1 Kings 1:1--11:43
old <02204> [old.]
David was probably now about sixty-nine years of age. He was thirty years old when he began to reign, reigned forty, and died in his seventieth year; and the transactions mentioned here are supposed to have taken place about a year before his death. Sixty-nine was not an advanced age; but he had been exhausted with various fatigues, and especially family afflictions, so that he was much older in constitution than in years.
old <0935 03117> [and stricken in years. Heb. and entered into days.]
found <01245> [Let there be sought. Heb. Let them seek. a young virgin.]
Heb. a damsel, a virgin. stand.
nurse ..... sleep <05532 07901> [cherish him. Heb. be a cherisher unto him. lie.]
warm <02552> [get heat.]
looked <01245> [So.]
Abishag <049> [Abishag.]
Shunammite <07767> [Shunammite.]
sexual relations <03045> [knew her not.]
Adonijah <0138> [Adonijah.]
<04984> [exalted.]
king <04427> [I will.]
king <04427> [be king. Heb. reign. and he.]
corrected <06087> [had not.]
<03117> [at any time. Heb. from his days. very.]
born ... after <03205 0310> [bare him.]
collaborated <01697> [And he conferred. Heb. his words were.]
Joab <03097> [Joab.]
Abiathar <054> [Abiathar.]
supported him <0138 05826 0310> [following Adonijah helped him. Heb. helped after Adonijah.]
Zadok <06659> [Zadok.]
Nathan <05416> [Nathan.]
Shimei <08096> [Shimei.]
warriors <01368> [the mighty.]
Adonijah <0138> [Adonijah.]
The Oriental banquet, in consequence of the intense heat, is often spread upon the verdant turf, beneath the shade of a tree, where the streaming rivulet supplies the company with wholesome water, and excites a gentle breeze to cool their burning temples.
sacrificed <02076> [slew.]
En Rogel <05883> [En-rogel. or, the well Rogel.]
invited <07121> [called.]
Nathan <05416> [Nathan.]
Adonijah <0138> [Adonijah.]
Haggith's <02294> [Haggith.]
<03289> [let me.]
save <04422> [save.]
life ...... life <05315> [the life.]
Surely <03588> [Assuredly.]
sit <03427> [sit.]
arrive <0935> [I also.]
verify <04390> [confirm. Heb. fill up.]
very old <02204 03966> [very old.]
bowed down on <06915> [bowed.]
king ... king <04428> [And the.]
[What wouldest thou? Heb. What to thee?]
master <0113> [My lord.]
swore <07650> [thou swarest.]
It is not recorded when or upon what occasion David sware to Bathsheba that Solomon should succeed him; but it is supposed, with some degree of probability, that it took place after Absalom's rebellion; and as God himself had settled the succession, he might very properly give her this assurance.
Adonijah <0138> [Adonijah.]
aware <03045> [thou knowest.]
watching .... see <05869> [the eyes.]
<05046> [that thou.]
At this time the monarchy of Israel was unsettled; no man knew who was to succeed to the crown; and the minds of the people were as unsettled as the succession. It was neither hereditary nor elective: the king, as was anciently the case in most countries, named his successor; but in this instance, God had already assigned the throne to Solomon.
<07901> [sleep.]
son <01121> [that I.]
That is, when Adonijah is established on the throne, I and my son Solomon shall be put to death as state criminals. The history of the world demonstrates, that the lust of dominion has tempted men to commit the most enormous crimes. A father has destroyed his son, a son deposed a father, and a brother murdered a brother, in order to obtain a crown!
criminals <02400> [offenders. Heb. sinners.]
bowed <07812> [he bowed.]
said ........ announce <0559> [hast thou.]
king <04427> [reign.]
sacrificed <02076> [slain.]
king's .......................... live King Adonijah <02421 04428 0138> [God save king Adonijah. Heb. Let king Adonijah live.]
informing <03045> [and thou.]
Summon Bathsheba <07121 01339> [Call me.]
She appears to have gone out when Nathan entered; and he retired when she was readmitted.
King .......... before ... king <04428 06440> [into the king's presence. Heb. before the king.]
Lord <03068> [As the.]
rescued <06299> [hath.]
swore <07650> [Even as I sware.]
bowed <07812> [did reverence.]
master <0113> [Let my.]
Zadok <06659> [Zadok.]
Take <03947> [Take.]
Solomon <08010> [and cause.]
Maimonides informs us, that it was a capital offence for any one to ride on the king's mule, to sit on his throne, or to handle his sceptre, without permission; and as David ordered Solomon to ride on his own mule, etc., it was ample evidence that he had appointed him his successor.
put <07392> [to ride.]
mule <06506> [mine own mule. Heb. the mule which belongeth to me.]
Gihon <01521> [Gihon.]
Zadok <06659> [Zadok.]
blow ... trumpet <08628 07782> [blow ye.]
live <02421> [God.]
sits <03427> [sit.]
decreed <06680> [I have.]
So be it <0543> [Amen.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
Lord <03068> [As the.]
greater <01431> [and make.]
Zadok <06659> [Zadok.]
<03774> [the Cherethites.]
King David's <01732 04428> [king David's.]
horn <07161> [an horn.]
tent <0168> [out.]
poured <04886> [anointed.]
people <05971> [all the people.]
flutes <02485> [pipes. or, flutes.]
celebrating <08056> [rejoiced.]
ground shake <01234 0776> [the earth rent.]
We use a similar expression in precisely the same sense: "They rent the air with their cries."
finished <03615> [as they.]
sound ............ noisy <06963> [Wherefore.]
city <07151> [the city.]
Jonathan <03129> [Jonathan.]
important <02428> [a valiant.]
No <061> [Verily.]
[44]
Gihon <01521> [Gihon.]
This was a fountain on the west of Jerusalem, (consequently in an opposite direction to En-rogel on the east, where Adonijah was proclaimed king,) of which there were two pools, an upper and a lower. (2Ch 32:30.) There is a large square cistern in the ravine west of the city, mentioned by Dr. Richardson as a little to the south of the Jaffa gate, which Dr. Pococke describes as a basin about 250 paces long and 100 broad. It is commonly called the pool of Bathsheba, but seems to be the lower pool of Gihon. "Nearly a mile to the N.N.W. is the pool of Gihon, which I suppose to be the upper pool. It is a very large basin, and, if I mistake not, is cut down about ten feet into the rock, there being a way down to it by steps. It was almost dry at that time, and seems designed to receive the rain waters which come from the hills about it. There is a canal from the pool to the city, which is uncovered part of the way, and, it is said, goes to the pool in the streets near the holy sepulchre. The fountain of Gihon arose either in the upper pool, or out of the high ground above it."--Travels, book i. ch. 6.
city <07151> [the city.]
sound <06963> [This is.]
congratulate <01288> [bless.]
God <0430> [God.]
leaned <07812> [bowed.]
praise <01288> [Blessed.]
placed <05414> [which.]
allowed <05869> [mine eyes.]
grabbed <02388> [caught.]
hair of his head <08185> [there shall.]
traitor <07451> [wickedness.]
King ............... bowed .... King <07812 04428> [bowed himself.]
When <03117> [the days.]
told <06680> [charged.]
about <01980> [I go.]
strong <02388> [be thou.]
man <0376> [and shew.]
Do ................ obeying <08104> [And keep.]
[statues.]
laws <05715> [testimonies.]
written <03789> [written.]
succeed ..... do <07919 06213> [that thou.]
succeed <07919> [prosper. or, do wisely.]
accomplish <06437> [whithersoever.]
Lord <03068> [That the Lord.]
promise <01697> [his word.]
<03212> [walk.]
heart <03824> [with all their heart.]
fail <03772> [fail, etc. Heb. be cut off from thee from the throne.]
Joab <03097> [Joab.]
Abner <074> [Abner.]
Amasa <06021> [Amasa.]
Jether <03500> [Jether.]
