Ezekiel 25:1--35:15
toward <06440> [thy face.]
Son ....... Ammonites <01121> [the Ammonites.]
Say .................... said <0559> [thou saidst.]
tribes <01121> [men. Heb. children.]
Josephus expressly states, that five years after the destruction of Jerusalem, Nebuchadnezzar turned his arms against the Ammonites and Moabites, and entirely subjugated them; and it is probable, that the Arabs, and other nations east of Judah, then took possession of their cities, and enjoyed the fruits of their land. The country of Moab and Ammon is now inhabited by the Bedouin Arabs; where they pasture their flocks, and, no doubt, make the ruins of Rabbah, their one proud capital, "a stable for camels," and other cattle. See Note on 2 Sa 12:26.
east <06924> [of the east.]
eat <0398> [they shall eat.]
Rabbah <07237> [Rabbah.]
[Rabbath.]
pasture <05116> [a stable.]
know <03045> [and ye.]
clapped <04222> [thou hast.]
hands <03027> [hands. Heb. hand. stamped.]
feet <07272> [feet. Heb. foot. rejoiced.]
intense <05315> [heart. Heb. soul.]
stretched <05186> [I will stretch.]
hand <05414> [and will.]
<0957> [a spoil. or, meat.]
Moab <04124> [Moab.]
Seir <08165> [Seir.]
house <01004> [the house.]
flank <03802> [side. or, shoulder. Beth-jeshimoth.]
Baal Meon <01186> [Baal-meon.]
Ammonites .... tribes ........ Ammonites <01121> [the men.]
Ammonites .... tribes ........ Ammonites <01121> [with the Ammonites. or, against the children of Ammon.]
remembered among <02142> [may.]
execute <06213> [I will.]
Moab <04124> [upon.]
know <03045> [and they.]
Edom <0123> [Because.]
vengeance ............... vengeance <05359 05358> [taking vengeance. Heb. revenging, revengement.]
stretch <05186> [I will also.]
kill <03772> [and will.]
Teman <08487> [Teman.]
Dedan .... die .... sword <05307 02719 01719> [of Dedan shall fall by the sword. or, shall fall by the sword unto Dedan.]
hand <03027> [by the hand.]
This was fulfilled by the Maccabees, who not only entirely subjugated them, but obliged them to receive circumcision.
experience <03045> [and they shall know.]
Philistines <06430> [Because.]
exacted <06213> [dealt.]
destroy <04889> [to destroy.]
unrelenting hostility <0342 05769> [for the old hatred. or, with perpetual hatred.]
stretch <05186> [I will stretch.]
These predictions against the Philistines, Edomites, and others, seem to have been fulfilled by by Nebuchadnezzar during the siege of Tyre. Berosus states that he subdued Syria, Arabia, Phoenicia, and Egypt; and now their very names have no existence, except in history.
Cherethites <03774> [Cherethims.]
[Cherethites. and destroy.]
seacoast <03220> [sea coasts. or, haven of the sea.]
exact <06213> [I will.]
vengeance .................... vengeance <05360> [vengeance. Heb. vengeances. they shall.]
Tyre <06865> [Tyrus.]
Aha <01889> [Aha.]
gateway <01817> [the gates.]
broken .... swung <07665 05437 02717> [she is.]
Tyre <06865> [Behold.]
These verses (3-6) contain a summary prediction of what befel both the continental and insular Tyre, during a long succession of ages. The former was totally destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar, after a siege of thirteen years, B.C. 573; and the latter, which arose out of its ruins, after seventy years recovered its ancient wealth and splendour, as foretold by Isaiah, (ch. 23:15-17.) After it was taken and burnt by Alexander, B.C. 332, it speedily recovered its strength and dignity, and nineteen years afterwards withstood both the fleets and armies of Antigonus. Agreeably to the prophetic declarations, (Ps 45:12; 72:10. Isa 23:18. Zec 9:1-7,) it was early converted to Christianity; and after being successively taken by the Saracens, Christians, Mamalukes, and Turks, in whose hands it still remains, it became "a place for the spreading of nets."
Tyre <06865> [I am.]
many <07227> [many.]
sea <03220> [as the sea.]
destroy <07843> [destroy.]
scrape <05500> [I.]
make <05414> [make.]
place where fishing .... spread <04894> [the spreading.]
plunder <0957> [and it.]
daughters <01323> [her daughters.]
know <03045> [and they.]
bring <0935> [I will.]
King ..... king ... kings <04428> [a king.]
horses <05483> [with horses.]
build <05414> [he shall make.]
erect ... siege ramp <05550 08210> [cast a mount. or, pour out the engine of shot.]
horses <08229> [the abundance.]
shake <07493> [shake.]
enters ....... invade <0935 03996> [enter.]
invade .... city's broken <03996 05892 01234> [as men enter into a city wherein is made a breach. Heb. according to the enterings of a city broken up.]
hoofs <06541> [hoofs.]
streets ...... people ....... strong <02351 05971 05797> [thy.]
steal <07997> [make a spoil.]
merchandise <07404> [thy merchandise.]
luxurious homes <02532 01004> [thy pleasant houses. Heb. houses of thy desire.]
