2 Chronicles 10:1--31:21
Rehoboam <07346> [Rehoboam.]
[Roboam. Shechem.]
[Sichem.]
Israel <03478> [all.]
Jeroboam .................... Jeroboam <03379> [Jeroboam.]
sent <07971> [they sent.]
father <01> [Thy father.]
hard <07185 07186> [grievous.]
return <07725> [Come again.]
consulted ....................... advise <03289> [took counsel.]
consulted .................... How .... advise <0349 03289> [What counsel.]
fair <02896> [If thou be kind.]
said ....... fair <02896 01696> [speak good.]
rejected <05800> [he forsook.]
young <03206> [the young men.]
It was a custom in different countries to educate with the heir to the throne, young noblemen of nearly the same age. This, as Calmet observes, answered two great and important ends: 1. It excited the prince to emulation; that he might, as far as possible, surpass in all manly exercises, and in all acts of prudence and virtue, those whom one day he was to surpass in the elevation and dignity of his station. 2. That he might acquire a correct knowledge of the disposition and views of those who were likely to be, under him, the highest officers of the state, and consequently know the better how to trust and employ them.
advise <03289> [What advice.]
Lessen <07043> [Ease.]
said .... Say ...................... say <0559> [Thus shalt.]
harsher <06995 05666> [My little finger.]
"My weakness," says the Targumist, "shall be stronger than the might of my father."
father .............. father <01> [my father.]
imposed ........ make ... even heavier <06006 03254> [put. Heb. laded. I will put.]
whips that really sting your flesh <06137> [scorpions.]
Return <07725> [Come.]
responded <06030> [answered.]
rejected <05800> [forsook.]
advice <06098> [the advice.]
father <01> [My father.]
king <04428> [the king.]
instigating <05252> [the cause.]
<03068> [that the Lord.]
Ahijah <0281> [Ahijah.]
portion <02506> [What portion.]
son <01121> [the son.]
David ...................... David <01732> [David.]
Israel .................................. Israel ............ Israel <03478> [So all Israel.]
Israelites <01121> [But as for.]
Hadoram <01913> [Hadoram.]
[Adoniram.]
[Adoram. stoned him.]
managed <0553> [made speed. Heb. strengthened himself.]
Israel <03478> [Israel.]
day <03117> [unto this day.]
Rehoboam ...................... Rehoboam <07346> [when Rehoboam.]
180,000 <03967> [an hundred.]
Shemaiah <08098> [to Shemaiah.]
prophet <0376> [the man.]
Israelites <03478> [to all Israel.]
brothers ........................ Jeroboam <0251 03379> [against.]
go .................. attack <07725> [return.]
caused <01697> [for this thing.]
obeyed <08085> [they obeyed.]
built <01129> [A.M. 3029-3032. B.C. 975-972. built.]
Bethlehem <01035> [Beth-lehem.]
Bethlehem, called Bethlehem Judah (Jud 17:7,) to distinguish it from another Bethlehem in Zebulun, (Jos 19:15,) and also Ephratah, (i.e., fruitful,) and by the Arabs, Bait-el-lahm, is situated on a rising ground on the southern side of a deep and extensive valley, and reclining from E. to W. not quite six miles S. of Jerusalem.
Etam <05862> [Etam.]
Tekoa <08620> [Tekoa.]
Zur <01049> [Beth-zur.]
Soco <07755> [Shoco.]
[Socoh. Adullam.]
Gath <01661> [Gath.]
Mareshah <04762> [Mareshah.]
Ziph <02128> [Ziph.]
Lachish <03923> [Lachish.]
Zorah <06881> [Zorah.]
[Zoreah.]
[Ajalon. Hebron.]
fortified <02388> [he fortified.]
officers <05057> [captains.]
shields <06793> [he put shields.]
Judah <03063> [having Judah.]
supported ....... resided <03320 01366> [A.M. 3030. B.C. 974. resorted to him. Heb. presented themselves to him.]
pasturelands <04054> [suburbs.]
property <0272> [their possession.]
Jeroboam <03379> [Jeroboam.]
goat <08163> [for the devils.]
The word, {se‹rim} literally signifies hairy ones, or goats: see Note on Le 17:7.
calf <05695> [for the calves.]
Those ................. followed them <0310> [And after.]
<05414> [set.]
sacrifice <02076> [to sacrifice.]
supported <02388> [A.M. 3029-3032. B.C. 975-972. strengthened.]
three years ........... three years <07969 08141> [three years.]
daughter .......... daughter <01323> [A.M. 3029-3046. B.C. 975-958. daughter.]
Eliab was David's eldest brother; and more than eighty years had elapsed since David, at the age of thirty, began to reign: Abigail must therefore have been grand-daughter to Eliab; and this shows the latitude in which the words son and daughter are used in Scripture.
Eliab <0446> [Eliab.]
[Elihu.]
Maacah <04601> [Maachah.]
[Michaiah the daughter of Uriel. Absalom.]
[Abishalom. Abijah.]
[Abijam.]
[Abia.]
wives ...... eighteen wives ....... twenty-eight <08083 0802> [eighteen wives.]
appointed Abijah <05975 029> [made Abijah.]
wisely <0995> [he dealt.]
placed ....... throughout <06555> [dispersed.]
fortified cities <05892 04694> [every fenced city.]
[many wives. Heb. a multitude of wives.]
Rehoboam's <07346> [A.M. 3032. B.C. 972. when Rehoboam.]
rejected <05800> [he forsook.]
Israel <03478> [all Israel.]
Shishak <07895> [A.M. 3034. B.C. 970. Shishak.]
unfaithful <04603> [because.]
1,200 <03967> [twelve hundred.]
innumerable number <04557> [without number.]
Libyans <03864> [Lubims.]
Lubim, apparently the same with Lehabim (Ge 10:13,) were probably the ancient inhabitants of Lybia, (called Lubi in the Syriac version, Ac 2:10,) a district of Africa, adjoining to Egypt, and extending along the shore of the Mediterranean as far as the city of Cyrene.
Sukkites <05525> [the Sukkiims.]
The Sukkiim, (from {sachach,} "to cover,") are supposed to have been the Troglodites, as the LXX. and Vulgate render, a people of Egypt, on the west of the Red Sea, so called because they dwelt [en troglais,] in caves.
Cushites <03569> [Ethiopians.]
These Cushim were probably the inhabitants of Ethiopia, south of Egypt.
[Cushim. Heb.]
fortified <04694> [the fenced.]
marched <0935> [came.]
Shemaiah <08098> [Shemaiah.]
rejected ...... rejected <05800 0637> [Ye have forsaken me.]
rejected ...... rejected ..... hand <05800 03027> [left you.]
humbled <03665> [humbled.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
destroy <07843> [therefore.]
soon <04592> [some. or, a little while.]
anger <02534> [and my wrath.]
subjects <05650> [Nevertheless.]
experience <03045> [that they may.]
Shishak <07895> [Shishak.]
took ............... took <03947> [took away.]
shields <04043> [the shields.]
bronze shields <04043 05178> [shields of brass.]
officers <08269> [the chief.]
humbled <03665> [when.]
Judah .... good things <01697 02896 03063> [also in Judah things went well. or, yet in Judah there were good things.]
Rehoboam ............... king <07346> [A.M. 3029-3046. B.C. 975-958. for Rehoboam.]
city <05892> [the city.]
<07760> [to put.]
Ammonite <05985> [an Ammonitess.]
determined <03559> [he prepared. Heb. he fixed.]
follow <01875> [to seek.]
start ... finish <07223 0314> [first and last.]
events ............. Annals <01697> [book. Heb. words. Shemaiah.]
Iddo <05714> [Iddo.]
<04421> [wars.]
passed away <07901> [slept.]
Abijah <029> [Abijah.]
[Abijam.]
[Abia.]
eighteenth <08083> [A.M. 3046-3049. B.C. 958-955. in the eighteenth. See on ch.]
Michaiah <04322> [Michaiah.]
[Maachah the daughter of Absalom.]
[Abishalom. Gibeah.]
[Gibeath.]
war <04421> [A.M. 3047. B.C. 957. And there was.]
launched ... attack <0631 04421> [set. Heb. bound together.]
400,000 ......... 800,000 <03967 0702> [four hundred.]
400,000 ......... 800,000 <03967 08083> [eight hundred.]
Zemaraim <06787> [Zemaraim.]
Zemaraim could not be, as some have supposed, the same as the hill of Samaria, [Sh“merown <\\See definition 08111\\>,] so called from Shemer, in the days of Omri; but was probably a hill on the confines of Ephraim, near Zemaraim, a city of Benjamin, near Bethel.
Listen .... Jeroboam <08085 03379> [Hear me.]
realize <03045> [Ought ye not.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
David <01732> [to David.]
formal agreement <04417 01285> [a covenant of salt.]
rebelled <04775> [rebelled.]
Lawless ... men <0582 07386> [vain men.]
good-for-nothing .......... son <01121 01100> [the children of Belial.]
young man <05288> [young.]
resist <02388> [could not.]