[Ithra. shed. Heb. put. put.]
appropriate <02451> [according.]
live long <07872> [let.]
peaceful <07965> [in.]
Barzillai <01271> [Barzillai.]
needs <0398> [eat.]
flee <01272> [when I fled.]
Shimei <08096> [Shimei.]
horrible <04834> [grievous. Heb. strong. he came.]
treat <05352> [hold him.]
Do not consider him as an innocent man; for, as thou art a wise man, and knowest how to treat such persons, treat him as he deserves; only, as I have sworn to him that I would not put him to death, "bring not his hoar head down to the grave with blood." So Solomon understood David; for, after he had commanded Joab to be slain, in obedience to his father, he sent for Shimei, and knowing he ought to be well watched, he confined him to Jerusalem for the rest of his life: and so it appears David should be understood; for the negative particle {lo,} in the former clause, "hold him not guiltless," should be repeated in the latter clause, though not expressed; instances of which frequently occur in the Hebrew Scriptures. (See Jud 5:30. 1Sa 2:3. Ps 1:5; 9:18; 38:1; 75:5. Pr 5:16; 24:12, etc.) This is the view taken of the subject by Dr. Kennicott, and it seems the best and most correct mode of interpreting the text.
wise <02450> [wise.]
death <07872> [his.]
bloody <01818> [with.]
David ........... David <01732> [So David.]
city <05892> [the city.]
reigned ... Israel ..... reigned <04427 03478> [reigned over.]
Solomon sat <08010 03427> [A.M. 2990. B.C. 1014. An. Ex. Is. 477. sat Solomon.]
<04438> [his kingdom.]
Adonijah <0138> [Adonijah.]
visited ......... come <0935> [Comest.]
know <03045> [Thou knowest.]
Lord <03068> [for it was.]
refuse ..... Go ahead <06440 07725> [deny me not. Heb. turn not away my face.]
Abishag <049> [Abishag.]
That's <02896> [Well.]
So ............... got up <06965> [rose up.]
sat .................. sat <03427> [she sat.]
ask ................. ask <07592> [I desire.]
ask ................. ask <07592> [Ask on.]
Abishag <049> [Let Abishag.]
request ................ request <07592> [why dost.]
kingdom <04410> [the kingdom.]
God <0430> [God.]
Adonijah <0138> [if Adonijah.]
We have already seen, that the whole harem of an eastern monarch was a part of the regal succession (See note on 2 Sa 16:23); and it was treason for a subject to claim any wife or virgin who had once formed a part of it. Solomon evidently considered the request of Adonijah in this light; and was convinced that he was still aiming to seize the crown, to which he considered this as one step. But it is very doubtful, how far the plea either of policy or state necessity can justify Solomon in thus embruing his hands in his brother's blood, whatever might have been his treasonable intentions or conduct.
<01696> [spoken.]
Lord <03068> [as the Lord.]
sit ...... throne <03427 03678> [set me.]
dynasty <06213 01004> [made me.]
promised <01696> [as he promised.]
executed <04191> [put.]
killed <06293> [he fell.]
Abiathar <054> [Abiathar.]
Anathoth <06068> [Anathoth.]
deserve ... die <04194 0376> [worthy of death. Heb. a man of death.]
carry <05375> [barest.]
suffered ..... through .... difficult <06031> [hast been.]
Solomon <08010> [So Solomon.]
This was for having taken part with Adonijah; but by it a remarkable prophecy was fulfilled. God had told Eli, (1 Sa 2:30-36) that the priesthood should depart from his house; Abiathar was the last of the priests of Ithamar, of which family was Eli the high priest. Zadok, who succeeded, was of the family of Eleazar; and by this change the priesthood reverted to its ancient channel.
fulfilling <04390> [that he.]
Shiloh <07887> [Shiloh.]
Joab ... Joab ... supported ....... supported ... he <03097 05186> [Joab had.]
grabbed hold <02388> [caught.]
beside <0681> [he is by.]
<03212> [Go.]
Do <06213> [Do.]
away <05493> [that thou.]
Joab's <03097> [which.]
family <01004> [and from.]
<07725> [return.]
innocent <06662> [more righteous.]
father <01> [my father.]
Abner <074> [Abner.]
Amasa <06021> [Amasa.]
Jether <03500> [Jether.]
[Ithra.]
David <01732> [upon David.]
family <01004> [his house.]
Benaiah <01141> [Benaiah.]
executed <06293> [and fell.]
It appears that he slew him at the very altar. The altar was so sacred among all the people, that, in general, even the vilest wretch found safety, if he once reached it. This led to many abuses, and the perversion of public justice; and God decreed (Ex 24:14) that the presumptuous murderer, who had taken refuge at his altar, should be dragged thence and put to death.
buried <06912> [buried.]
wilderness <04057> [in the.]
army <06635> [in his room.]
Zadok <06659> [Zadok.]
Shimei <08096> [Shimei.]
Build <01129> [Build.]
No doubt Solomon suspected that Shimei's influence would be dangerous upon his own estate and among his numerous dependents in different parts of the land; and therefore he proposed to him, as the condition of his indemnity for former crimes, that he should live in Jerusalem under his eye, and by no means remove thence. These terms Shimei readily agreed to, and solemnly swore to observe them; and for three years he lived unmolested and in affluence. But growing secure, in contempt of Solomon's authority and of the oath of God, upon an unnecessary business he took a journey, which according to his own engagement forfeited his life. Thus the Lord left him to be infatuated, that due punishment might be inflicted upon him; in order that every ringleader of opposition to Solomon's kingdom might be crushed, and others be intimidated by their examples. Solomon's throne by the death of this man was established in peace, and became a type of the Redeemer's kingdom of peace and righteousness.--SCOTT.
cross .... Valley <05674 05158> [over the.]
[Cedron. thy blood.]
proposal <01697> [The saying.]
Achish <0397> [A.M. 2993. B.C. 1011. An. Ex. Is. 480. Achish.]
got <06965> [arose.]
oath <07650> [Did I not.]
said .................... warned ................... said <0559> [and thou saidst.]
broken <08104> [Why.]
order <04687> [commandment.]
aware <03045> [Thou knowest.]
punish <07725> [return.]
be empowered <01288> [blessed.]
dynasty <03678> [the throne.]
kingdom <04467> [the kingdom.]
marriage <02859> [A.M. 2990. B.C. 1014. An. Ex. Is. 477. affinity.]
married <03947> [and took.]
City <05892> [the city.]
residence .... temple <01004> [his own.]
residence .... temple <01004> [the house.]
wall <02346> [the wall.]
people <05971> [the people.]
It was not right to offer sacrifices in any place but where the tabernacle and ark were; and wherever they were, whether on a high place or a plain, sacrifices might be lawfully offered, previously to building of the temple. The tabernacle was now at Gibeon, (2 Ch 1:3,) which was therefore called the great high place; whither we find Solomon, without censure, repaired to sacrifice.
temple <01004> [was no.]
demonstrated his loyalty <0157> [loved.]
<03212> [walking.]
sacrifices <02076> [only he.]
Gibeon <01391> [Gibeon.]
thousand <0505> [a thousand.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
dream <02472> [in a dream.]
Tell me ..... give <07592 05414> [Ask what.]
servant <05650> [thy servant.]
great ..................... great <01419> [great.]
loyalty ..................... loyalty <02617> [mercy. or, bounty.]
<01980> [according.]
allowing <05414> [that.]
servant <05650> [thou hast.]
young <06996> [a little.]
inexperienced <03318> [to go.]
people ...... nation <05971> [thy people.]
count <04487> [cannot.]
give ... servant <05414 05650> [Give therefore.]
discerning <08085> [understanding. Heb. hearing.]
make judicial decisions ................ make judicial decisions <08199> [to judge.]
distinguish <0995> [discern.]
able <03201> [who is able.]
pleased <03190> [pleased.]
asked ...... make wise judicial ..... for ....... vengeance <07592> [hast not.]
[long life. Heb. many days. discern. Heb. hear.]