[they shalt lay.]
The ruins of old Tyre contributed much to the taking of the new city; for with the stones, timber, and rubbish, Alexander built a bank, or causeway, from the continent to the island, thereby literally fulfilling the words of the prophet.
make <05414> [I will.]
Old Tyre was never rebuilt after its destruction by Nebuchadnezzar; and there are now no traces left to mark its site. The new city, when visited by Maundrell, Bruce, and other travellers, was literally "a place for fishers to dry their nets on."
bare <06706> [like.]
built <01129> [be built.]
Lord <03068> [for I.]
shake <07493> [shake.]
princes <05387> [all the princes.]
vacate <03381> [come.]
clothe <03847> [clothe.]
trembling <02731> [trembling. Heb. tremblings. sit.]
tremble <02729> [tremble.]
shocked <08074> [be astonished.]
<05375> [take.]
perished <06> [How art.]
seas ......... sea <03220> [seafaring men. Heb. the seas. strong.]
coastlands ... tremble ......... coastlands <02729 0339> [the isles tremble.]
passing <03318> [at thy.]
up <05927> [bring.]
bring ... down .......... descend ........................ descend <03381> [I shall bring.]
ruins <02723> [in places.]
stand <05414> [and I shall set.]
earth ........................ land <0776> [in the land.]
terrors <01091> [a terror. Heb. terrors.]
sought <01245> [though.]
sits <03427> [O thou.]
Tyre was situated in the Mediterranean, at the nearest entrance to it from the interior and eastern part of Asia.
merchant <07402> [a merchant.]
perfectly <03632> [I am.]
perfectly beautiful <03308 03632> [of perfect beauty. Heb. perfect of beauty.]
heart <03820> [midst. Heb. heart.]
crafted <01129> [made. Heb. built.]
Senir <08149> [of Senir.]
[Shenir. cedars.]
oaks <0437> [the oaks.]
<01323> [the company, etc. or, they have made thy hatches of ivory well trodden.]
Rather, "thy benches have they made of ivory inlaid with box, from the isles of Chittim." Vulgate, {de insulis Itali‘,} "from the islands of Italy," which were always famous for box-trees.
<01323> [company. Heb. daughters. the isles.]
[Kittim.]
Fine linen <08336> [linen.]
blue ... purple <08504 0713> [blue and purple. or, purple and scarlet.]
Elishah <0473> [Elishah.]
Elis, part of the Peloponnesus, extending along the western coast of Arcadia, north of Messenia, and south of Achaia.
Sidon <06721> [Zidon.]
[Sidon.]
Arvad <0719> [Arvad.]
skilled men <02450> [wise.]
Gebal <01380> [Gebal.]
cracks <0919> [calkers. or, stoppers of chinks. Heb. strengtheners.]
Persia <06539> [Persia.]
Lud <03865> [of Lud.]
hung <08518> [they hanged.]
Arvadites <0719> [of Arvad.]
perfected <03634> [they have.]
Javan <03120> [Javan.]
Tubal <08422> [Tubal.]
slaves <05315> [the persons.]
merchandise <04627> [market. or, merchandise.]
Togarmah <08425> [Togarmah.]
Dedanites <01719> [Dedan.]
ivory <08127> [of ivory.]
Edom <0758> [Syria.]
[Aram.]
goods <04639> [the wares of thy making. Heb. thy works. agate. or, chrysoprase.]
wheat <02406> [wheat.]
Minnith <04511> [Minnith.]
balm <06875> [balm. or, rosin.]
Damascus <01834> [Damascus.]
Helbon <02463> [Helbon.]
The Chalybon of the Greeks and Romans, now called by the natives Haleb, and by us Aleppo, said to have been so celebrated for its wine, that the Persian kings would drink no other. It was a celebrated city of Syria, situated about 90 miles from the Mediterranean by way of Antioch, and 100 from the Euphrates, in lat. 36 degrees 11' 25" north, long. 37 degrees 9' east; and previous to its destruction by an earthquake in 1822, occupied, including its suburbs, eight small hills, with the intermediate valleys, comprehending a circuit of about seven miles; and its inhabitants were variously estimated at from 100,000 to 258,000 souls.
<02051> [Dan.]
<0235> [going to and fro. or, Menzal. cassia.]
Dedan <01719> [Dedan.]
saddlecloths <0899 02667> [precious clothes. Heb. clothes of freedom.]
Arabia <06152> [Arabia.]
Kedar <06938> [Kedar.]
trade partners ........ traded <03027 05503> [occupied with thee. Heb. were the merchants of thy hand. in lambs.]
Sheba <07614> [Sheba.]
Haran <02771> [Haran.]
[Charran. Canneh.]
[Calneh.]
[Calno.]
[Calneh. Eden.]
Sheba <07614> [Sheba.]