<06440> [the kingdom.]
huge <01995 07227> [a great multitude.]
gold <02091> [with you golden.]
banished <05080> [cast out.]
priests ........... priests ....... do ................. priest <03548 06213> [made you priests.]
[consecrated himself. Heb. fill his hand.]
descendants ........................ young <01121> [young.]
But .......................................... gods <0430 03808> [no gods.]
Lord ................ Lord's <03068> [the Lord.]
We have not abandoned the Lord; and we still serve him according to His own law. But what Abijah urged concerning the state of religion in Judah was not strictly just; and, as spoken by him, it favoured ostentation. Abijah himself was but an indifferent character; and idolatry was evidently connived at in his days. Yet it was true, that the men of Judah had the priests, ordinances, and worship of Jehovah among them; that there were numbers of pious worshippers in the land; that theirs was the more righteous cause; that Jehovah was on their side as their Captain, while Israel fought against him; and that the presence of the priests with the sacred trumpets was a token of His presence and favour.
priests <03548> [the priests.]
offer <06999> [they burn.]
fragrant incense <07004 05561> [sweet incense.]
Bread <03899> [shewbread.]
lampstand <04501> [the candlestick.]
<08104> [we keep.]
God ............................. God <0430> [God.]
leader <07218> [for our captain.]
priests <03548> [his priests.]
fight .... Lord <03898 03068> [fight ye.]
win <06743> [ye shall not.]
ambush .................. ambushers <03993> [an ambushment.]
turned <06437> [looked back.]
cried out <06817> [cried.]
priests <03548> [the priests.]
men .......... men <0376> [as the men.]
struck <05062 0430> [God smote.]
God handed ... over <05414 0430> [God delivered.]
500,000 <02568 03967> [five hundred.]
relied <08172> [relied.]
seized ..... cities <05892 03920> [took cities.]
Jeshanah <03466> [Jeshanah.]
Jeshanah, according to the Talmud, was not far from Sephoris. Perhaps it is the Migdal-Senna of Eusebius, eight miles north of Jericho.
Ephron <06085> [Ephrain.]
Ephrain, or Ephron, a city of Benjamin, is placed by Eusebius, eight miles north of Jerusalem, near Bethel. Josephus calls Ephrain and Bethel two little cities; and places the former in the tribe of Benjamin, near the wilderness of Judea, in the way to Jericho.
[Ephron.]
Jeroboam <03379> [did.]
Lord <03068> [Lord.]
died <04191> [he died.]
power <02388> [waxed.]
fourteen wives <0702 0802> [fourteen wives.]
fathered <03205> [begat.]
writings <04097> [story. or, commentary. Iddo.]
passed away <07901> [A.M. 3049. B.C. 955. slept.]
Asa <0609> [Asa.]
desired ... approved <03477 02896> [A.M. 3063-3073. B.C. 941-931. good and right.]
removed <05493> [For he took.]
high places <01116> [the high places.]
smashed <07665> [brake.]
sacred pillars <04676> [images. Heb. statue.]
cut down <01438> [cut down.]
ordered <0559> [commanded.]
seek <01875> [seek.]
observe <06213> [to do.]
incense altars <02553> [images. Heb. sun-images.]
built <01129> [And he built.]
land <0776> [for the land.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
said <0559> [Therefore.]
land <0776> [while the land.]
followed ......... made <01875> [we have sought.]
secure <05117> [and he hath given.]
Judah <03063> [out of Judah.]
Zerah <02226> [A.M. 3063. B.C. 941. Zerah.]
Mareshah <04762> [Mareshah.]
Zephathah <06859> [Zephathah.]
[Zephath.]
prayed .... Lord ..... Lord ..................... Lord .................... Lord <07121 03068> [cried unto.]
help ......... Help <05826> [nothing.]
outnumbered <03581> [them that.]
rely on ........ behalf <08172 08034> [rest on thee.]
behalf <08034> [in thy name.]
men <0582> [man. or, mortal man.]
Gerar <01642> [Gerar.]
shattered <07665> [destroyed. Heb. broken. before the Lord.]
army <04264> [his host.]
panic <06343> [the fear.]
huge amount <07227> [exceeding.]
tents ......... livestock <04735 0168> [the tents of cattle.]
carried <07617> [carried away.]
Spirit <07307> [the Spirit.]
Asa ........ Asa <06440 0609> [to meet Asa. Heb. before Asa. Hear ye me.]
Lord <03068> [The Lord.]
seek ..... respond <01875 04672> [if ye seek him.]
respond ....... reject ..... reject <05800> [if ye forsake.]
<07227> [a long.]
true God <0430 0571> [true God.]
instruct <03384> [a teaching.]
law <08451> [without law.]
distress <06862> [in their trouble.]
responded <04672> [found of them.]
safely <07965> [no peace.]
total chaos <04103 07227> [great vexations.]
nation ..... another <01471> [nation.]
crushed <03807> [destroyed. Heb. beaten in pieces. God.]
strong <02388> [ye strong.]
work <06468> [your work.]
Oded <05752> [Oded.]
encouraged <02388> [took courage.]
detestable idols <08251> [abominable idols. Heb. abominations.]
cities <05892> [the cities.]
altar .... Lord ......... Lord's <04196 03068> [the altar of the Lord.]
settlers <01481> [the strangers.]
come to live <05307> [they fell.]
saw <07200> [they saw.]
third month <02320 07992> [the third month.]
sacrificed <02076> [offered.]
time <03117> [the same time. Heb. in that day. seven hundred.]
agreed <0935> [they entered.]
seek <01875> [seek.]
seek <01875> [whosoever.]
whether .... young <04480 06996> [whether small.]
swore <07650> [sware.]
trumpets <02689> [trumpets.]
happy <08055> [rejoiced.]
vow <07650> [sworn.]
willingly sought <01245 07522> [sought him.]
responded <04672> [and he was.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
Maacah <04601> [Maachah.]
grandmother <0517> [the mother. that is, grandmother.]
removed <05493> [he removed.]
loathsome ........ Asherah pole <04656> [idol. Heb. horror. cut down.]
high places <01116> [the high places.]
Asa ... wholeheartedly <0609 03824> [the heart of Asa.]
brought <0935> [brought.]
thirty-fifth <07970 02568> [A.M. 3063-3073. B.C. 941-931. five and thirtieth.]
thirty-sixth <08337> [A.M. 3074. B.C. 930. In the six.]
See Note on 1 Ki 15:32. "From the rending of the ten tribes from Judah, over which Asa was now king."
<01115> [to the intent.]
<03318> [brought out.]
Damascus <01834> [Damascus. Heb. Darmeskek.]
treaty .................... treaty <01285> [a league.]
Break <06565> [break.]
accepted <08085> [hearkened.]
army <02428> [his armies. Heb. armies which were his. Ijon.]
Dan <01835> [Dan.]
Abel Maim <066> [Abel-maim.]
Abel-maim is called Abel-beth-maachah in 1 Ki 15:20, and elsewhere, on account of its belonging to the district of Beth-maachah.
cities ............. storage cities <05892 04543> [the store cities.]
stopped <02308> [that he left off.]
carry <05375> [they carried.]
Geba <01387> [Geba.]
[Gaba.]
Mizpah <04709> [Mizpah.]
[Mizpeh.]
Hanani <02607> [Hanani.]
relied .......... rely <08172> [Because.]
King ........... relied .... king ....... rely ........... king <08172 04428 03068> [relied on.]
<02428> [the host.]
Cushites <03569> [the Ethiopians.]
Libyans <03864> [the Lubims.]
huge army <07230 02428> [a huge host. Heb. in abundance. because.]
watches <05869> [the eyes.]
strengthen <02388> [to shew himself, etc. or, strongly to hold with them, etc. whose heart.]
acted foolishly <05528> [Herein.]
now <06258> [henceforth.]
angry <03707> [wroth.]
put .... jail <05414 04115> [put him.]
oppressed <07533> [oppressed. Heb. crushed.]
time <06256> [the same time.]
events ... Asa's <0609 01697> [A.M. 3049-3090. B.C. 955-914. the acts of Asa.]
Judah <03063> [Judah.]
disease <02456> [A.M. 3088. B.C. 916. diseased.]
disease <02483> [in his disease.]
doctors <07495> [physicians.]
passed away <07901> [A.M. 3090. B.C. 914. slept.]
tomb <06913> [his own sepulchres.]
carved <03738 08313> [made. Heb. digged. sweet odours.]
mixtures of ointments ... made <04639 04842> [the apothecaries' art.]
Jehoshaphat <03092> [Jehoshaphat.]
[Josaphat. and strengthened.]
placed troops ......... posted <02428 05414> [placed forces.]
cities ............. cities <05892> [in the cities.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
followed <01980> [he walked.]
ancestor David's <01732 01> [his father David. or, his father, and of David.]
seek <01875> [sought.]
<01980> [walked.]
unlike <04639> [not after.]
Lord <03068> [A.M. 3091. B.C. 913. the Lord.]
<05414> [brought. Heb. gave. presents.]
wealthy <06239> [he had riches.]
<03820> [his heart.]
committed <01361> [lifted up. that is, was encouraged. in the ways.]
removed <05493> [he took away.]
sent <07971> [A.M. 3092. B.C. 912. he sent.]