<06213> [I have done.]
give <05414> [I have given.]
succeed <0310> [neither.]
giving <05414> [And I.]
riches <06239> [riches.]
<0376> [shall not be. or, hath not been.]
<03212> [if thou.]
father <01> [as thy.]
long <0748> [I will lengthen.]
woke <03364> [awoke.]
before <06440> [before.]
peace offerings <08002> [peace offerings.]
feast <04960> [a feast.]
two prostitutes <0802 08147> [two women.]
<02181> [harlots.]
The word {zanoth,} rendered harlots, is here translated by the Targumist, the best judge in this case, {pundekon,} "tavern-keepers:" see on Jos 2:1.
Had these women been harlots, it is not likely that they would have dared to appear before Solomon; nor is it likely that such persons would have been permitted in the reign of David. Their husbands might at this time have been following their necessary occupations in distant parts.
stood <05975> [stood.]
master <0994 0113> [O my lord.]
middle <08432> [midnight.]
took <03947> [took.]
son ...................... baby <01121> [give.]
alive ................... alive <02416> [Nay.]
Cut <01504> [Divide.]
This was apparently a very strange decision; but Solomon saw that the only way to discover the real mother was by the affection and tenderness should would necessarily shew to her offspring. The plan was tried, and succeeded; and it was a proof of his sound judgment, penetration, and acquaintance with the human heart, or rather, of his extraordinary and supernatural wisdom. See ver. 28. The two following instances are in some faint manner to be compared to Solomon's decision, inasmuch as they also work upon the human sympathies. Suetonius, in his Life of the emperor Claudian, tells us, that this emperor discovered a woman to be the real mother of a young man, whom she refused to acknowledge, by commanding her to marry him, the proofs being doubtful on both sides; for, rather than commit incest, she confessed the truth. Diodorus Siculus also informs us, that Ariopharnes, king of Thrace, being appointed to decided between three young men, each of whom professed to be the son of the deceased king of the Cimmerians, and claimed the succession, discovered the real son by ordering each to shoot an arrow into the dead body of the king: two of them did this without hesitation; but the real son of the deceased monarch refused.
motherly instincts <07356> [her bowels.]
aroused <03648> [yearned. Heb. were hot.]
give .... living <05414 02416> [give her.]
respected <03372> [feared.]
wisdom <02451> [the wisdom.]
possessed <07130> [in him. Heb. in the midst of him. to do.]
Israel <03478> [over all Israel.]
officials <08269> [the princes.]
That is, great, chief, or principal men; for none of them were princes, in the common acceptation of the word.
Azariah <05838> [Azariah.]
priest <03548> [priest. or, chief officer.]
Shisha <07894> [Shisha.]
[Sheva.]
[Shavsha. scribes. or, secretaries. recorder. or, remembrancer.]
Benaiah <01141> [Benaiah.]
Zadok <06659> [Zadok.]
son ... Nathan ......... son ... Nathan <05416 01121> [son of Nathan.]
district <05324> [the officers.]
[the principal.]
king <04428> [the king's.]
Adoniram <0141> [Adoniram.]
[Adoram. tribute. or, levy.]
district <05324> [officers.]
These are doubtless to be considered as general receivers; for, as Sir John Chardin observes, "the revenues of the princes of the East are paid in the fruits and productions of the earth: there are no other taxes on the peasants."
Each <0259> [each man.]
Ben-Hur <01133> [The son of Hur. or, Ben-hur.]
Ben-Deker <01128> [The son of Dekar. or, Ben-dekar. Shaalbim.]
[Shaalabbin. Beth-shemesh.]
Ben-Hesed <01136> [The son of Hesed. or, Ben-hesed. Sochoh.]
Hepher <02660> [Hepher.]
Ben-Abinadab <01125> [The son of Abinadab. or, Ben-abinadab. Dor.]
Taanach <08590> [Taanach.]
Megiddo <04023> [Megiddo.]
Beth Shan ........ Beth Shan <01052> [Beth-shean.]
Zarethan <06891> [Zartanah.]
[Zarthan.]
[Zaretan. Jezreel.]
Abel Meholah <065> [Abel-meholah.]
Ben-Geber <01127> [The son of Geber. or, Ben-geber. Ramoth-gilead.]
villages <02333> [the towns.]
Argob <0709> [Argob.]
sixty large ... cities <08346 01419 05892> [threescore great cities.]
These were the fortified cities; their gates and bars being covered with plates of brass.
Mahanaim <04266> [Mahanaim. or, to Mahanaim.]
Naphtali <05321> [Naphtali.]
daughter <01323> [the daughter.]
Asher <0836> [Asher.]
Issachar <03485> [Issachar.]
Shimei <08096> [Shimei.]
Benjamin <01144> [Benjamin.]
land ..... territory ........ Sihon ................. area <05511 0776> [the country of Sihon.]
sand <02344> [as the sand.]
eat <0398> [eating.]
Solomon ............................ Solomon's <08010> [Solomon.]
<05066> [brought.]
consumed <03899> [provision. Heb. bread. measures. Heb. cors.]
ten ... fattened <06235 01277> [Ten fat.]
rams <0354> [harts.]
Dr. Shaw understands {ayil} as the name of the genus, including all the species of the deer kind, whether they are distinguished by round horns, as the stag, or by flat ones, as the fallow deer, or by the smallness of the branches, as the roe.
gazelles <06643> [roe-bucks.]
See note on De 15:22.
deer <03180> [fallow-deer.]
{Yachmur,} rendered {bubalus} by the Vulgate, probably the buffalo; and though "the flesh of a buffalo does not seem so well tasted as beef, being harder and more coarse," yet in our times, "persons of distinction, as well as the common people, and even the European merchants, eat a good deal of it, in the countries where that animal abounds." Niebuhr, Descrip. de l'Arab p. 146.
Gaza <05804> [Azzah.]
[Gaza. all the kings.]
peace <07965> [had peace.]
security <0983> [safely. Heb. confidently.]
everyone <0376> [every man.]
Dan <01835> [from Dan.]
4,000 ........ 12,000 <0505 0705> [forty thousand.]
district governors <05324> [those officers.]
<07409> [dromedaries. or, mules, or swift beasts.]
God <0430> [God.]
breadth <07341> [largeness.]
sand <02344> [as the sand.]
men <01121> [the children.]
wiser ............ sages ... Egypt <02451 04714> [the wisdom of Egypt.]
wiser <02449> [wiser.]
Ethan <0387> [Ethan.]
Heman <01968> [Heman.]
famous <08034> [his fame.]
composed <01696> [he spake.]
songs <07892> [songs.]
cedars <0730> [the cedar tree.]
The word {airez,} whence the Chaldee and Syriac {arzo,} and the Arabic and Ethiopic {arz,} and Spanish {alerze,} unquestionably denotes the cedar; it is thus rendered by the LXX. and other versions, [kedros,] and by the Vulgate {cedrus;} and the inhabitants of mount Lebanon still call it {ars.} The cedar is a large and nobel evergreen tree, and grows on the most elevated part of the mountain, is taller than the pine, and so thick that five men together could scarcely fathom one. It shoots out its branches at ten or twelve feet from the ground; they are large and distant from each other, and are perpetually green. The wood is of a brown colour, very solid and incorruptible, if preserved from wet. The tree bears a small cone, like that of the pine.
hyssop <0231> [the hyssop.]
animals <0929> [of beasts.]
Hiram ..................... Hiram <02438> [A.M. 2990. B.C. 1014. An. Ex. Is. 477. Hiram.]
[Huram. sent.]
Hiram ..................... Hiram <02438> [for Hiram.]
unable ... build <03201 01129> [could not.]
battles <04421> [the wars.]
<05414> [put.]
secure <05117> [hath given.]
<0559> [behold.]
<0559> [purpose. Heb. say. as the Lord.]
cedars <0730> [cedar trees.]
pay <07939 05414> [will I give hire.]
say <0559> [appoint. Heb. say. that there is not.]