Asshur <0804> [Asshur.]
choice ... purple <04360 08504> [all sorts of things. or, excellent things. clothes. Heb. foldings.]
ships <0591> [ships.]
weighed down <03513> [glorious.]
rowers <07751> [rowers.]
surging <07227> [great.]
east <06921> [the east.]
heart <03820> [midst. Heb. heart.]
wealth <01952> [Thy riches.]
In these beautiful and expressive figures, Tyre is represented as a ship at sea, wrecked through the mistakes of her pilots and rowers; that is, destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar, and afterwards by Alexander, in consequence of her rulers having pertinaciously resolved to withstand those haughty conquerors. This vast ship, laden with all kinds of valuable wares, being wrecked, all her valuables, sailors, officers, etc. went to the bottom.
crew <06951> [and in all. or, even with all. shall fall.]
in ....... heart <08432 03820> [midst. Heb. heart.]
waves <04054> [suburbs. or waves. shake.]
handle <08610> [all that handle.]
descend <03381> [shall come.]
loudly <06963> [shall cause.]
All that were on land, seeing this gallant ship perishing with all her men and goods, are here represented as setting up a dismal cry at the heart-rending sight.
throw <05927> [cast.]
roll <06428> [they shall wallow.]
tear out ... hair <07144> [they shall make.]
weep <01058> [they shall weep.]
<05375> [take up.]
Tyre <06865> [What city.]
tower <01822> [the destroyed.]
products <05801> [thy wares.]
abundance <07230> [with the.]
inhabitants <03427> [the inhabitants.]
kings <04428> [their kings.]
hiss <08319> [hiss.]
horror <01091> [thou shalt.]
horror <01091> [a terror. Heb. terrors. never shalt be any more. Heb. shalt not be for ever.]
prince <05057> [the prince.]
Josephus states, on the authority of Menander, who translated the Phoenician annals into Greek, and Philostratus, that this prince was Ithobal.
heart .................... heart ................ think .... godlike <03820> [Because.]
god ....................... god <0410> [I am.]
sit <03427> [I sit.]
heart .................... heart ................ think .... godlike <03820> [in the midst. Heb. in the heart.]
man ........................................... man <0120> [yet.]
you <05414> [thou set.]
[thou are.]
secret <05640> [no secret.]
great skill <02451 07230> [thy great wisdom. Heb. the greatness of thy wisdom.]
trade <07404> [and by.]
heart <03824> [and thine.]
<05414> [Because.]
bring <0935> [I will.]
terrifying <06184> [the terrible.]
defile <02490> [defile.]
bring ... down <03381> [shall bring.]
violently <02491> [are slain.]
say <0559> [say.]
man <0120> [thou shalt.]
kills ..................... wound <02026 02490> [slayeth. or, woundeth.]
death <04194> [the deaths.]
hand <03027> [by the.]
sing <05375> [take up.]
sealer <02856> [Thou sealest.]
full <04392> [full.]
Eden <05731> [in Eden.]
precious <03368> [every.]
ruby <0124> [sardius. or, ruby. beryl. or, chrysolite. emerald. or, chrysoprase. the workmanship.]
created <01254> [thou wast.]
anointed <04473> [the anointed.]
<05414> [and I.]
holy <06944> [upon.]
stones <068> [stones.]
blameless <08549> [perfect.]
sin <05766> [till iniquity.]
abundance <07230> [the multitude.]
filled <04390> [filled.]
defiled <02490> [therefore.]
expelled <05526> [O covering.]
heart <03820> [heart.]
corrupted <07843> [thou hast.]
threw <07993> [I will cast.]
<05414> [I will lay.]
desecrated <02490> [defiled.]
sinfulness <05766> [by the iniquity.]
drew <03318> [therefore.]
you ... I ... you <05414> [I will bring.]
know <03045> [they.]
terrified <01091> [thou shalt.]
terrified <01091> [a terror. Heb. terrors.]
turn <07760> [set.]
Sidon <06721> [Zidon.]
Tyre was a colony of the Zidonians (see on Isa 23:12;) and consequently Zidon was a more ancient, though a less considerable city than Tyre; and it is probable that it was taken by the Chaldeans soon after the destruction of the latter. It was afterwards burnt to the ground by the inhabitants, to prevent it falling in the hands of Ochus.
[Sidon.]
Sidon <06721> [I am against.]
magnify <03513> [I will.]
reveal <06942> [shall be.]
send <07971> [I will send.]
know <03045> [and they shall.]
sharp <03992> [a pricking.]
know <03045> [and they.]
regather <06908> [When.]
reveal <06942> [be sanctified.]
live <03427> [then shall.]
servant <05650> [to my.]
live .............. live <03427> [and they shall dwell.]
[safety. or, with confidence.]
build <01129> [build.]
execute <06213> [when I.]
scorn <07590> [despise. or, spoil.]
live .............. live .................... know <03427 03045> [and they.]
[A.M. 3415. B.C. 589.]
turn <07760> [set.]