In these verse we have an account of a remarkable itinerant ministry established by Jehoshaphat, in which three classes of men were employed: 1. the Princes; 2. the Levites; 3. the Priests. We may presume that the Princes instructed the people in the nature of the civil law and constitution of the kingdom; that the Levites instructed them in every thing that appertained to the temple service, and ritual law; and that the Priests instructed them in the nature and design of their religion. Thus the nation became thoroughly instructed in their duty to God, to the king, and to each other; they therefore became as one man; and against a people thus united, on such principles, no enemy could be successful.
teach <03925> [to teach.]
priests <03548> [priests.]
taught ........................ taught <03925> [they taught.]
scroll <05612> [the book.]
cities <05892> [throughout.]
fear <06343> [the fear.]
kingdoms <04467> [fell. Heb. was. so that.]
brought ........... brought <0935> [brought.]
increasing <01980 01432> [A.M. 3092-3115. B.C. 912-889. waxed great.]
Judah <03063> [in Judah.]
fortresses <01003> [castles. or, palaces.]
many supplies stored <04399 07227> [much business.]
divisions <06486> [the numbers.]
families <01004> [to the house.]
300,000 <07969 03967> [three hundred.]
Jehochanan <03027 03076> [next to him. Heb. at this hand.]
volunteered <05068> [willingly.]
equipped <05401> [armed men.]
placed .... fortified <05414 04013> [put in.]
wealthy <06239> [A.M. 3107. B.C. 897. riches.]
alliance <02859> [joined affinity.]
He took Athaliah, the daughter of Ahab, to be wife to his son Joram, (2 Ki 8:18;) which fatal connection was highly displeasing to God, and Jehoshaphat was severely reproved for it by Jehu the seer, 2 Ch 19:1-3.
after ... years <08141 07093> [after certain years. Heb. at the end of years.]
went down <03381> [he went.]
Ahab .... Ahab <0256> [Ahab.]
persuaded <05496> [persuaded.]
Ramoth <07433> [Ramoth-gilead.]
army <05971> [I am as thou.]
seek <01875> [Enquire.]
prophets <05030> [prophets.]
<03212> [Shall we go.]
Attack <05927> [Go up.]
prophet <05030> [Is there not.]
ask <01875> [besides. Heb. yet, or more.]
one man <0376 0259> [one man.]
despise ....... prophesy <08130 05012> [I hate him.]
prosperity <02896> [good.]
always <03117> [me.]
king ............................................ king <04428> [Let not the.]
officer <05631> [officers. or, eunuchs.]
Quickly <04116> [Fetch quickly. Heb. hasten.]
sitting on ... respective <03427 0376> [sat either.]
dressed in <03847> [clothed.]
threshing floor <01637> [void place. or, floor.]
Threshing-floors, among the ancient Jews, as we have before remarked, were only, as they are to this day in the East, round level plats of ground in the open air. Hence a floor might well be near the gate of Samaria, which was built on a hill, and afford no improper place for the kings of Judah and Israel to give audience to the prophets.
prophets <05030> [all the prophets.]
iron horns <01270 07161> [horns of iron.]
Mr. Bruce, in describing the head-dress of the governors of Abyssinia, says, "A large broad fillet was bound upon their forehead, and tied behind their head: in the middle of this was a horn, or conical piece of silver, gilt, about four inches long, much in the shape of our common candle extinguishers. This is called {kirn,} {[keren,]} and is only worn in reviews, or parades after victory." Such, it may be supposed, were the horns of iron which Zedekiah (who appears to have acted the hero returning from a military triumph) made for himself, when he presumed, in the name of Jehovah, to flatter his prince with the promise of victory: "Thus saith the Lord, With these thou shalt push Syria, until they be consumed."
said ....... says <0559> [Thus.]
destroyed <03615> [they be consumed. Heb. thou consume them.]
prophets <05030> [all the prophets.]
words ......... success <01697> [Behold.]
<06310> [assent. Heb. mouth.]
God <0430> [even what my God.]
Attack <05927> [Go ye up.]
solemnly <07650> [shall I adjure.]
replied ................... said <0559> [he said.]
sheep <06629> [as sheep.]
master <0113> [master.]
said ...... tell <0559> [Did I not tell.]
disaster <07451> [but evil. or, but for evil.]
hear ... word <01697 08085> [hear the word.]
saw <07200> [I saw.]
assembly <06635> [all the host.]
deceive <06601> [Who shall entice.]
so .... attack ...... there <05927> [go up.]
Then .... stepped <03318> [there came.]
lying spirit <07307 08267> [a lying spirit.]
[See on]
Deceive <06601 03201> [Thou shalt.]
Lord ... placed ................ Lord ... decreed <03068 05414 01696> [the lord hath.]
Lord .................. Lord <03068> [and the Lord.]
Zedekiah <06667> [Zedekiah.]
Which way <0335 01870> [Which way.]
see <07200> [Behold.]
inner room <02315> [into an inner chamber. or, from chamber to chamber. Heb. into a chamber in a chamber.]
"In one of the halls of the {seraglio} at Constantinople," says De La Motraye, "the eunuch made us pass by several little chambers, with doors shut, like the cells of monks or nuns, as far as I could judge by one that another eunuch opened." This exactly corresponds with the idea of a "chamber within a chamber;" and it would appear that Micaiah predicted that Zedekiah should fly for shelter to a Harem, which we have seen was deemed inviolate. (See on 1 Sa 19:16.)
return <07725> [and carry him back.]
Put <07760> [Put.]
prison <01004> [this fellow.]
bread <03906 03899> [bread of affliction.]
return <07725> [until I return.]
really ... return ... then <07725> [If.]
note <08085> [Hearken.]
king ..... King <04428> [the king.]
disguise ................... disguised <02664> [I will disguise.]
wear .... attire <0899 03847> [put thou on thy robes.]
king ........................ king <04428> [the king.]
fight ...... ranking <03898 06996> [Fight ye.]
ranking <01419 06996> [small or great.]
Jehoshaphat .................. Jehoshaphat <03092> [Jehoshaphat.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
God lured <05496 0430> [God moved them.]
away ... him <0310> [from pursuing him. Heb. from after him.]
shot <04900> [a certain man.]
random <08537> [at a venture. Heb. in his simplicity.]
plates <01694> [between the, etc. Heb. between the joints and between the breast plate.]
The {shiryon,} in Syriac, {sheryono,} seems to have covered both the back and breast of the warrior, and was consequently not properly a breast-plate, but a coat of mail or corslet. The corslet was made of flax or of wool woven very thick, of ox-hide, of brass, or of iron. The metallic corslet consisted not of solid piece, but of scales, hooks, or rings, connected like the links of a chain, that the warrior might move with greater ease. It was between the joints of this harness that Ahab received his mortal wound.
wounded <02470> [wounded. Heb. made sick.]
died <04191> [he died.]
safely <07965> [A.M. 3108. B.C. 896. in peace.]
Jehu <03058> [And Jehu.]
Hanani <02607> [Hanani.]
prophet <02374> [the seer.]
help <05826> [Shouldest.]
oppose ... Lord ........ Lord <03068 08130> [hate the Lord.]
angry <07110> [is wrath.]
good <01697 02896> [good things.]
determined <03559> [prepared.]
went out ............... encouraged <07725 03318> [went out again. Heb. returned and went out.]
Beer Sheba <0884> [Beer-sheba.]
hill country <02022> [mount.]
went ................ encouraged <07725> [brought.]
careful <07200> [Take.]
judges ........... judging <08199> [ye judge.]
judicial <01697> [judgment. Heb. matter of judgment.]
Respect <06343> [let the.]
injustice <05766> [no iniquity.]
disapproves .... partiality <06440 04856> [respect of persons.]
bribery <07810 04727> [taking of gifts.]
Levites <03881> [Levites.]
judge <04941> [the judgment.]
respect <03374> [in the fear.]
violent crime <01818> [between blood.]
warn ................................... guilt <02094 0816> [warn them.]
countrymen ................................................ angry ...... colleagues <07110 0251> [wrath come.]
Amariah <0568> [Amariah.]
matters .... the .......... the ... of the ....... matters .... the ... The <01697> [all matters.]
you Confidently carry ............ do <02388 06213> [Deal courageously. Heb. Take courage and do.]
Lord's ...................................... Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
well <02896> [the good.]
Later ... Moabites ... Ammonites <0310 01121> [after this also.]
Moabites ... Ammonites <04124 01121> [the children of Moab.]
Jehoshaphat <0935 03092> [came against.]
side .... Dead Sea <03220 05676> [beyond the sea.]
That is, the Dead or Salt Sea, the western and northern boundary of Edom, which is the reading of one of Dr. Kennicott's MSS. (89,) instead of {aram}, "Syria."
Hazezon Tamar <02688> [Hazazon-tamar.]
En Gedi <05872> [En-gedi.]
afraid <03372> [feared.]
<06440> [himself. Heb. his face. seek the Lord. See on ch.]
so ............... observe <07121> [proclaimed.]
ask .... Lord's ............ ask .... Lord's <03068 01245> [ask help of the Lord.]
cities <05892> [the cities.]