Sidonians <06722> [Sidonians.]
worthy <01288> [Blessed.]
given <05414> [which hath.]
wise son <02450 01121> [a wise son.]
received <08085> [considered. Heb. heard. timber of fir.]
Lebanon <03844> [Lebanon.]
it <07760> [and I will.]
send <07971> [appoint. Heb. send. in giving food.]
cors ............. 20,000 baths <03734> [measures. Heb. cors.]
20,000 cors ............. 20,000 baths <06242 03734> [twenty measures.]
"Twenty thousand baths of oil" are mentioned in Chronicles; and the Syriac, Arabic, and Septuagint also have here "twenty thousand measures." But as barley and wine are also spoken of there, it is probable that the wheat mentioned here, and the small quantity of fine oil, were intended for the use of Hiram's own family, while that in Chronicles was for his workmen.
promised ......... peace <01696 07965> [as he promised him.]
<08147> [they two.]
work crews <04522> [levy. Heb. tribute of men.]
work crews <04522> [the levy.]
month ........ month ...... months <02320> [a month.]
Adoniram <0141> [Adoniram.]
70,000 <07657> [threescore.]
These were all strangers, or proselytes, dwelling among the Israelites, as we learn from the paralled place in 2 Chron.
3,300 <07969 0505> [three thousand.]
In the parallel passage of Chronicles, it is "three thousand six hundred," which is also the reading of the Septuagint here.
valuable stones ........... stone <068 03368> [costly stones.]
Byblos <01382> [the stone-squarers. or, Giblites.]
four <0702> [A.M. 2993. B.C. 1011. An. Ex. Is. 480. And it came.]
month Ziv .... month <02320 02099> [in the month Zif.]
building <01129> [began. Heb. built.]
building <01129> [build.]
temple <01004> [the house.]
long <0753> [the length.]
According to Bp. Cumberland's estimation of the cubit, its length was 36 yds. 1 ft. 5/28 inch; its breadth 12 yds. 5/76 inch; and its height, 18 yds. 8/64 inch. This constituted what is properly called the temple; but, besides this, there were the courts and colonnades, where the people might assemble to perform their devotions, without being exposed to the open air.
90 feet <08346> [threescore.]
framed windows <02474 0331 08261> [windows of narrow lights. or, windows broad within, and narrow without; or, skewed and closed.]
.# 4 So 2:9 Eze 40:16 41:26
walls <07023> [against. or, upon, or joining to. built.]
extension ................ side <03326 06763> [chambers. Heb. floors.]
These appear to have been what we should now call corridors or galleries; in which were apartments for the use of the priests. They consisted of three stories, and increased one cubit in breadth in every story, the wall of the temple being two cubits thicker at the bottom than at the top; and where the wall diminished, a rest was thus formed for the beams of the chambers to lodge upon.
holy place <01687> [oracle.]
extension ................ side <03326 06763> [chambers. Heb. ribs.]
ledges <04052> [narrowed rests. or, narrowings, or rebatements.]
built ... stones ....... used ...................... built <068 01129> [built of stone.]
hammers <04717> [neither hammer.]
side <03802> [side. Heb. shoulder. went up.]
building <01129> [he built.]
rafters ... boards <01356 07713 0730> [with beams and boards of cedar. or, the vault beams and the ceilings with cedar.]
<03212> [if thou wilt.]
fulfill <06965> [then will I perform.]
live <07931> [I will dwell.]
abandon <05800> [will not forsake.]
[A.M. 2993-3000. B.C. 1011-1004.]
constructed <01129> [he built.]
That is, he lined or wainscoted the walls with cedar, the floor being covered with planks of fir: the marginal reading in this verse is preferable, as it removes every difficulty and obscurity.
walls inside ... temple ............. floor .... temple .... rafters ........ temple floor <07023 01004 07172> [both the floor of the house, and the walls. or, from the floor of the house, unto the walls, etc. and so ver.]
built ............ temple ................. paneled <01129 01004> [built them.]
inner sanctuary <01687> [the oracle.]
The oracle was the sanctuary, or holy of holies, in which there was nothing but the ark of the covenant, including the tables of the law, and into which the high priest alone was to enter but once a year.
carvings ... round ornaments <06497> [knops. or, gourds.]
{Peka‹m,} "artificial knops," in the shape of {colocynths,} or wild gourds, as the word denotes. (See note on 2 Ki 4:39;) the full-blown flowers of which must have been very ornamental.
flowers <06731 06362> [open flowers. or, openings of flowers.]
inner sanctuary <01687> [the oracle.]
placed <05414> [to set.]
30 feet ... 30 feet .... 30 feet <0520 06242> [twenty cubits.]
<05462> [pure. Heb. shut up. the altar.]
plated .................... plated <06823> [overlaid.]
chains <07572> [by the chains.]
temple <01004> [the whole house.]
It is impossible to calculate this expense, or the quantity of gold employed in this sacred building; but both must have been immense.
altar <04196> [also.]
altar <04196> [the whole altar.]
This was the altar of incense without the vail, in the holy place, which was twice the length of the most holy place.
two cherubs <08147 03742> [two cherubims.]
These were distinct from, and much larger than those which covered the mercy-seat.
olive wood <06086 08081> [olive tree. or, oily trees. Heb. trees of oil.]
cherubs .......... wings ... spread out ...... cherub's wings .......... cherub's wings .......... wing ....... wing <03742 03671 06566> [they stretched forth the wings of the cherubims. or, the cherubims stretched forth their wings.]
carved <04734 06603> [carved figures.]
palm trees <08561> [palm trees.]
{Tamar,} in Ethiopic, {tamart,} the palm tree, is so called, says Parkhurst, from its straight, upright growth, for which it seems more remarkable than any other tree; and it sometimes rises to the height of more than 100 feet. The trunk is remarkably straight and lofty; and it is crowned at the top with a large tuft of spiring leaves, about four feet long, which never fall off, but always continue in the same flourishing verdure. The stalks are generally full of rugged knots, which are vestiges of decayed leaves: for the trunk of the tree is not solid, but its centre is filled with pith, round which is a tough bark full of strong fibres when young, which, as the tree becomes old, hardens and becomes ligneous. To this bark the leaves are closely joined, which, as the tree becomes old, hardens and becomes ligneous. To this bark the leaves are closely joined, which in the centre rise erect, but after they are advanced above the vagina which surrounds them, they expand very wide on every side of the stem, and as the older leaves decay, the stalk advances in height. The leaves, when the tree has grown to a size for bearing fruit, are six or eight feet long, and very broad when expanded. The fruit, called the date, grows below the leaves in clusters.
[open flowers. Heb. openings of flowers.]
doors <01817> [doors.]
five-sided <02549> [a fifth part. or, five square.]
two doors <01817 08147> [two doors. or, leaves of the doors. open flowers. Heb. openings of flowers.]
four-sided <07243> [a fourth part. or, four square.]
wood ... evergreens <06086 01265> [fir tree.]
two ........... two ... leaves <08147 06763 07050> [the two leaves.]
inner <06442> [the inner.]
Among chronologists there is a great diversity of opinion respecting the time of the building of the temple. The Septuagint has 440 years; Glycas, 330; Josephus and Moeslinus, 592; Melchius Canus, 590; Sulpicius Severus, 588; Clemens Alexandrinus, 570; Cedrenus, 672; Codomus, 598; Vossius and Capellus, 580; Serarius, 680; Nicholas Abraham, 527; Petavius and Valtherus, 520. After all, that in the common Hebrew text is more likely to the true one, than any of the others.
completed <03615> [finished.]
<01697> [throughout, etc. or, with all the appurtenances thereof, and with all the ordinances thereof. seven years.]
thirteen years <07969 08141> [thirteen years.]
beams <06763> [beams. Heb. ribs.]
windows <08261> [windows.]
<04237> [light was against light. Heb. sight against sight.]
entrances ... rectangular ... shape <04201 07251 08260 06607> [doors and posts were square, with the windows. or, spaces and pillars were square in prospect.]