Pharaoh <06547> [Pharaoh.]
This was Pharaoh-hophra, or Apries, who, Herodotus informs us, agreeably to the character given him by the prophet, "proudly and wickedly boasted of having established his kingdom so securely, that it was not in the power of any God to dispossess him of it."
Egypt ......... Egypt <04714> [against all.]
Pharaoh <06547> [I am.]
great <01419> [the great.]
waterways ...... Nile <02975> [My river.]
put <05414> [I will put.]
fish ...................... fish <01710> [the fish.]
leave <05203> [I will leave.]
open field <07704 06440> [open fields. Heb. face of the field. I have.]
know <03045> [know.]
staff <04938> [a staff.]
grasped <08610> [they took.]
broke <07533> [thou didst.]
bring <0935> [I will.]
I will kill <03772> [cut.]
land <0776> [the land.]
said <0559> [because.]
turn <05414> [I will.]
utter ... ruin <02721 02723> [utterly waste. Heb. wastes of waste. from the tower of. from Migdol to.]
Syene <05482> [Syene. Heb. Seveneh.]
Now Essuan, situated at the southern extremity of Egypt, (as Migdol was at the northern,) on the confines of Ethiopia, near the tropic of Cancer, and about lat. 24 degrees N. long 32 degrees E.
human foot ......... foot <0120 07272> [foot of man.]
forty <0705> [forty.]
desolation .... midst ............ desolate .... midst <08077 08432> [desolate in.]
scatter <06327> [and I will scatter.]
We learn from Berosus that Nebuchadnezzar sent several captive Egyptians to Babylon; and from Megasthenes, that he transplanted others to Pontus; and it is probable, that at the dissolution of the Babylonian empire, about forty years after, Cyrus permitted them to return to their native country.
end <07093> [At the.]
Pathros <06624> [Pathros.]
[Pathrusim.]
origin <04351> [habitation. or, birth. base. Heb. low.]
insignificant <08217> [the basest.]
rule <07287> [rule.]
confidence <04009> [the confidence.]
reminder ... how <02142> [bringeth.]
know <03045> [but.]
[A.M. 3432. B.C. 572.]
Nebuchadrezzar <05019> [Nebuchadrezzar.]
hard <01419> [a great.]
Nebuchadnezzar was thirteen years employed in the siege. During this long siege, the soldiers must have endured great hardships; their heads would become bald by constantly wearing their helmets; and their shoulders be peeled by carrying materials to and from the works.
wages <07939> [yet.]
St. Jerome asserts, on the authority of the Assyrian histories, that when the Tyrians saw their city must fall, they put their most valuable effects on board their ships, and fled with them to the islands, and their colonies, "so that, the city being taken, Nebuchadnezzar found nothing worthy of his labour."
give <05414> [I will.]
carry off .... capture ... loot ... seize <07997 07998 0962 05375> [take her spoil, and take her pray. Heb. spoil her spoil, and prey her prey.]
compensation <06468> [labour. or, hire. served.]
make <06779> [I cause.]
right to be heard <06610> [the opening.]
know <03045> [they shall know.]
Wail <03213> [Howl.]
day ... near ... day ...... near ...... day <03117 07138> [the day is.]
clouds <06051> [a cloudy.]
time <06256> [the time.]
sword <02719> [the sword.]
panic <02479> [pain. or, fear.]
carry away <03947> [and they.]
foundations <03247> [and her.]
Ethiopia <03568> [Ethiopia.]
Put <06316> [Libya. Heb. Phut.]
<06153> [all the.]
people <01121> [men. Heb. children. that is.]
supporters <05564> [They also.]
Migdol ... Syene <04024 05482> [from the tower of Syene. or, from Migdol to Syene.]
know <03045> [shall know.]
ignite <05414> [when I.]
<07665> [destroyed. Heb. broken.]
messengers <04397> [messengers.]
overly confident <0983> [careless.]
panic <02479> [great.]
coming <0935> [lo.]
hordes <01995> [I will.]
hand <03027> [by the.]
terrifying <06184> [the terrible.]
fill <04390> [and fill.]
[Re 14.20 19.18]
will ......... land .......... land <05414 0776> [I will make.]
dry up <02724> [dry. Heb. drought. sell.]
everything <04393> [all that is therein. Heb. the fullness thereof.]
hand .... over to ................ hand <03027> [by the hand.]
destroy <06> [I will also.]
Memphis <05297> [Noph.]
[Memphis. Heb. Moph. there shall.]
make <05414> [put.]
Pathros <06624> [Pathros.]
Zoan <06814> [Zoan. or, Tanis.]
execute <06213> [will execute.]
pour out <08210> [I will pour.]
Pelusium <05512> [Sin. or, Pelusium.]
Now Tineh, a town of Egypt, situated at the eastern extremity of the Delta, twenty stadia from the Mediterranean, near the lake of Menzaleh, and upon a branch of the Nile, to which it gave name. It was the key of Egypt on the side of Judea and Syria, and was therefore strongly fortified and garrisoned; but it is now quite in ruins.