Jehoshaphat <03092> [Jehoshaphat.]
Lord <03068> [O Lord.]
God ........ God ..... heaven <0430 08064> [God in heaven.]
rules ..... kingdoms <04910 04467> [rulest not.]
<03027> [in thine hand.]
stand <03320> [none is able.]
God <0430> [our God.]
drove <03423> [who. Heb. thou. drive out.]
gave <05414> [gavest.]
friend <0157> [thy friend.]
built ..... temple <01129 04720> [built thee.]
[If, when evil.]
front ..... before <06440> [and in thy presence.]
present <08034> [thy name.]
temple .......... temple <01004> [is in this house.]
Several MSS. with the Syriac, Arabic, and Vulgate, read {nikra}, "is invoked:" "thy name is invoked in this house."
allow <05414> [whom thou.]
repaying .... come <01580 0935> [how they reward us.]
Six of Dr. Kennicott's and De Rossi's MSS. and {r„ƒh}, "evil:" "Behold they reward us evil:" which is also the reading of the Targum.
drive <01644> [to cast us.]
judge <08199> [wilt.]
powerless <03581> [we have.]
know <03045> [neither.]
look <05869> [our eyes.]
Judah <03063> [all Judah.]
Jachaziel <03166> [Then upon.]
Spirit <07307> [came the Spirit.]
afraid <03372> [Be not afraid.]
battle <04421> [the battle.]
Ascent <04608> [cliff. Heb. ascent. Ziz.]
The cliff of Ziz was probably near Ziza, which Ptolemy places in Arabia Petra‘, long. 69 11/24 degrees lat. 31 degrees.
[brook. or, valley. the wilderness.]
The wilderness of Jeruel seems, from ver. 20, to have been a part of the wilderness of Tekoa.
fight <03898> [not need.]
stand ... watch <05975 07200> [stand ye still.]
Lord .................... Lord <03068> [for the Lord.]
bowed ..... face <06915 0639> [bowed his head.]
fell ... before <05307 06440> [fell before.]
Levites <03881> [Levites.]
Korahites <07145> [Korhites.]
loudly <01419> [a loud.]
Tekoa <08620> [Tekoa.]
Listen <08085> [Hear ye.]
Trust .... Lord ........ safe Trust <0539 03068> [Believe in the Lord.]
Trust ........... safe Trust ....... prophets <0539 05030> [believe his.]
met <03289> [consulted.]
appointed <05975> [appointed.]
praise <01984> [that should praise. Heb. praisers of. the beauty.]
Lord ................ Give thanks .... Lord <03034 03068> [Praise the Lord.]
When ... began <06256 02490> [when they. Heb. in the time that they, etc. to sing and to.]
Heb. in singing and. the Lord set ambushments. Houbigant's version is, "the Lord set against the children of Amon and Moab ambushments of those who came from mount Seir against Judah; and the children of Ammon and Moab were smitten: but they afterwards rose up against the inhabitants of mount Seir, and utterly destroyed them; who being destroyed, they rose up one against one another, and mutually destroyed each other."
defeated <05062> [were smitten. or, smote one another.]
Mount Seir ............. Seir <08165 02022> [mount Seir.]
destroyed ... another <04889 07453> [to destroy another. Heb. for the destruction.]
dead bodies <06297> [they were dead.]
survivors <06413> [none escaped. Heb. there was not an escaping.]
found <04672> [they found.]
clothing <06297> [dead bodies.]
Instead of {pegarim,} "dead bodies," eight MSS. and several ancient editions read {begadim,} "garments." None of the ancient versions, except the Chaldee, have dead bodies: garments would therefore appear to be the true reading; and the succeeding clause should be rendered, "which they seized for themselves."
items <03627 02532> [precious jewels.]
so much <07227> [it was so much.]
Berachah ............... Berachah <01294> [Berachah. that is, Blessing.]
Having previously sought deliverance by fasting and prayer, and received the assurance of it with grateful joy, Jehoshaphat and his army returned immediate and fervent thanks and praise to the Lord, who had in so wonderful a manner performed his promise. Scott, who quotes the following from Bp. Patrick: "They did not return every man to his own home; but first went back to Jerusalem, to bless the Lord again for hearing their prayer and making good his promises."
praised <01288> [blessed.]
called <08034> [the name.]
day .......................... day <03117> [unto this day.]
leading <07218> [forefront. Heb. head.]
<03068> [the Lord.]
stringed instruments <05035> [with psalteries.]
Instead of celebrating his own heroism or the valour of his troops on this memorable occasion, this excellent prince sung with his whole army the praises of Jehovah, the God of hosts, who disposes of the victory according to his pleasure. This conduct was becoming the descendant and successor of David, the man after God's own heart, and of a religious people, the peculiar inheritance of Jehovah.
afraid <06343> [the fear.]
heard <08085> [they had heard.]
God <0430> [his God.]
Jehoshaphat <03092> [A.M. 3090-3115. B.C. 914-889. Jehoshaphat.]
<03212> [he walked.]
followed ...... footsteps <01870> [the way.]
careful ... do what <05493 06213> [departed not.]
high places <01116> [the high places.]
<03559> [had not.]
rest <03499> [the rest.]
events ............. Annals ........... Scroll <01697 05612> [book. Heb. words. Jehu the son of Hanani.]
[is mentioned. Heb. was made to ascend.]
Jehoshaphat <03092> [A.M. 3108. B.C. 896. did Jehoshaphat.]
did evil <06213 07561> [who did very.]
agreed <02266> [And he joined.]
"At first Jehoshaphat was unwilling, 1 Ki 22:28, 49."
large seagoing merchant ships <08659> [Tarshish.]
"Tarsos in the great sea," says the Targumist, by which is meant a a place in the Mediterranean, called the Great Sea by the Hebrews. See on
[Tharshish. Ezion-gaber.]
Ezion Geber <06100> [Ezion-geber.]
alliance <02266> [Because.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
ships <0591> [And the ships.]
sea <08659> [to Tarshish.]
Jehoshaphat <03092> [A.M. 3115. B.C. 889. Jehoshaphat.]
buried <06912> [was buried.]
Jehoram <03088> [Jehoram.]
king <04427> [reigned.]
"Alone."
Israel <03478> [Israel.]
Jehoshaphat was certainly not king of Israel, but of Judah: {Yisra‰l} must therefore be a mistake for {Yehoodah;} which is the reading of thirty-eight of Dr. Kennicott's and De Rossi's MSS., and of the Syriac, Arabic, Septuagint, and Vulgate.
gave ... many .................. gave <05414 07227> [gave them.]
kingdom <04467> [the kingdom.]
He associated him with himself in the kingdom about three years before his death, and in the fifth year of Joram king of Israel; so that Jehoram reigned three years with his father, and five years alone, in all eight years.
Jehoram <03088> [Jehoram.]
"Jehoram made partner of the kingdom with his father, 1 Ki 8:16."
killed .... brothers <02026 0251> [slew all.]
Jehoram <03088> [A.M. 3112-3119. B.C. 892-885. Jehoram.]
"In consort, 2 Ki 8:17."
footsteps <01870> [in the way.]
daughter <01323> [he had.]
Lord <03068> [Howbeit.]
promise <01285> [because.]
<0559> [as he promised.]
dynasty <05216> [light. Heb. lamp, or candle.]
Edom <0123> [A.M. 3115. B.C. 889. the Edomites.]
control <03027> [dominion. Heb. hand. and made.]
Libnah <03841> [Libnah.]
rejected <05800> [because.]
built <06213> [Moreover.]
residents <03427> [caused.]
unfaithful <02181> [fornication.]
unfaithful <05080> [compelled.]
letter <04385> [A.M. 3116. B.C. 888. a writing.]
"Which was writ before his assumption."
Elijah ... prophet <05030 0452> [Elijah the prophet.]
If the account of the translation of Elijah be given in the order in which it happened, then it occurred in the reign of Jehoshaphat, the father of Jehoram. Hence, it is probable that he wrote it before his assumption, and left it to be delivered by Elisha or one of the prophets.
footsteps ..... Jehoshaphat <01870 03092> [in the ways of Jehoshaphat.]
footsteps ......... Asa <01870 0609> [in the ways of Asa.]
footsteps <01870> [in the way.]
unfaithful <02181> [a whoring.]
killed <02026> [hast slain.]
severely <04046> [plague. Heb. stroke.]
people <05971> [thy people.]
Many of the people had concurred in Jehoram's idolatry, and some of them must have been instruments in his base, unnatural murders; they were therefore joined in his punishment, and he suffered by the loss of his subjects.
sons <01121> [thy children.]
disease <04245> [by disease.]
This is supposed to have been a violent dysentery, a disease which is often attended with symptoms similar to those described in the text; by the same death perished Antiochus Ephiphenes, and Herod Agrippa.
intestinal ....... intestines ... come out <04578 03318> [thy bowels fall.]
chronic <02483> [the sickness.]
Lord <03068> [A.M. 3117. B.C. 887. the Lord.]