[before them. or, according to them. before them. or, according to them.]
room .... Hall <0197> [a porch.]
throne <03678> [for the throne.]
Judgment <04941> [of judgment.]
floor <07172> [from one side of the floor to the other. Heb. from floor to floor.]
palace ............... palace <01004> [an house.]
best stones <068 03368> [costly stones.]
foundation <03245> [the foundation.]
stones .... 15 feet .... feet <068 06235 0520> [stones of ten cubits.]
Reckoning the cubit at 21 inches, the ten cubits are 17 feet and a half, and the eight cubits are 14 feet. The magnitude of these stones was certainly extraordinary; but let us hear M. Volney, and our surprise will no longer be fixed on these stones, but transferred from Solomon's house to the ruins of Balbec: "What is still more astonishing is the enormous stones which compose the sloping wall. To the west, the second layer is formed of stones which are from 28 to 35 feet long, by about 9 in height. Over this layer, at the north-west angle, there are three stones, which alone occupy a space of 175 feet and a half; viz. the first, 58 feet 7 inches; the second, 58 feet 11 inches; and the third, exactly 58 feet; and each of these is 12 feet thick. These stones are of white granite, with large shining flakes, like gypsum: there is a quarry of this kind of stone under the whole city, and another in the adjacent mountains, which is open in several places. On the right, as we approach the city, there is still lying there a stone hewn on three sides, which is 69 feet 2 inches long, 12 feet 10 inches broad, and 13 feet 3 inches in thickness.
three rows ....... row <02905 07969> [three rows.]
hall <0197> [the porch.]
Hiram <02438> [Hiram.]
[Huram.]
son <01121 0802> [a widow's son. Heb. the son of a widow woman. tribe.]
The mother of Hiram (not the Tyrian king mentioned before, but an intelligent coppersmith, of Jewish extraction by his mother's side) in Chronicles, is said to have been of "the daughters of Dan;" and she might have been of Naphtali by her father, and of Dan by her mother; or she might originally be of the tribe of Dan, and have been first married to a man of the tribe of Naphtali; and, in either case, she might be indifferently called "of the tribe of Naphtali," or of "the daughters of Dan."
Naphtali <05321> [Naphtali.]
father <01> [his father.]
<04390> [he was filled.]
fashioned <06696> [cast. Heb. fashioned. two pillars.]
27 feet .... 18 feet <0520 08083> [eighteen cubits.]
That is, nearly thirty feet, English measure. But in the parallel place in Chronicles, these pillars are said to thirty-five cubits high. Tremellius reconciles this difference by observing, that the common cubit was but one-half of the cubit of the sanctuary; so that eighteen of the one would make thirty-six of the other; from which, if we deduct one cubit for the base, there will remain thirty-five. Notwithstanding the names of these pillars, they seem to have supported no part of the building, and appear to have been formed for ornament; and were no doubt also emblematical. The right pillar was called {Jachin,} which signifies, "He will establish;" while that on the left was named {Boaz,} "In it is strength." Some think they were intended for memorials of the pillars and cloud of fire, which led Israel through the wilderness; but Henry supposes them designed for memorandums to the priests and others that came to worship at God's door. 1st. To depend upon God only, and not upon any sufficiency of their own, for strength and establishment in all their religious exercises. 2nd. It was a memorandum to them of the strength and establishment of the temple of God among them. When the temple was destroyed, particular notice is taken of the breaking up and carrying away of these brazen pillars, 2 Ki 25:13, 17, which had been the tokens of its establishment, and would have been still so, if they had not forsaken God.
shaped ... lilies <04639 07799> [lily work.]
pomegranate-shaped <07416> [and the pomegranates.]
set up .............. erected ............. erected <06965> [And he set.]
porch <0197> [the porch.]
Jakin <03199> [Jachin.]
Boaz <01162> [Boaz.]
made <06213> [he made.]
Sea <03332 03220> [a molten sea.]
rim <08193> [the one brim to the other. Heb. his brim to his brim.]
ornaments ......... ornaments <06497> [knops.]
round ... arranged in settings ................. Sea <05437 05362 03220> [compassing the sea.]
four fingers <02947> [an hand breadth.]
blossom <06525> [with flowers.]
hold <03557> [it contained.]
This immense laver, called a sea from it magnitude, held, at a moderate computation, 16,000 gallons. Besides this great brazen laver, there were in the temple ten lavers of brass of a less size, which moved on wheels, and were ornamented with the figures of various animals, having, probably, always some relation to the cherubim. These lavers were to hold water for the use of the priests in their sacred office, particularly to wash the victims that were to be offered as a burnt offering, as we learn from 2 Ch 4:6; but the brazen sea was for the priests to wash in. The knops are supposed to have been in the form of an ox's head, (2 Ch 4:3;) and some think the water flowed out at their mouths.
12,000 gallons <0505> [two thousand.]
ten .... stands ... stand <06235 04350> [ten bases.]
These highly ornamental bases appear to have been square stands, or immense pedestals, for the purpose of supporting the lavers.
stands ..... frames <04350 04526> [bases was on.]
It seems evident that these bases or pedestals rose with steps, and that the ornaments mentioned in the next verse appeared in front, forming so many entablatures. But the description of these bases is very difficult to comprehend: many of the original words are seldom, if at all, used elsewhere; and it would be impossible to give an explanation of each particular, without a labour and prolixity disproportioned to its importance to us.
lions ....... lions <0738> [lions.]
cherubs <03742> [cherubims.]
decorative <03914> [certain additions.]
wheels <0212> [wheels.]
supports ...... supports <03802> [had undersetters.]
It is probable that these undersetters were so many strong legs, somewhat shorter than the wheels, and were intended to prevent the laver from tilting, or falling, in case of any accident.
stand <04350> [joined to the base. Heb. in the base.]
engraved ... cherubs <03742 06605> [graved cherubims.]
wherever there was room <04626> [proportion. Heb. nakedness.]
ten ... basins ........... basin .......... basin <03595 06235> [ten lavers.]
side .......... side ......... side <03802> [side. Heb. shoulder. he set.]
Hiram ........ He <02438> [Hiram. Heb. Hirom.]
basins <03595> [the lavers.]
shovels <03257> [the shovels.]
bowls <04219> [the basons.]
Hiram ........ He <02438> [So Hiram.]
two pillars ... two ...... pillars ........... pillars <05982 08147> [two pillars.]
two .... two ........ latticework <07639 08147> [two networks.]
pillar <05982> [the pillars. Heb. the face of the pillars.]
ten movable stands .... ten <04350 06235> [ten bases.]
basin .... Sea <03220 0259> [one sea.]
pots <05518> [the pots.]
bronze <05178 04178> [bright brass. Heb. brass made bright, or scoured.]
earth foundries <0127 04568> [the clay ground. Heb. the thickness of the ground. Succoth.]
Zarethan <06891> [Zarthan.]
Zarthan is supposed to have been situated in the tribe of Manasseh, west of Jordan, near Jezreel and Bethshan or Scythopolis, and not far from the Jordan. Succoth we know was situated east of Jordan, in the tribe of Gad, and according to Jerome, in the district of Scythopolis: hence the "plain of Jordan," where Hiram cast the brazen vessels, must be the plain in which that river runs, Zarthan and Succoth being probably nearly opposite each other; but whether the precise spot of his operations was on this side or the other side, is uncertain. In this place he found that particular clay that was proper for his purpose; and it being a considerable distance from Jerusalem, that city would not be annoyed by the smoke and noxious vapours necessarily occasioned by the process.
[Zartanah.]
[Zaretan.]
[Zeredathah.]
unweighed .... so <07230 03966> [because they were exceeding many. Heb. for the exceeding multitude.]
weigh <02713> [found out. Heb. searched.]
altar <04196> [the altar.]
table <07979> [the table.]
lampstands <04501> [the candlesticks.]
entrance .... inner sanctuary <06440 01687> [before the oracle.]
tongs <04457> [the tongs.]
pans <03709> [spoons.]
censers <04289> [censers. Heb. ash pans.]
finished <07999> [was ended.]