On <0206> [Aven. or, Heliopolis.]
Pi-beseth <06364> [Pibeseth. or Pubastum.]
Situated on the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, near the top of the Delta.
Tahpanhes <08471> [Tehaphnehes.]
[Tahapanes.]
[Tahpanhes. the day.]
dark <02821> [darkened. or, restrained. I shall break.]
pride <01347> [the pomp.]
cloud <06051> [a cloud.]
[A.M. 3416. B.C. 588.]
Son ... man <01121 0120> [Son of man.]
This prophecy was delivered soon after the Egyptians under Pharaoh-hophra had come to relieve Jerusalem, and some months before the city was taken, being the eleventh year of Jeremiah's captivity, and answering to April 26, A.M. 3416. When the king of Babylon took from the king of Egypt, in the days of Pharaoh-necho, all his dominions in Asia, one of his arms was broken. God now declared that he should never recover these territories, or gain any ascendancy in that part of the world; nay, that his other arm, which was now strong, should soon be broken, and rendered utterly useless. This was fulfilled when Hophra was dethroned and driven into Upper Egypt by Amasis; and then Nebuchadnezzar, taking advantage of this civil discord, invaded and conquered that kingdom, and enslaved, dispersed, and carried captive the Egyptians.
broken <07665> [I have.]
bandaged <02280> [it shall not.]
Pharaoh <06547> [I am.]
break ......... broken <07665> [will break.]
strong <02389> [the strong.]
break ......... broken <07665> [and that.]
sword <02719> [I will.]
strengthen ..................... break <02388 07665> [I will.]
place <05414> [and put.]
groan <05008> [he shall.]
know <03045> [they shall know.]
scatter <06327> [I will.]
know <03045> [they shall.]
first <0259> [in the eleventh.]
On Sunday, June 19, A.M. 3416, according to Usher; and about a month before the capture of Jerusalem.
say <0559> [speak.]
hordes <01995> [to his.]
like <01819> [Whom.]
Assyria <0804> [the Assyrian.]
cedar <0730> [a cedar.]
[with fair branches. Heb. fair of branches. of an high.]
water <04325> [waters.]
grow <01431> [made him great. or, nourished him. set. or, brought. little rivers. or, conduits.]
taller <06967> [his height.]
The Assyrian king, to whom Pharaoh is compared, from his great power, extensive dominion, and the protection he afforded, resembled the spreading branches, thick shade, and high stature of a flourishing cedar on mount Lebanon. The fruitful lands of Assyria; the immense revenues he drew from vast multitudes in his extensive territories; his lucrative commerce, by the river Tigris, with the countries on the Indian ocean; and all the various sources of his wealth and prosperity, resembled the rivers and streams which cause the trees planted by them to grow and flourish exceedingly; and hence the empire and its head were exalted above all the kingdoms of the earth.
shoots <07971> [he shot forth. or, it sent them forth.]
cedars <0730> [cedars.]
tree <06086> [nor any.]
made <06213> [made.]
trees <06086> [all the trees.]
envied <07065> [envied.]
says <0559> [Therefore.]
The allegory and its interpretation are here combined; and the Assyrian monarch, though already destroyed, is poetically addressed.
tall <01361> [Because.]
proud <03824> [and his.]
gave <05414> [delivered.]
leader <0410> [the mighty.]
Nebuchadnezzar, the subverter of the Assyrian empire.
has <06213> [he shall surely deal with him. Heb. in doing he shall do unto him.]
out <01644> [I have driven.]
Foreigners <02114> [strangers.]
mountains <02022> [upon.]
down <03381> [gone.]
trees <06086> [the end.]
high ........ appointed <05975 01363> [stand up in their height. or, stand upon themselves for their height. delivered.]
lower parts <08482> [the nether.]
lament <056> [I caused a.]
The deep and all the mighty rivers which cherished this fair tree are here described as mourning at his downfall: they stop their usual courses to bewail his fate, and Lebanon with all its stately trees, (his confederates and allies,) sympathise with him in his misfortunes.
black <06937> [mourn. Heb. be black.]
nations <01471> [made.]
down ........ descend <03381> [When I.]
trees <06086> [and all.]
comforted <05162> [shall be comforted.]
went down <03381> [went.]
allies <02220> [that were.]
lived <03427> [dwelt.]
like <01819> [To whom.]
Pharaoh is here called upon to look in his mirror, and see the termination of his glory and greatness.
like <01819> [art thou.]
trees .................. trees <06086> [with the.]
lie <07901> [thou shalt.]
Pharaoh <06547> [This is.]
That is, the judgment that befel the king of Assyria, is an exact representation of the destruction that remains for Pharaoh and all his people.
month ....... month <08147 02320> [A.M. 3417. B.C. 587. in the twelfth.]