Philistines <06430> [Philistines.]
carried off <07617> [carried away. Heb. carried captive.]
sons ... wives ..... sons ........ Ahaziah <01121 0802> [his sons also.]
Ahaziah <03059> [Jehoahaz.]
[Ahaziah.]
[Azariah.]
After ...... Lord <0310 03068> [A.M. 3117-3119. B.C. 887-885. And after all.]
"His son Ahaziah Prorex, soon after."
incurable ... disease <02483 0369> [an incurable disease.]
make ... bonfire <06213 08316> [made no.]
thirty-two <07970 08147> [A.M. 3119. B.C. 885. Thirty and two.]
regretted <02532> [without being desired. Heb. without desire.]
That is, without being regretted: no one wished him to live any longer. He was hated while he lived, and neglected when he died.
residents <03427> [the inhabitants.]
Ahaziah ........................ Ahaziah <0274> [Ahaziah.]
[Azariah.]
[Jehoahaz.]
killed <02026> [slain.]
twenty-two <0705 08147> [A.M. 3119, 3120. B.C. 885, 884. Forty and two.]
In the parallel passage, (on which see the Note) he is said to be only twenty-two; and this is doubtless the true reading, as it is supported here by several MSS. and Versions.
Athaliah <06271> [Athaliah.]
mother <0517> [his mother.]
advice <03289> [his counsellor.]
advice <03289> [they were his.]
followed ..... joined <01980> [He walked.]
Joram <03212 03088> [went with.]
Ramoth <07433> [Ramoth-gilead.]
returned <07725> [And he returned.]
received ...... Ramah <05221 07414> [which were given him. Heb. wherewith they wounded him.]
Azariah. Ahaziah, ['chzyhw, <\\See definition 0274\\>,] and Jehoahaz, [yhw'chz <\\See definition 03059\\>,] are essentially the same both in letters and sense, the word [yhw,] {yeho,} or [yh, <\\See definition 03050\\>,] {yah,} being merely transposed: but Azariah, [`zryhw, <\\See definition 05838\\>,] seems to have been a distinct name by which he was known.
[Ahaziah.]
[Jehoahaz. to see Jehoram.]
downfall <08395> [destruction. Heb. treading down.]
God <0430> [was of God.]
out <03318> [he went out.]
Lord ... commissioned <03068 04886> [the Lord had.]
Jehu <03058> [when Jehu.]
looked ... Ahaziah .............................................. Ahaziah's <0274 01245> [he sought Ahaziah.]
The account in the parallel passage is somewhat different. "The current of the story at large is this," says Dr. Lightfoot: "Jehu slayeth Joram in the field of Jezreel, as Ahaziah and Joram were together: Ahaziah seeing this, flies, and gets into Samaria, and hides himself there. Jehu marches to Jezreel, and makes Jezebel dogs' meat: from thence sends to Samaria for the heads of Ahab's children and posterity; which are brought him by night, and shewed to the people in the morning. Then he marches to Samaria, and, by the way, slayeth forty-two of Ahab's kinsmen, and findeth Jehonadab, the father of the Rechabites. Coming into Samaria, he maketh search for Ahaziah: they find him hid, bring him to Jehu, and he commands to carry him towards Gur, by Ibleam, and there to slay him. They do so: smite him in his chariot, and his charioteer driveth away to Megiddo before he dies." "2 Ki 9:27, at Megiddo, in the kingdom of Samaria."
Samaria <08111> [in Samaria.]
reasoned <0559> [Because.]
son ... Jehoshaphat <03092 01121> [the son of Jehoshaphat.]
family <01004> [the house.]
Athaliah <06271> [Athaliah.]
Jehoshabeath ........................................... Jehoshabeath <03090> [Jehoshabeath.]
room <02315> [bedchamber.]
Jehoiada <03077> [Jehoiada.]
executed ......................................... execute <04191> [she slew him not.]
hiding .... temple <01004 02244> [A.M. 3120-3126. B.C. 884-878. hid in the house.]
Athaliah <06271> [Athaliah.]
seventh year <08141 07637> [seventh year.]
pact <01285> [covenant with him.]
throughout <05437> [went about.]
family leaders <07218 01> [the chief of.]
Houbigant omits the words of Israel. Bp. Patrick, however, is of the opinion that Judah is here called by the general name of Israel: but it is probable, that these "chief fathers of Israel," were the descendants of those priests and Levites, and other pious persons of the ten tribes, who left their cities and possessions, and joined themselves to Judah, in the days of Jeroboam. See the parallel passages.
made ... covenant <03772 01285> [made a covenant.]
<03068> [as the Lord.]
on duty <0935> [entering.]
guard <07778> [porters.]
doors <05592> [doors. Heb. thresholds.]
royal palace ..................... temple <01004 04428> [the king's house.]
Gate <08179> [the gate.]
duty <08334> [they that minister.]
Levites <03881> [the Levites.]
enter .............. goes <0935> [whosoever.]
Levites <03881> [the Levites.]
divisions <04256> [the courses.]
spears <02595> [spears.]
temple <01004> [which were in the house.]
When the soldier retired from the tumults of war to the bosom of his family, he frequently hung up his arms in the temple, as a grateful acknowledgment of the protection he had received, and of the victories he had won. It is highly probable, therefore, that the arms of David which Jehoiada delivered to the captains of hundreds, "which were in the house of God," were laid up in the tabernacle by David when he resigned the command of his armies to his generals; and there is reason to believe that his conduct, in this respect, was followed by many of his companions in arms.
side .... temple ..... side ......... temple <03802 01004> [side of the temple. Heb. shoulder of the house.]
altar <04196> [along by.]
out <03318> [They brought.]
placed ..... crown <05414 05145> [put upon.]
insignia <05715> [the testimony.]
poured ........ declared <04886 0559> [anointed him.]
king's ........................... live ... king <02421 04428> [God save the king. Heb. Let the king live.]
Athaliah <06271> [Now when.]
joined <0935> [she came.]
saw <07200> [she looked.]
king ................ king <04428> [the king.]
officers <08269> [and the princes.]
people <05971> [all the people.]
blowing <08628> [sounded.]
musicians <07891> [the singers.]
Athaliah <06271> [Then Athaliah.]
Treason Treason <07195> [Treason. Heb. Conspiracy.]
Bring ... outside <03318> [Have her forth.]
The Vulgate has here, and in the parallel place, {Educite illam extra septa templi,} "Take her out beyond the precincts of the temple." These were walls erected in parallel lines, and forming an extensive range of buildings around the sacred edifice.
Put ...................... executed <0935 04191> [whoso followeth her.]
He who takes her part let him be instantly slain.
temple ..... Put ...................... executed ..... temple <04191 01004> [Slay her not.]
horses entrance <08179 05483> [the horse gate.]
This gate was in the eastern wall of the city, towards the brook Kidron, (Jer 31:40,) at which the king's horses probably went out from the stables at Millo. It was near the temple; and some Rabbins suppose that, in order to go to the temple, a person might go on horseback to this place, but was then obliged to alight.
executed <04191> [they slew her there.]
drew up ... covenant <03772 01285> [made a covenant.]
Lord <03068> [that they should.]
temple ... Baal .............. Baal <01168 01004> [the house of Baal.]
smashed ... altars ............... altars <04196 07665> [brake his altars.]
killed Mattan <04977 02026> [slew Mattan.]
David ................................ David <01732> [whom David.]
<03789> [as it is written.]
David .............................. edict ... David <01732 03027> [by David. Heb. by the hands of David.]
guards <07778> [porters.]
officers <08269> [the captains.]
Joash <03101> [A.M. 3126-3165. B.C. 878-839. Joash.]
Joash, [Y“wƒsh <\\See definition 03101\\,] or [Y“ƒsh <\\See definition 03101\\>,] is merely an abbreviation of Jehoash, [Yeh“w'ƒsh <\\See definition 03060\\>,] by the elision of [Hˆ,] {hay,} and here also of [Vƒv,] {wav.}
[Jehoash.]
seven years old ........... years <08141 01121 07651> [seven years old.]
As Joash was hidden six years in the temple, and was but seven when he came to the throne, he could have been but one year old when secreted by his aunt.
[A.M. 3126-3162. B.C. 878-842.]
Joash <03101> [Joash.]
lifetime ... Jehoiada <03117 03077> [all the days of Jehoiada.]
chose two <05375 08147> [took for him.]
Not for himself, as the Jewish expositors suppose, but for Joash; for Jehoiada's advanced age renders it highly improbable that he should take them for himself. He was born in the reign of Solomon, and lived through six successive reigns; and must, on any computation, have been upwards of 100 years old when Joash began to reign.
two wives <0802 08147> [two wives.]
repair <02318> [A.M. 3148. B.C. 856. repair. Heb. renew.]
assembled ................. collect ......... Israel <03478 06908> [gather of all Israel.]
Levites .................................... Levites <03881> [Howbeit.]
made <01875> [Why hast thou.]
tax <04864> [the collection.]
This was the poll-tax fixed by Moses, of half a shekel, which was levied on every man of twenty years old and upwards, as "a ransom for their souls, that there might be no plague among them."
tent <0168> [tabernacle.]