Solomon ....... he put <08010 0935> [Solomon brought.]
It appears, therefore, that Solomon did not use any of the gold and silver in the structure of the temple which his father had provided.
holy ....... father David <01 06944 01732> [things which David his father had dedicated. Heb. holy things of David.]
Solomon <08010> [A.M. 3000. B.C. 1004. Solomon.]
This did not take place, according to Abp. Usher, till the year after the temple was finished, because that year was a jubilee. "The 8th day of the 7th month, viz. the 30th of our October, being Friday, was the first of the seven days of dedication; the 10th day, Saturday, November 1, the fast of expiation or atonement was held; whereon, according to the Levitical law, the jubilee was proclaimed by sound of trumpet. The 15th day, Friday, was the feast of tabernacles, which was always very solemnly kept; and the day following, Nov. 14, being our Saturday, when the Sabbath was ended, the people returned home."
convened <06950> [assembled.]
families <01 05387> [chief of the fathers. Heb. princes.]
transferal <05927> [that they might bring.]
city <05892> [out of the city.]
festival <02282> [at the feast.]
priests lifted <05375 03548> [the priests took up.]
Levites ......... tent ........... tent <0168 03881> [and the.]
tent ........... tent <0168> [tabernacle.]
sacrificed ... sheep <02076 06629> [sacrificing sheep.]
priests <03548> [And the priests.]
place <04725> [his place.]
wings <03671> [under the wings.]
poles .... long <0905 0748> [drew out the staves.]
ends <07218> [ends. Heb. heads. holy place. or, ark, as.]
day <03117> [unto this day.]
ark <0727> [nothing.]
ark <0727> [in the ark.]
placed .... Horeb <03240 02722> [put there at Horeb.]
Lord ............ out <03068 03318> [when. or, where.]
[the cloud.]
glory <03519> [for the glory.]
Lord <03068> [The Lord.]
thick darkness <06205> [the thick.]
truly .... built <01129> [surely built.]
place <04349> [a settled.]
blessing ...... assembly <01288 06951> [blessed all.]
assembly <06951> [all the congregation.]
worthy <01288> [Blessed.]
promised <01696> [which spake.]
<03027> [hath.]
day <03117> [Since.]
chosen ..................... chosen <0977> [I chose.]
live <08034> [my name.]
chosen ..................... chosen David <0977 01732> [I chose David.]
<03282> [Whereas.]
kept <06965> [hath performed.]
Lord ........................ Lord ............. Lord <03068> [as the Lord.]
set <07760> [And I have.]
covenant <01285> [the covenant.]
stood before ... altar <05975 06440 04196> [stood before the altar.]
spread <06566> [spread forth.]
[See on]
Lord God ....... god <03068 0430> [Lord God.]
God ....... god <0430> [no God.]
maintain ....... who obey <08104> [who keepest.]
have ..... promised <01696> [thou spakest.]
keep ........ servant ............................ watch <08104 05650> [keep with thy.]
fail <03772> [There shall not, etc. Heb. There shall not be cut off unto thee a man from my sight.]
[so that. Heb. only if. thy children.]
God <0430> [And now.]
made <01697> [let thy word.]
God <0430> [But will.]
sky .... highest heaven <08064> [the heaven.]
to <06437> [Yet have thou.]
<08085> [hearken.]
watch <05869> [That thine.]
live <08034> [My name.]
place ................ place <04725> [toward this place. or, in this place.]
<06419> [when they shall.]
place ........ place <04725> [toward this place. or, in this place. and hear.]
favorably <05545> [forgive.]
someone <0376> [If any man.]
Solomon here puts seven cases, in all of which the mercy and intervention of God would be indispensably requisite; and he earnestly bespeaks that mercy and intervention, on condition that the people pray towards that holy place, and with a feeling heart make earnest supplication to the throne of mercy.
sinning <02398> [trespass.]
curse <05375 0423> [an oath be laid upon him. Heb. he require an oath of him.]
curse <0423> [the oath.]
Listen ... heaven <08085 08064> [hear thou.]
Condemn <07561> [condemning.]
<06663> [justifying.]
defeated <05062> [smitten down.]
sinned <02398> [because they have.]
back <07725> [turn again.]
pray <06419> [pray.]
temple <01004> [in. or, toward.]
forgive ... sin <02403 05545> [forgive the sin.]
gave <05414> [which thou gavest.]
skies <08064> [heaven.]
prayers <06419> [if they pray.]
renew <03034> [confess.]
turn <07725> [and turn.]
teach <03384> [thou teach.]
right way <01870 02896> [the good way.]
rain ........ given <04306 05414> [give rain.]
land ..... famine ...................... land <07458 0776> [in the land famine.]
cities <08179> [cities. or, jurisdiction.]
pray <08605> [prayer.]
pain <05061> [the plague.]
spread out <06566> [spread forth.]
listen <08085> [Then hear.]
act .... each <0376 05414> [give to every man.]
evaluation .............. evaluate <03045> [for thou.]
obey ..... lifetimes <03372 03117> [fear thee.]
Foreigners <05237> [a stranger.]
come <0935> [cometh out.]
hear <08085> [For they shall.]
great reputation <08034 01419> [great name.]
ability to accomplish mighty deeds <03027 02389> [thy strong hand.]
come <0935> [when he shall.]
[that all the people.]
nations ......... obey ..... people <03372 05971> [fear thee.]
temple <01004> [this house. Heb. thy name is called upon this house.]
direct ........ fight <03318 04421> [go out to battle.]
toward <01870> [whithersoever.]
direct <06419> [shall pray.]
[toward the city. Heb. the way of the city.]
vindicate <04941> [cause. or, right.]
sin ........... sinless <02398> [If they sin.]
The second clause of this verse, as it is here translated, renders this supposition entirely nugatory; for if there be no man that sinneth not, it is useless to say, if they sin: but this objection is removed by rendering the original, "If they shall sin against thee, (for there is no man that, {lo yechetai,} may not sin;") i.e., there is no man impeccable or infallible; none that is not liable to transgress.
one <0120> [there is no man.]
over .............. land <06440 0776> [unto the land.]
repent <07725> [Yet if they.]
land ......... repent ......... land <07725 0776> [bethink themselves. Heb. bring back to their heart. saying.]
admitting <05753> [done perversely.]
return <07725> [And so return.]
direct ...... toward <06419 01870> [pray unto.]
city <05892> [the city.]
listen <08085> [Then hear.]
vindicate <04941> [cause. or, right.]
<05414 07356> [and give them.]
people <05971> [thy people.]
furnace <03564> [the furnace.]
attentive <05869> [That thine.]
prayers <07121> [in all that.]
picked ... out <0914> [separate.]
possession <05159> [thine inheritance.]
announced <01696> [as thou.]
Solomon <08010> [when Solomon.]
where <03766> [kneeling.]
hands <03709> [with his hands.]
blessing <01288> [blessed.]
Lord ... worthy <01288 03068> [Blessed be.]
made ..... secure <04496 05414> [hath given rest.]
unfulfilled <05307> [there.]
unfulfilled <05307> [failed. Heb. fallen.]
<05186> [incline.]
commandments <04687> [his commandments.]
requests ...................... need <01697> [let these my words.]
This and the following verse are a sort of supplement to the prayer; and there is an important addition to this prayer in 2 Ch 6:41, 42, apparently taken from one of the Psalms.
<07138> [nigh.]
arises <03117> [at all times. Heb. the thing of a day in his day.]
requests ...................... need <01697> [as the matter.]
nations <05971> [That all.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
wholehearted <08003> [perfect.]
<02077> [a sacrifice.]
22,000 .... 120,000 <08147 06242> [two and twenty.]