On Wednesday, March 22, A.M. 3417, the twelfth year of Jeconiah's captivity, about a year and half after the destruction of Jerusalem, and at a time when Pharaoh was in power and prosperity.
sing <05375> [take up.]
like <01819> [Thou art like.]
monster <08577> [and thou art as.]
monster <08577> [whale. or, dragon. and troubledst.]
put <05414> [And I.]
To represent the power, rapaciousness, and cruelty of Pharaoh, he had been compared to a fierce young lion, and also to an immense, overgrown sea-monster, or crocodile; and here it is predicted that God would cast a net over him, by which many companies of people should drag him out of his rivers, and cast him into the open field, mountains, valleys, etc., to be devoured by birds and beasts of prey; that is, his ruin would be complete, and attended with terrible miseries to the Egyptians, and afford a large booty to their enemies.
drench <08248> [water.]
land <0776> [the land.]
Egypt, so called because interspersed by numerous canals, and overflowed annually by the Nile.
flow <06824> [wherein thou swimmest. or, of thy swimming.]
extinguish <03518> [put thee out. or, extinguish thee.]
cover ... sky ......... cover <03680 08064> [I will cover the heaven.]
Destroy the empire.
darken <06937> [make.]
Overwhelm the dependent states.
sun <08121> [the sun.]
The king.
moon <03394> [the moon.]
The queen, or some state less than the kingdom.
lights .... sky <0216 08064 03974> [bright lights of heaven. Heb. lights of the light in heaven.]
darken <06937> [dark. Heb. them dark.]
darken <02822 05414> [set darkness upon.]
Involve the whole land in desolation and woe.
disturb <03707> [vex. Heb. provoke to anger, or grief.]
bring <0935> [when.]
I will shock <08074> [amazed.]
sword <02719> [my sword.]
tremble <02729> [and they.]
sword <02719> [The sword.]
terrifying <06184> [the terrible.]
devastate <07703> [they shall.]
destroy <06> [destroy.]
foot <07272> [neither.]
streams <05104> [and cause.]
The neighbouring countries shall be in a state of quietness, like a river that smoothly glides along, having no longer a political crocodile to foul their waters, or to disturb their peace.
everything <08074 04393> [destitute of that whereof. Heb. desolate from the fulness thereof.]
know <03045> [then.]
<08147> [in the twelfth.]
fifteenth <02568> [the fifteenth.]
That is, of the twelfth month, just a fortnight after the preceding prophecy.
wail <05091> [wail.]
down ...................... descend <03381> [cast.]
That is, predict that they shall be cast down.
daughters <01323> [the daughters.]
The cities and colonies of the celebrated nations afterwards enumerated.
lower parts <08482> [unto the.]
surpass <05276> [dost.]
down <03381> [go.]
uncircumcised <06189> [with.]
fall <05307> [fall.]
by ... sword ... sword <05414 02719> [she is delivered to the sword. or, the sword is laid. draw.]
bravest <0410> [strong.]
Pharaoh is here represented as descending into the regions of the dead, whither many mighty warriors and potentates had gone before him, who welcome him to their dreary mansion.
down <03381> [gone.]
[Assur.]
graves <06913> [graves.]
The niches in the sides of the subterranean burying places.
spread <05414> [which.]
terror <02851> [terror. or, dismaying. the land.]
Elam <05867> [Elam.]
down ............................. descend <03381> [which are.]
spread <05414> [which caused.]
bear <05375> [borne.]
made ... bed .............................................. placed <05414 04904> [set her.]
bed <04904> [a bed.]
A cell, or bier, in the sepulchral vault, in which the corpse was deposited.
uncircumcised <06189> [all of them.]
terror <02851> [though.]
Meshech-Tubal <04902> [Meshech.]
Supposed to be the Moschi, a people between Iberia and Armenia, from whom, probably the Muscovites are descended.
Meshech-Tubal <08422> [Tubal.]
Probably the Tibarenians, a people of Pontus, west of the Moschians.
uncircumcised <06189> [all of.]
spread <05414> [caused.]
lie <07901> [shall not.]
Sheol <07585> [to hell.]
That is, to the grave; and are buried in their armour, with their weapons lying by their sides, as was a very ancient practice in various nations.
weapons ... war <04421 03627> [their weapons of war. Heb. weapons of their war.]
shields <05771> [but.]
Edom <0123> [Edom.]
Despite <05414> [laid. Heb. given, or put.]
leaders <05257> [the princes.]
The kings of Media, Armenia, and other nations north of Chaldea, or of the Syrians and others north of Judah, with "all the Zidonians," kings of Zidon, Tyre, and other cities of Phoenicia.
bear <05375> [and bear.]
Pharaoh ... see ................ Pharaoh <06547 07200> [Pharaoh shall.]
Pharaoh, who said he was a god, shall be found among the dead.
consoled <05162> [shall be.]
Shall console himself, when he sees all these mighty nations and proud conquerors in the same condition as himself.
speak <01696> [speak.]
bring ... sword .... land ....... land ... one <02719 0776 0259 0935> [When I bring the sword upon a land. Heb. A land when I bring a sword upon her.]
make <05414> [set.]
blows <08628> [he blow.]
