07760> [put.]
courtyard ............. courtyard <02691> [the court.]
anointing oil <04888 08081> [the anointing oil.]
sanctify <06942> [sanctify.]
[most holy. Heb. holiness of holiness.]
anoint .... sanctify <04886 06942> [anoint him.]
continue <05769> [everlasting.]
Lord <03068> [according.]