Athaliah .... sons <06271 01121> [the sons of Athaliah.]
As Jehoram's sons, Ahaziah excepted, whether by Athaliah or any other, were all slain before his death (ch. 22:1), this spoilation of the temple must have taken place in his life-time.
Wicked <04849> [that wicked.]
holy <06944> [the dedicated.]
worship <06213> [did they bestow.]
king <04428> [at the king's.]
edict <06963> [proclamation. Heb. voice. collection.]
gladly <08055> [rejoiced.]
<06256> [at what time.]
royal ............. royal scribe <04428 05608> [the king's scribe.]
It was necessary to associate with the high priest some civil authority and activity, in order to get the neglected work performed.
went through <06213> [Thus they did.]
gave ....... assigned <05414 06213> [gave it to such.]
carpenters <02672> [masons.]
worked ...... repairs <05927 0724 03027 04399> [the work was perfected by them. Heb. the healing went up upon the work by their hand.]
restored <05975> [they set, etc.]
That is, "they restored it to its former proper state."
measurements specified <04971> [in his state.]
items ....... items ............. various other <03627> [vessels of the house.]
items ....... items ...... service ........ various other <03627 08335> [vessels to minister.]
pans <05927 03709> [to offer withal. or, pestils.]
<05927> [And they offered.]
It appears from this, that the daily morning and evening sacrifices had been previously intermitted; and that they were again neglected after the death of Jehoiada.
lifetime <03117> [all the days.]
grew <07646 03117> [A.M. 3162. B.C. 842. and was full of days.]
{WyyisbÆ’ yammim,} "satiated with days;" which seems to be a metaphor taken from a guest regaled by a plentiful banquet, used to express the termination of life without reluctance.
130 <03967> [an hundred.]
City <05892> [in the city.]
accomplished <06213> [because.]
After <0310> [A.M. 3162-3165. B.C. 842-839. Now after.]
officials ... Judah <08269 03063> [the princes of Judah.]
king ......... king <04428> [Then the king.]
abandoned <05800> [And they left.]
angry <07110> [wrath.]
sent <07971> [Yet he sent.]
attention <0238> [but they would.]
Spirit <07307> [And the Spirit.]
energized Zechariah <03847 02148> [came upon. Heb. clothed.]
son <01121> [the son.]
violating <05674> [transgress.]
rejected ...... rejected <05800> [because.]
plotted <07194> [conspired.]
stoned <07275 068> [stoned him.]
disregarded <02142> [remembered.]
killed ... son <01121 02026> [but slew his son.]
Lord <03068> [The Lord.]
These words were prophetic, and not imprecatory; and should be rendered as Houbigant proposes, in the future tense: "The Lord will look upon it, and avenge it." The event soon verified this prediction; for, before the year was expired, the Syrians came up against Jerusalem, and destroyed all the princes of the people, and Joash himself was slain in his bed by his own servants. Many circumstances served to aggravate this barbarous act. Zechariah was a high-priest and a prophet, upright and unblameable in the discharge of his high offices; this murder was perpetrated within the very precincts of the courts of the Lord; and this truly good man was by blood the nearest relative of Joash, and the son of the man who had save him from being murdered, and raised him to the throne!
seek <01875> [and require it.]
beginning <08622> [A.M. 3165. B.C. 839. at the end. Heb. in the revolution.]
<02428> [the host.]
leaders <08269> [princes.]
Damascus <01834> [Damascus. Heb. Darmesek.]
invading <0935> [came.]
handed over <05414> [delivered.]
gave <06213> [So.]
wounded <04251 07227> [great diseases.]
servants <05650> [his own servants.]
<01818> [for the blood.]
son ... Jehoiada <03077 01121> [the sons of Jehoiada.]
Houbigant reads, "the sons of Jehoiada;" but perhaps Joash slew some other sons of Jehoiada.
tombs <06913> [not.]
Zabad <02066> [Zabad. or, Jozachar.]
Shimrith <08116> [Shimrith. or, Shomer.]
prophetic oracles <04853> [burdens.]
building project <03247> [repairing. Heb. founding.]
record of <04097> [story. or, commentary.]
Amaziah <0558> [Amaziah.]
twenty-five ............. twenty-nine <02568 06242> [twenty and five.]
wholehearted <08003> [but not.]
kingdom <04467> [A.M. 3166. B.C. 838. Now it came.]
secured ....... executed <02388 02026> [established to him. Heb. confirmed upon him. he slew.]
No doubt those wicked men, Jozachar and Jehozabad, who murdered his father, had considerable influence; and therefore he found it dangerous to bring them to justice, till he was assured of the loyalty of his other officers: when this was clear, he called them to an account, and justly put them to death for treason and murder; for, if even these conspirators against Joash intended to avenge upon him the death of Zechariah, they acted without a commission from that God "to whom vengeance belongeth."
recorded <03789> [as it is written.]
commanders ...... thousand .... commanders ........................ 300,000 <0505 08269> [A.M. 3177. B.C. 827. captains over thousands.]
twenty <06242> [from twenty.]
300,000 <07969> [three.]
100,000 ...... hundred talents ... silver <03603 03701 03967> [an hundred talents of silver.]
Estimating the shekel at 2s. 6d., and the talent, being 3,000 shekels, (see Ex 38:25, 26,) at 375Å“., one hundred talents would amount to 37,500Å“.; which, divided among 100,000 men, quotes only 7s. 6d.; hence we may suppose, that this was only an earnest of their pay, or that they expected to be enriched by the plunder of the Edomites.
prophet <0376 0430> [a man of God.]
<03068> [for the Lord.]
bravely <02388> [be strong.]
God ........ God is capable <0430 03426 03581> [God hath power.]
[army. Heb. band.]
[The Lord.]
Amaziah <0558> [Amaziah.]
home .......... home <04725> [home. Heb. to their place. great anger. Heb. heat of anger.]
Valley <01516> [valley.]
10,000 <06235 0505> [And other ten thousand.]
No intimation is given on what account, or on what provocation, this most cruel conduct towards the prisoners of war was adopted. The enmity between Israel and Edom seems to have been reciprocal and deeply malignant. The victorious king and his army considered every individual of Edom as a traitor and rebel; and so adjudged them to death, and acted on this judgment. But their conduct was wholly inexcusable, and could only perpetuate rancour to future generations, and provoke the surviving Edomites to cruel retaliations, whenever they had it in their power.
threw <07993> [cast them.]
fell to ... death <01234> [broken in pieces.]
troops <01416 01121> [soldiers of the army. Heb. sons of the band.]
raided ... cities <06584 05892> [fell upon the cities.]
These Israelites seem to have returned home, when discharged by Amaziah, whose powerful army deterred them from attempting revenge at that time; but when he was engaged in war with the Edomites, they marched from Samaria, and plundered all the cities till they came to Beth-horon, where they slew 3,000 of the inhabitants.
Samaria <08111> [Samaria.]
Beth Horon <01032> [Beth-horon.]
returned ....... brought <0935> [he brought.]
gods ............ gods <0430> [his gods.]
prophet <05030> [a prophet.]
following <01875> [Why hast thou sought.]
gods <0430> [the gods.]
deliver <05337> [which could.]
appoint you <05414> [Art thou made.]
Stop ............ stopped <02308> [forbear.]
Amaziah ............. counselor ...................... decided <03289> [determined. Heb. counselled.]
Amaziah <0558> [A.M. 3178. B.C. 826. Amaziah.]
battlefield <07200> [let us see.]
thorn .................................. thorn <02336> [thistle. or, furze-bush, or thorn.]
wild animal <07704 02416> [a wild beast. Heb. a beast of the field.]
head <03820> [heart.]
success <03513> [to boast.]
bring <01624> [why shouldest.]
God ............. gods <0430> [it came of God.]
followed <01875> [sought.]
battlefield <07200> [they saw one another.]
That is, "they fought against each other." To face an enemy, or to face one another, is still a common expression. The reason of this war was evidently the injury the army of Joash had done to the unoffending inhabitants of Judah. The ravages committed by them were totally unprovoked, base, and cowardly: they fell upon women, old men, and children, and butchered them in cold blood, when all the effective men were gone with their king against the Edomites. The quarrel of Amaziah were certainly just, yet he was put to the rout: he fell, and Judah with him, as Joash had said; and the reason was, because "it came of God, that he might deliver them into the hands of their enemies, because they sought after the gods of Edom." This was the reason why the Israelites triumphed.
Beth Shemesh <01053> [Beth-shemesh.]
defeated <05062> [put to the worse. Heb. smitten.]
ran <05127> [fled.]
captured ... Amaziah <08610 0558> [took Amaziah.]
Jehoahaz <03059> [Jehoahaz.]
[Ahaziah.]
[Azariah. gate of Ephraim.]
Gate ...... Corner Gate ... distance <08179 06437> [corner gate. Heb. the gate of it that looketh.]
gold <02091> [all the gold.]
hostages ..... back <01121 07725> [the hostages also.]
It is probable that these hostages were given in order that Amaziah might regain his liberty.
Joash ............. Joash <03101> [A.M. 3179-3194. B.C. 825-810. Joash.]