[Am 3.6 1Co 14.8]
hears <08085> [whosoever heareth. Heb. he that hearing heareth.]
death <01818> [his blood.]
heard <08085> [heard.]
himself <01818> [his blood.]
warning ............. warning <02094> [But.]
blow <08628> [and blow.]
takes ........ swept away <03947> [he is.]
<01818> [his blood.]
I ... made you <05414> [I have.]
hear <08085> [thou shalt.]
wicked ... wicked ............. wicked ...... wicked man ....... but <07563> [O wicked.]
about <01696> [if thou.]
wicked ... wicked ............. wicked ...... wicked man ....... but <07563> [that wicked.]
warn <02094> [if thou.]
change ........ change <07725> [if he.]
saved <05337> [thou hast.]
rebellious <06588> [If our.]
The impenitent Jews seem to have charged the prophet's messages with inconsistency: for whilst he warned them to repent, and assured the penitent of forgiveness, he also predicted that the people "would pine away in their transgressions." The prediction, however, merely implied that God foresaw that the people in general would be impenitent, though some individuals would repent and be pardoned.
live <02421> [how.]
surely <02416> [As I live.]
pleasure <02654> [I have.]
change ....... back ... back .... evil <07725 07451> [turn ye.]
say <0559> [say.]
righteousness <06666> [The righteousness.]
wickedness <07564> [as for.]
righteous .......................... righteous <06662> [neither.]
confident <0982> [if he.]
die <04191> [he shall die.]
must certainly die <04191> [Thou shalt.]
turns from <07725> [if he.]
just ... right <04941 06666> [that which is lawful and right. Heb. judgment and justice.]
returns <07725> [restore.]
"The sin is not forgiven, unless that which is taken away be restored," says Augustine.
pays <07999> [give.]
<01980> [walk.]
certainly live ..... die <02421 04191> [he shall.]
say <0559> [Yet.]
judge <08199> [I will.]
<08147> [in the twelfth.]
This was on Wednesday, January 25, A.M. 3416 or 3417. According to the date here given, this escaped Jew did not come to the prophet, with intelligence of Jerusalem being smitten, till about eighteen months after the event; but instead of the "twelfth year," eight MSS. and the Syriac read the eleventh.
refugee <06412> [one.]
city <05892> [The city.]
This was the very message which God had promised to the prophet.
hand <03027> [the hand.]
mouth .............. mouth <06310> [and my.]
living <03427> [they that.]
The small remnant which continued in the land under Gedaliah, after the desolation of Jerusalem, flattered themselves, notwithstanding all their crimes, that they should inherit the whole land.
ruins <02723> [wastes.]
Abraham <085> [Abraham.]
many <07227> [but we.]
eat <0398> [Ye eat.]
pray <05375> [lift up.]
shed <08210> [and shed.]
possess <03423> [shall ye.]
rely <05975> [stand.]
commit <06213> [work.]
defiles <02930> [and ye.]
possess <03423> [and shall.]
ruins <02723> [surely.]
give <05414> [will I.]
food <0398> [to be devoured. Heb. to devour him. in the caves.]
I ... turn <05414> [I will lay.]
desolate ruin <04923 08077> [most desolate. Heb. desolation and desolation. and the pomp.]
mountains <02022> [and the mountains.]
know <03045> [shall.]
abominable deeds <08441> [because.]
son ..... people <01121> [the children.]
[against thee. or, of thee. Come.]
crowds ........... people <03996 05971> [as the people cometh. Heb. according to the coming of the people.]
crowds .... sit ... front ...... people <06440 05971 03427> [they sit before thee as my people. or, my people sit before thee. and they.]
talk <06310> [for with.]
obey ...... lustfully <05690 06213> [shew much love. Heb. make loves, or jests.]
heart <03820> [but their.]
beautiful <03303> [of one.]
beautiful voice <06963 03303> [a pleasant voice. Heb. a song of loves.]
comes ...... will <0935> [when.]
know <03045> [shall.]
shepherds ........... shepherds ............ shepherds ....... feeding themselves .... shepherds feed <07462> [the shepherds.]
The shepherds of Israel, signify their kings and princes, priests and prophets; the flock, the whole of the people; the fat and wool, the tithes and offerings, taxes and imposts: these they exacted with great rigour, and even oppressed and destroyed the people to enrich themselves; but they bestowed no pains to provide for the welfare of the state, or for the souls of those entrusted to them. They knew nothing about their flock: it might be diseased, infirm, bruised, maimed, strayed, or lost, for they watched not over them.