We are not to suppose that all these victims were sacrificed in one day, or on one altar; for this was the whole amount of those that had been offered during the fourteen days which the feast of dedication and the feast of tabernacles lasted; and there appears to have been an altar erected in the middle of the court, which was set apart for that purpose, in consequence of the great altar of burnt offering being not sufficient for the multitude of sacrifices then offered.
dedicated <02596> [dedicated.]
consecrated <06942> [hallow.]
bronze <05178> [the brasen.]
celebrated <06213> [held.]
great <01419> [a great.]
<0935> [from the entering.]
Brook <05158> [the river.]
two ... weeks <07651 03117> [seven days.]
fifteenth day <03117 08066> [the eighth day.]
In the parallel passage of Chronicles this is termed "the three and twentieth day of the seventh month;" that is, the ninth day of the dedication; which Jarchi reconciles by supposing that Solomon gave them leave to return on the eighth day, and many of them did return; and that he dismissed the remainder on the ninth, or twenty-third of the seventh month: See Note on ver. 1.
empower <01288> [blessed. or, thanked.]
happy <08056> [joyful.]
Solomon ................ he <08010> [A.M. 3013. B.C. 991. it came.]
temple .... palace <01004> [the house.]
Solomon ................ he <08010> [all Solomon's.]
appeared ............. appeared <07200> [as he.]
answered <08085> [I have heard.]
consecrated <06942> [I have hallowed.]
making <07760> [to put.]
present <05869> [mine eyes.]
<03212> [And if thou.]
integrity <08537> [in integrity.]
Then <06965> [I will establish.]
turn <07725> [if ye.]
<01980> [go.]
remove <03772> [will I cut.]
temple <01004> [this house.]
Israel ..................... Israel <03478> [and Israel.]
temple .................................. temple <01004> [at.]
Lord <03068> [Why.]
abandoned <05800> [Because.]
Lord ........................ Lord <03068> [therefore.]
After twenty <06242 07097> [at the end of twenty.]
Hiram ............ Hiram <02438> [Now Hiram.]
King Solomon ... King ................ Solomon <08010 04428> [king Solomon.]
Galilee <01551> [of Galilee.]
pleased <03474> [they pleased him not. Heb. were not right in his eyes.]
friend <0251> [my brother.]
Cabul <03521> [Cabul. that is, Displeasing, or dirty.]
Josephus says that {Cabul,} in the Phoenician language, signifies [ouk areskon,] displeasing; and that these cities were situated in the neighbourhood of Tyre. Most commentators are persuaded that the city Cabul in the tribe of Asher was one; and probably from this Hiram took occasion to give this name to all the other cities which Solomon had ceded to him.
details <01697> [A.M. 2989-3029. B.C. 1015-975. the reason.]
build <01129> [to build.]
terrace <04407> [Millo.]
Millo is said to have been a deep valley, between the ancient city of Jebus and the city of David on mount Zion. This Solomon filled up, and built upon; and it became a fortified place, and a place for public assemblies.
wall <02346> [the wall.]
Hazor <02674> [Hazor.]
Probably the city Hazor in Naphtali, and the famous capital of Jabin, situated in the lake Merom or Semechon, and placed by Josephus south of Tyre, near Ptolemais.
Megiddo <04023> [Megiddo.]
Gezer <01507> [Gezer.]
daughter <01323> [daughter.]
Beth Horon <01032> [Beth-horon.]
Baalath <01191> [Baalath.]
Tadmor <08412> [Tadmor.]
storage cities ........ cities <04543 05892> [the cities of store.]
him ............. whatever he wanted <08010 02836 02837> [that which Solomon desired. Heb. the desire of Solomon which he desired.]
left <03498> [left.]
Amorites <0567> [Amorites.]
remained <03498> [left.]
unable <03201> [not.]
conscripted <05927> [levy.]
work crews <04522> [tribute.]
He made them do the most laborious parts of the public works, the Israelites being exempt from all but the more honourable employments.
they ..... role <05647> [bond-service.]
Israelites <01121> [of the children.]
<0582> [but they were men.]
men <08269> [chief.]
Pharaoh's <06547> [Pharaoh's.]
city ... David <01732 05892> [the city of David.]
terrace <04407> [Millo.]
Three times <06471 07969> [three times.]
incense <06999> [he burnt.]
altar ............. before <04196 06440> [upon the altar that was before. Heb. upon it which was before.]
So he finished the house.
built ships <06213 0590> [made a navy.]
Ezion Geber <06100> [Ezion-geber.]
Elat <0359> [Eloth.]
shore <08193> [shore. Heb. lip.]
sailors .......... serve <05650> [his servants.]
Ophir <0211> [Ophir.]
four hundred <0702 03967> [four hundred.]
queen <04436> [A.M. 3014. B.C. 990. And when.]
Sheba <07614> [Sheba.]
heard <08085> [heard.]
Solomon <08034> [concerning.]
challenge .... difficult questions <05254 02420> [prove him.]
great display ... pomp ......... very <03515 02428 03966> [a very great train.]
spices <01314> [spices.]
discussed <01696> [communed.]
questions ..... question <05046 01697> [told her.]
questions ..... question <01697> [questions. Heb. words. hid from the king.]
Solomon's <08010> [Solomon's.]
palace <01004> [the house.]
food <03978> [the meat.]
attendants <04612> [attendance. Heb. standing. cup-bearers. or, butlers. ascent.]
The original {weâ€latho asher ya„leh baith yehowah,} is rendered by the LXX. and Vulgate, [kai ten olokowtosin autou en anepheren en oiko Kuriou;] {et holocausta, qu‘ offerebat in domo Domini,} "And the burnt offerings (or holocausts) which he offered in the house of the Lord;" with which the Chaldee, Syriac, and Arabic agree; and so also Luther, {llnd feine Brandopfer, bie er in bem Daufe bes Derrn opferte;} and this seems to be the true sense of the passage.
<07307> [there was no.]
report .......... wise sayings <01697> [report. Heb. word.]
report .......... wise sayings <01697> [acts. or, sayings.]
believe <0539> [I believed.]
wisdom ... wealth ..... reported <02896 08052 02451> [thy wisdom and prosperity exceeded the fame. Heb. thou hast added wisdom and goodness to the fame.]
attendants ............... truly happy <0835 05650> [happy are these.]
praised <01288> [Blessed.]
[delighteth.]
Lord ..................... Lord's <03068> [because the.]
so .... make <06213> [to do.]
gave ......................... gave <05414> [she gave.]
120 <03967> [an hundred.]
According to Mr. Reynolds, equal to 843,905Å“ 10s. 4d. sterling.
spices ........ spices <01314> [spices.]
precious <03368> [and precious.]
Ophir ..... Ophir <0211> [from Ophir.]
timber <0484> [almug.]
[algum trees.]
supports <04552> [pillars. or, rails. Heb. a prop. harps.]
<02656> [all her desire.]
King Solomon gave .............. offered <08010 05414 04428 03027> [which Solomon gave her of his royal bounty. Heb. which he gave her, according to the hand of king Solomon.]
666 <08337 03967> [A.M. 2989-3029. B.C. 1015-975. was six hundred.]
Equal to 4,683,675Å“ 12s. 8d. sterling; which was what he got annually in bullion.
[See on ch.]
kings <04428> [all the kings.]
governors <06346> [governors. or, captains.]
hundred ....... 600 <03967> [two hundred.]
Mr. Reynolds computes that these 200 targets were worth 28,131Å“ 16s. 9d.; and that the 300 shields were worth 210,976Å“ 7s. 7d.
Palace <01004> [in the house.]
large throne <01419 03678> [a great throne.]
ivory <08127> [ivory.]
<0310> [behind. Heb. on the hinder part thereof. stays. Heb. hands.]
lions <0738> [lions.]
like <06213 03651> [the like made. Heb. so made.]
cups <04945> [drinking.]
Palace <01004> [the house.]
silver <03701> [none were of silver. or, there was no silver in them.]
large merchant ships .............. port <08659> [Tharshish.]