[Jehoash.]
rest .... events <01697 03499> [rest of the acts.]
time <06256> [A.M. 3194. B.C. 810. after the time.]
following ................... after <0310> [following. Heb. after. made. Heb. conspired.]
Lachish ....... him <03923> [Lachish.]
City <03063 05892> [the city of Judah. that is, the city of David, as it is.]
people <05971> [all the.]
Uzziah <05818> [Uzziah.]
[Azariah.]
[Ozias.]
Elat <0359> [Eloth.]
[Elath. restored.]
Uzziah <05818> [A.M. 3194-3246. B.C. 810-758. Uzziah.]
Jecholiah <03203> [Jecoliah.]
[Jecholiah.]
father <01> [according to all.]
followed God ............. God ...... followed .... God <0430 01875> [he sought God.]
who taught him <0995> [had.]
taught <07200> [visions. Heb. seeing. and as long.]
attacked ... Philistines ...................... Philistine <03898 06430> [warred against.]
walls ... Gath <02346 01661> [the wall of Gath.]
Jabneh <02996> [Jabneh.]
Jabneh, or Jamnia, was given to the tribe of Dan; and was situated between Lydda and Azotus. It is now called Yebna, and is described as "a village about twelve miles distant from Jaffa, (Joppa,) in a fine open plain, surrounded by hills, and covered by herbage. On sloping hills of easy ascent, by which the plains were bordered, Yebna, Ekron, Ashdod, and Askalon were in sight."
Ashdod ......... Ashdod <0795> [about. or, in the country of.]
God helped <05826 0430> [God helped.]
Arabs <06163> [the Arabians.]
Ammonites <05984> [the Ammonites.]
fame <08034> [his name.]
<03212> [spread. Heb. went.]
Corner Gate <08179 06438> [the corner gate.]
Gate Valley <08179 01516> [the valley gate.]
Angle <04740> [the turning.]
<02388> [fortified. or, repaired.]
dug many cisterns ..... many <07227 0953 02672> [digged many wells. or, cut out many cisterns.]
many ...... many <07227> [he had much.]
Carmel <03760> [Carmel. or, fruitful fields.]
agriculture <0127> [husbandry. Heb.ground.]
organized <03318> [went out.]
warriors <02428> [an army. Heb. the power of an army. three hundred.]
slingstones <07050> [slings to cast stone. Heb. stones of slings.]
carefully <02803> [cunning men.]
shoot <03384 02671> [to shoot arrows.]
These engines, it is probable, bore some resemblance to the {balist‘} and {catapult‘} of the Romans, which were employed for throwing stones and arrows, and were in reality the mortars and carcasses of antiquity. With respect to the towers which Uzziah built in the wilderness, (ver. 10,) Mr. Harmer appears to have given a truer view of the subject than commentators in general have done, who suppose that they were conveniences made only for sheltering the shepherds from bad weather, or to defend them from incursions of enemies; for they might rather be designed to keep the nations that pastured there in awe, and also to induce them quietly to pay the tribute to which the 8th verse seems to refer. William of Tyre describes a country not far from the Euphrates as inhabited by Syrian and Armenian Christians, who fed great flocks and herds there, but were kept in subjection to the Turks, in consequence of their living among them in strong places.
<03318 07350> [spread far. Heb. went forth.]
powerful <02393> [when he was.]
entered .... temple <0935 01964> [went into.]
incense <06999> [to burn.]
Azariah <05838> [Azariah.]
brave <01121 02428> [valiant men.]
confronted ... Uzziah ............ Uzziah <05818 05975> [withstood Uzziah.]
Uzziah ............ Uzziah <05818> [not unto thee.]
priests <03548> [to the priests.]
Leave <03318> [go out.]
honor <03519> [neither shall it be.]
angry ..... ranting and raving <02196> [he.]
appeared <02224> [even.]
[hated also.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
Uzziah <05818> [A.M. 3239-3246. B.C. 765-758. Uzziah.]
lived <03427> [dwelt.]
separate <02669> [several. Heb. free.]
start <07223> [first.]
Isaiah <03470> [Isaiah.]
passed away <07901> [A.M. 3246. B.C. 758. slept.]
passed away .... buried .... ancestors <06912 01> [they buried him.]
twenty-five <02568 06242> [A.M. 3246-3262. B.C. 753-742. twenty and five.]
[Joatham.]
did ............ done <06213> [And he did.]
enter ... temple <0935 01964> [he entered not.]
He copied his father's conduct as far as it was pious and constitutional; and avoided his transgression.
people <05971> [the people.]
Upper Gate <08179 05945> [high gate.]
Ophel <06077> [Ophel. or, the tower.]
"The wall," says the Targum, "of the interior palace." {Ophel} appears to have been a tower, or fort, on the city wall, in which we read "the Nehthinim dwelt."
built cities <05892 01129> [he built cities.]
hill country <02022> [the mountains.]
fortresses ... towers <01003 04026> [castles and towers.]
These castles and towers he doubtless built built for the protection of the country people against marauders.
king <05984 04428> [the king of the Ammonites.]
We find here, that he brought the Ammonites under a heavy tribute for three years; but whether this was the effect of his prevailing against them, is not so evident. Some think that they paid this tribute for three years, and then revolted; that, in consequence, he attacked them, and their utter subjection was the result.
10,000 ...... 10,000 <0505 06235> [ten thousand.]
Rather, "ten thousand {cors} (korim) of wheat." The {cor} was same as the {homer,} and contained about 32 pecks 1 pint.
Ammonites ........ Ammonites .................. Ammonites <01121> [So much. Heb. This.]
Jotham <03147> [Jotham.]
determined <03559> [prepared. or, established.]
rest <03499> [Now the rest.]
recorded <03789> [A.M. 3262. B.C. 742. they are written.]
There is not so much found in the book of Kings, which we have now, as here: in both places we have abridged accounts; the larger histories having been lost.
Jotham <03147> [Jotham.]
Ahaz <0271> [A.M. 3262-3278. B.C. 742-726. Ahaz.]
ancestor David <01732 01> [like David his father.]
<03212> [For he walked.]
images <04541> [molten images.]
Baals <01168> [Baalim.]
offered <06999> [burnt incense. or, offered sacrifice. the valley.]
offered <06999 01197> [burnt.]
horrible <08441> [after the abominations.]
God <0430> [his God.]
handed ...................... handed <05414 03027> [delivered him.]
Damascus <01834> [Damascus. Heb. Darmesek.]
Pekah <06492> [Pekah.]
120,000 <03967> [an hundred.]
son ........ warriors <01121 02428> [valiant men. Heb. sons of valour. because.]
king's ............. king's second-in-command <04428 04932> [next to the king. Heb. the second to the king.]
seized <07617> [carried.]
brothers <0251> [brethren.]
went <03318> [he went out.]
Lord ...................... Lord <03068> [Behold.]
To this beautiful speech nothing can be added by the best comment: it is simple, humane, pious, and overwhelmingly convincing; and it is no wonder that it produced the effect here described. That there was much humanity, as well as firmness, in the heads of the children of Ephraim, who joined with the prophet of Jehovah on this occasion, their subsequent conduct, as detailed in the fifteenth verse, sufficiently proves. They did not barely dismiss these most unfortunate captives, but they took that very spoil which their victorious army had taken, and with clothed, shod, fed, and anointed these distressed people, set the feeblest of them upon asses, and escorted them safely to Jericho! We can scarcely find a parallel to this in the universal history of the wars which savage man has carried on against his fellows from the foundation of the world. The compliance also of the whole army, in leaving both the captives and spoil to the disposal of the princes, was really wonderful, and perhaps unparalleled in history. Both the princes and army are worthy to be held up to the admiration and imitation of mankind.
Lord ...................... Lord God <0430 03068> [because the Lord God.]
taken notice <05060> [reacheth.]
enslave <03533> [keep.]
also <07535> [not with.]
Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
Send back <07725> [deliver.]
very <02740> [the fierce.]
leaders <07218> [the heads.]
confronted <06965> [stood up.]
even more sinful <03254 02403> [add more.]
assigned ....... find <08034 05344> [expressed by name.]
clothes ............ clothed <03847> [clothed.]
food <0398> [gave them.]
put <05095> [carried.]
city <05892> [the city.]
King ..... king <04428> [did king.]
King ..... king <04428> [the kings.]
Instead of {malchey,} "kings," the Chaldee, Syriac, Arabic, and Vulgate, one MS., and the parallel place, have {mailech}, "king."
Edomites <0130> [the Edomites.]
captives <07628> [captives. Heb. a captivity.]
Philistines <06430> [Philistines.]
Beth Shemesh <01053> [Beth-shemesh.]
Aijalon <0357> [Ajalon.]
[Aijalon. Gederoth.]
Soco <07755> [Shocho.]
[Socoh. Timnah.]
[Timnath.]
Lord ...................... Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
Ahaz <0271> [because of Ahaz.]
Israel <03478> [Israel.]
Judah .......... encouraged Judah <03063 06544> [made Judah.]
Tiglath-pileser <08407> [A.M. 3264. B.C. 740. Tilgath-pilneser.]