Woe <01945> [Woe.]
shepherds ........... shepherds ............ shepherds ....... feeding themselves .... shepherds feed <07462> [feed.]
eat <0398> [eat.]
slaughter <02076> [ye kill.]
weak .... sick <02470> [diseased.]
sought <01245> [sought.]
force <02394> [but with.]
scattered .............. beast <06327> [they were.]
shepherd <07462> [because there is no shepherd. or, without a shepherd, and so ver.]
food <0402> [and they became.]
wandered <07686> [wandered.]
sheep ............. sheep <06629> [my flock.]
searching <01875> [and none.]
prey <0957> [prey.]
shepherd .... shepherds ...... my .... fed ...... feed <07462> [the shepherds.]
shepherds .................. shepherds ...... feed <07462> [I am.]
demand <01875> [and I will.]
no longer <07673> [and cause.]
shepherds .................. shepherds ...... feed <07462> [neither shall.]
rescue <05337> [for I will.]
seek <01875> [I.]
seek <01875> [search.]
shepherd seeks <07462 01243> [As a shepherd seeketh out. Heb. According to the shepherd's seeking of, etc.]
cloudy <06051> [in the cloudy.]
out <03318> [I will bring.]
feed <07462> [and feed.]
good ..... feed ................... lush ...... feed <07462 02896> [feed them.]
lie <07257> [there shall.]
seek ... lost <01245 06> [seek that.]
destroy <08045> [but I.]
feed <07462> [I will feed.]
judge <08199> [I judge.]
sheep ... another <07716> [cattle and cattle. Heb. small cattle of lambs and kids. he goats. Heb. great he goats.]
not enough <04592> [a small.]
feed .................... drink <07462 08354> [to have.]
[bread.]
judge <08199> [Behold.]
thrust ........... scatter <01920 06327> [ye have.]
at ..... sheep <05055> [pushed.]
save <03467> [will I.]
judge <08199> [and I.]
set <06965> [I will.]
servant <05650> [my servant.]
David king of Israel had been dead upwards of 400 years; and from that time till now there never has been a ruler of any kind in the Jewish nation of the name of David. By David, then, we must understand the Messiah, as the Jews themselves acknowledge, so called because descended from him, and also as being the well beloved, [o agapetos,] Son of the Father, as the name imports, and in whom all the promises made to David were fulfilled. See the references.
Lord ..... God ............. Lord <03068 0430> [I the Lord will.]
prince <05387> [a prince.]
make <03772> [I will make.]
<07451> [and will.]
live <03427> [and they.]
I ... turn ...... around <05414 05439> [make them.]
hill <01389> [my hill.]
showers .......... showers <01653> [I will cause.]
showers .......... showers <01653> [showers.]
trees <06086> [the tree.]
know ...... Lord <03045 03068> [know that.]
break <07665> [when I.]
enslaved <05647> [served.]
prey ............... live <0957 03427> [they shall.]
It is evident that this prophecy could at most have only a typical accomplishment in the return from captivity under Zerubbabel, and in their consequent prosperity; but the restoration of the Jews from their present captivity, and the consequent peace and prosperity of the church and world, fully answer to this energetic language.
beasts <02416> [neither.]
prepare <06965> [I will.]
healthy <08034> [of renown. or, for renown.]
victims <0622> [consumed. Heb. taken away.]
bear <05375> [neither.]
you ... sheep ... sheep <0859 06629> [ye my.]
God <0430> [I.]
turn <07760> [set.]
Mount <02022> [mount.]
prophesy <05012> [and prophesy.]
stretch <05186> [I am.]
stretch <05186> [and I will stretch.]
desolate ruin <08077 04923> [most desolate. Heb. desolation and desolation.]
lay <07760> [lay.]
desolate ..... know <08077 03045> [and thou.]
unrelenting <05769> [thou hast had.]
unrelenting hostility <0342 05769> [perpetual hatred. or, hatred of old.]
poured ... people <05064 01121> [shed the blood of. Heb. poured out. force. Heb. hands.]
time ....... time <06256> [in the.]
<06213> [I will.]
Since <0518> [sith.]
desolate ruin <08077> [most desolate. Heb. desolation and desolation.]
passes <05674> [passeth.]
<05414> [I will make.]
After being subdued by Nebuchadnezzar, about five years after the destruction of Jerusalem, many of the Edomites, during the Babylonian captivity, being driven from their ancient habitation by the Nabatheans, seized upon the south-western part of Judea; but afterwards they were conquered by Hyrcanus, and reduced to the necessity of embracing the Jewish religion; and at last became either incorporated with that nation, or swallowed up and lost among the Nabathean Arabs, so that the very name was abolished and disused about the end of the first century after Christ. Their country is now barren; and their cities, even Bozra and Petra, totally demolished and in ruins.
perpetual <05769> [perpetual.]
know <03045> [and ye.]
said <0559> [thou hast.]
Lord <03068> [whereas. or, though.]
deal ................ acted <06213> [I will even.]
reveal <03045> [and I.]
know <03045> [And thou.]
heard <08085> [I have heard.]
given <05414> [they are given.]
food <0402> [consume. Heb. devour.]
speech <06310> [with.]
exalted <01431> [boasted. Heb. magnified. have multiplied.]
heard <08085> [I have.]
rejoiced <08057> [didst.]
desolate <08077> [shalt.]
Edom <0123> [Idumea.]
know <03045> [and they.]