[Tarshish. ivory. or, elephant's teeth.]
apes <06971> [apes.]
{Kophim,} rather monkeys, the same as the Syriac [qwp',] Greek [kephos,] [kepos,] or [kebos,] and Roman {Cephus,} which animal both Pliny and Solinus inform us was brought from Ethiopia. The same name appears in the monkeys, called {KEIIIEN} in the Pr‘nestine Pavement, and in the French {cep} or {ceb.}
peacocks <08500> [peacocks.]
<01431> [exceeded.]
Mr. Reynolds, stating Solomon's income at about four times as much as his father left him, reckons that he had each year 142,242,034Å“. 9s. 7d., each week 2,735,423Å“ 14s. 9d., and each day, 390,770Å“ 16s. 4d.
display <06440 08085> [to. Heb. the face of. which God.]
<0376> [every man.]
mules <06505> [and mules.]
<01697> [a rate.]
Solomon <08010> [Solomon.]
cities <05892> [in the cities.]
king <04428> [the king.]
made .......... was <05414> [made. Heb. gave.]
Solomon <08010> [Solomon, etc. Heb. the going forth of the horses which was]
Solomon's. horse brought.
Que ........ Que <04723> [and linen yarn.]
600 .......... 150 <08337 03967> [for six hundred.]
This was the ordinary price of a chariot, as 150 shekels was that of a horse. It seems that neither horses nor chariots came out of Egypt but by means of Solomon's servants.
kings ........ kings <04428> [the kings.]
sold <03027> [their means. Heb. their hand.]
love <0157> [A.M. 3020-3029. B.C. 984-975. loved.]
daughter <01323> [together with. or, beside.]
came ............... establish friendly relations <0935> [Ye shall not go in.]
surely <0403> [surely.]
Solomon <08010> [Solomon.]
700 ..... 300 <03967 07651> [seven hundred.]
Solomon <08010 06256> [when Solomon.]
wives <0802> [his wives.]
wholeheartedly ........ as <03824> [his heart.]
Astarte <06253> [Ashtoreth.]
god Milcom <04445> [Milcom.]
[Molech.]
[Malcham.]
remain loyal <0310 04390> [went not fully after. Heb. fulfilled not after.]
built ... high place <01129 01116> [build an high.]
god Chemosh <03645> [Chemosh.]
detestable ........ detestable <08251> [abomination.]
hill <02022> [the hill.]
This was the mount of Olives, which lay east of Jerusalem; and that the Hebrews would consider before it, while the west would be behind it; for the very term used to denote the east, {kedem,} means before, while {acharon,} behind, sometimes signifies the west.
foreign wives <0802 05237> [all his strange wives.]
angry <0599> [angry.]
allegiance <03824> [his heart.]
appeared <07200> [which had appeared.]
warned ...................... command <06680> [commanded.]
kept <08104> [is done of thee. Heb. is with thee. thou hast not.]
insist ................... tear <07167> [I will surely.]
this <03117> [in thy days.]
David's <01732> [for David.]
tear ....... hand <07167 03027> [I will rend it out.]
But <07535> [Howbeit.]
one tribe <0259 07626> [one tribe.]
David's <01732> [for David.]
Jerusalem <03389> [for Jerusalem's.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
enemy <07854> [an adversary.]
David's <01732> [when David.]
killed <05221> [after he had.]
male <02145> [every male.]
small boy <05288 06996> [a little child.]
{N„ƒr katon,} rather, "a little boy:" one who was apprehensive of his danger, and could, with his father's servants, make his escape.
Midian <04080> [Midian.]
Probably not the Midian east of the Red Sea, to which Moses fled, (Ex 2:15, etc.) but the Midian east of the Dead Sea, and south of Moab. These Midianites, whose daughters seduced the Israelites to commit idolatry (Nu 22:4, 7; 25:15; 31:2, etc.) were descendants of Midian, son of Abraham, (Ge 25:2.) Their capital city was called Midian, and its remains were to be seen in the time of Eusebius and Jerome: it was situated on the Arnon, south of the city Ar, or Areopolis.
Paran ....... Paran <06290> [Paran.]
Probably the city of Paran, or the district around it, situated in the south of Idumea, and according to Eusebius, three days' journey east from Elah or Elath, at the head of the eastern branch, or Elamitic gulf of the Red Sea.
liked <04672> [found.]
gave <05414> [that he gave.]
Tahpenes <08472> [Tahpenes.]
<01580> [weaned.]
Hadad ................... Hadad <01908> [Hadad.]
Give ... permission to leave <07971> [Let me depart. Heb. Send me away.]
lack <02638> [But.]
permission <07971> [Nothing. Heb. Not. let me go.]
God <0430> [God.]
Hadadezer <01909> [Hadadezer.]
[Hadarezer.]
Damascus ........... city <01834> [to Damascus.]
Damascus ........... city <01834> [in Damascus.]
Damascus, called also Damesk, but generally El Sham, by the Arabs, is situated in a delightful plain, well watered by the Barrada, at the eastern foot of Antilibanus, being surrounded by the hills in the form of a triumphal arch, 136 miles N. of Jerusalem, 195 S. of Antioch, and 276 S. S. W. of Diarbekir. It is a city of the highest antiquity, being at least as ancient as the time of Abraham: it has been often captured, and several times demolished, but has always risen to splendour and dignity. The modern town is described by Maundrell as of a long, straight figure, it ends pointing nearly N. E. and S. W. It is very slender in the middle, but swells bigger at each end, especially at that to the N. E. According to Niebuhr, the walls are something less than a league and half in circumference; and the population is estimated at from 100,000 to 150,000
reign <03117> [all the days.]
loathed <06973> [abhorred.]
Jeroboam <03379> [Jeroboam.]
Ephraimite <0673> [an Ephrathite.]
Solomon's servants <08010 05650> [Solomon's servant.]
prompted <07311> [lifted up.]
Solomon <08010> [Solomon.]
closed <05462> [repaired. Heb. closed.]
gap <06556> [the breaches.]
city <05892> [the city.]
accomplished <06213> [was industrious. Heb. did work.]
leader <06485> [he made.]
work crew <05447> [charge. Heb. burden.]
tribe <01004> [the house.]
Ahijah <0281> [Ahijah.]
Shilonite <07888> [Shilonite.]
two <08147> [and they two.]
tore .... twelve <07167 08147> [rent it.]
told <0559> [thus saith.]
one <0259> [he shall.]
Jerusalem ... city <03389 05892> [for Jerusalem's sake.]
abandoned <05800> [they have forsaken.]
Astarte <06253> [Ashtoreth.]
take <03947> [Howbeit.]
David <01732> [for David.]
take <03947> [I will take.]
give <05414> [will give.]
David's <01732> [David.]
dynasty <05216> [light. Heb. lamp, or candle. the city. See on ver.]
<05315> [according.]
obey <08085> [if thou wilt.]
establish ......... did <01129> [that I will.]
establish ......... did <01129> [build the.]
humiliate <06031> [afflict.]
forever <03117> [not for ever.]
Solomon tried ....................... Solomon <08010 01245> [Solomon sought.]
Shishak <07895> [Shishak.]
This is the first time we meet with the proper name of an Egyptian king in Scripture, Pharaoh being the general appellation for all the sovereigns of that country. Some are of opinion that Shishak is the same with the celebrated Sesostris of the Greek historians; but it is probable that this king lived long before Solomon's time. Usher thinks him to be Sesonchis, and places the beginning of his reign, A.M. 3026, B.C. 978.
rest <03499> [rest.]
events .................... Annals <01697> [acts. or, words, or things.]
<03117> [time. Heb. days. forty years.]
Josephus says fourscore years; which is sufficiently absurd. Calmet supposes him to have been 18 years old when he came to the throne, and 58 when he died.
passed away <07901> [A.M. 3029. B.C. 975. slept.]
buried <06912> [buried.]
Rehoboam <07346> [Rehoboam.]
[Roboam.]