[Tiglath-pileser.]
support <06696 02388> [distressed him.]
riches <02505> [took away.]
time <06256> [in the.]
King <04428> [this is.]
offered sacrifices ........................... sacrifice <02076> [For he sacrificed.]
This passage, says Mr. Hallet, greatly surprised me; for the sacred historian is here represented as saying, "The gods of Damascus had smitten Ahaz." But it is impossible to suppose that an inspired author should say this; for the Scripture every where represents the heathen idols as nothing and vanity, and as incapable of doing either good or hurt. All difficulty is avoided if we follow the old Hebrew copies, from which the Greek translation was made: "And king Ahaz said, I will seek to the gods of Damascus which have smitten me."
Damascus <01834> [Damascus. Heb. Darmesek. Because the gods.]
offered sacrifices ....................... helped ..... sacrifice ....... help <02076 05826> [sacrifice to them.]
stumble <03782> [But they were.]
removed <07112> [cut in pieces.]
shut <05462> [shut up.]
erected <06213> [he made.]
offer <06999> [burn. or, offer.]
rest <03499> [the rest.]
bring <0935> [A.M. 3278. B.C. 726. they brought.]
kings ... Israel <03478 04428> [the kings of Israel.]
Or, "the kings of Judah;" the name Israel being sometimes applied by the writer of this book, in a general way, to Judah. The Hebrews were accustomed to honour the memory of those kings who had reigned well, by depositing their remains in the royal cemetery. On the contrary, those who died under the disapprobation of the people, as a mark of posthumous disgrace, were denied interment with their predecessors, and were buried in some other place in Jerusalem. So it was with Ahaz, who, though brought into the city, was not buried in the sepulchres of the kings of Judah. It was doubtless with a design to make a suitable impression on the minds of their kings while living, that such distinctions were observed. They might thus restrain them from evil, or excite them to good, according as they were fearful of being execrated, or desirous of being honoured, when dead.
<03169> [A.M. 3278-3306. B.C. 726-698. Hezekiah.]
[Ezekias. Zechariah.]
[28:1 34:2 2Ki 18:3]
Of several of Hezekiah's predecessors it had been said that they did that which was right, but not like David, that is, not with David's integrity and zeal.
first ..... first <07223> [A.M. 3278. B.C. 726. He in the first.]
opened <06605> [opened.]
square .... east <07339 04217> [east street.]
consecrate ...... consecrate <06942> [sanctify now.]
consecrate ...... consecrate ... temple <06942 01004> [sanctify the house.]
Remove <03318> [carry forth.]
fathers <01> [For our fathers.]
abandoned .... turned away <05800 05437> [have forsaken him.]
turned away <05437> [turned away.]
rejected <06203 05414> [turned their backs. Heb. given the neck.]
Those, says Matthew Henry, who turn their backs upon God's ordinances, may truly be said to forsake God himself. The lamps were not lighted, and incense was not burnt: there are still such neglects as these, and they are no less culpable, if the Word be not duly read and opened, answering to the lighting of the lamps, and if prayers and praises be not duly offered up, which was signified by the burning of incense.
angry <07110> [Wherefore.]
made <05414> [he hath delivered.]
It is probable Hezekiah refers to that dreadful defeat by the Israelites, in which one hundred and twenty thousand were slain, and two hundred thousand taken prisoners: see ch. 28:6-8.
<02189> [trouble. Heb. commotion.]
horror <08047> [to astonishment.]
fathers <01> [our fathers.]
intend <03824> [Now it is.]
make ... covenant <03772 01285> [to make a covenant.]
To renew that covenant under which the whole people were constantly considered, and of which circumcision was the sign, and the spirit of which was, "I will be your God, ye shall be my people."
raging <02740> [that his fierce.]
negligent <07952> [negligent. or, deceived.]
<03068> [the Lord]
offer <06999> [burn incense. or, offer sacrifice.]
Kohathites <06956> [Kohathites.]
son ...... son ........ son ...... son ........ son ...... son <01121> [of the sons.]
son ...... son ........ son ...... son ........ son ...... son <01121> [of the sons.]
Gershonites <01649> [of the Gershonites.]
Elizaphan <0469> [Elizaphan.]
[Elzaphan.]
Asaph <0623> [Asaph.]
Heman <01968> [Heman.]
Jeduthun <03038> [Jeduthun.]
consecrated ..... went <06942 0935> [sanctified themselves.]
Lord's ............. word .... Lord <01697 03068> [by the words of the Lord. or, in the business of the Lord.]
purify <02891> [to cleanse.]
priests <03548> [the priests.]
The priests and Levites cleansed first the courts both of the priests and of the people. On this labour they spent eight days. Then they cleansed the interior of the temple; but, as the Levites had no right to enter the temple, the priests carried all the dirt and rubbish to the porch, whence they were collected by the Levites, carried away, and cast into the brook Kidron: in this work, eight more days were occupied; and thus the temple was purified in sixteen days.
entered <06441> [the inner part.]
ceremonially unclean thing <02932> [all the uncleanness.]
Kidron <06939> [Kidron.]
[Cedron.]
porch <0197> [the porch.]
sixteenth <08337> [the sixteenth.]
altar <04196> [the altar.]
Bread of the Presence <04635> [the shewbread.]
items <03627> [all the vessels.]
<02186> [did cast away.]
Or, as the LXX., Vulgate, and Targum read, "did pollute," {hizneeach,} he rendered them so abominable that they were rejected with abhorrence.
Early <07925> [rose.]
brought <0935> [they brought.]
The law only required one bullock for the sins of the high priest, another for the sins of the people, and one he-goat for the sins of the prince: but Hezekiah offered many more, and the reason appears sufficiently evident: the law only speaks of the sins of ignorance, but here there were sins of every dye, idolatry, apostasy from the Divine worship, profanation of the temple, etc., etc. The sin offerings, we are informed, were offered, first, for the Kingdom, for the transgressions of the king and his family; secondly, for the sanctuary, which had been defiled and polluted; and for the priests, who had been profane, negligent, and unholy; and finally, for Judah, for the whole mass of the people, who had been led away into every kind of abomination by the above examples.
seven ... seven ... seven .... seven <07651> [seven.]
sin offering <02403> [a sin offering.]
splashed ............ splashed ............. splashed <02236> [sprinkled.]
Finally <05066> [forth. Heb. near. they laid.]
offered ...... sin <02398> [reconciliation.]
atonement <03722> [to make.]
sin offering <02403> [the sin offering.]
stationed <05975> [And he set.]
ordered ........ orders <04687> [according.]
Gad <01410> [Gad.]
Nathan <05416> [Nathan.]
ordered ........ orders <04687> [for so was.]
Lord's .................. prophet ..... Lord ....... through ... prophets <03068 03027 05030> [of the Lord by his prophets. Heb. by the hand of the Lord, by the hand of his prophets.]
instruments <03627> [the instruments.]
priests <03548> [the priests.]
<06256> [when. Heb. in the time. the song.]
instruments <03627> [the instruments. Heb. hands of instruments.]
assembly <06951> [And all the congregation.]
singers sang <07891 07892> [the singers sang. Heb. song.]
were <04672> [present. Heb. found. bowed themselves.]
psalms <01697> [with the words.]
praise ................. praise <01984> [they sang.]
consecrated ..... Lord ........... Lord's <04390 03068> [consecrated yourselves. or, filled your hand.]
sacrifices ............. sacrifices <02077> [sacrifices.]
thank offerings ............ thank offerings <08426> [thank.]
<05081> [and as many, etc.]
As the burnt offerings were wholly consumed on the altar, the offering of them evinced greater zeal and liberality than the oblation of peace offerings, the greater part of which was eaten by the officer and his friends.
total <04557> [the number.]
Comparing the sacrifices offered on this occasion with those of Solomon at the dedication of the temple, we may form some idea of the decrease of the prosperity and riches of Judah, or of the decline of the general spirit of piety.
<06944> [the consecrated.]
It is probable that the consecrated things denote the peace offerings and thank offerings.
priests ..................... priests ................ priests <03548> [the priests.]
Peace offerings, and such like, the Levites might flay and dress; but the whole burnt offerings could only be touched by the priests, except in a case of necessity, such as the present.
brothers <0251> [their brethren.]
helped ..... work <02388 04399> [did help them. Heb. strengthened them. for the Levites.]
conscientious <03477> [upright.]
burnt sacrifices ................ burnt sacrifices <05930> [the burnt.]
fat <02459> [the fat.]
drink offerings <05262> [the drink.]
service <05656> [so the.]
happy <08055 03169> [Hezekiah rejoiced.]
Both Hezekiah and the people rejoiced, that God had prepared the hearts of the people to bring about so great and glorious a reformation in so short a time. This good king's example and influence were here, as in many other cases, under God, the grand spring of all those mighty movements.
God <0430> [God.]
<01697> [the thing.]
Israel ................................ Israel <03478> [Israel.]
Ephraim <0669> [Ephraim.]
temple <01004> [to the house.]
observe <06213> [to keep.]
king <04428> [the king.]
second month <08145 02320> [in the second month.]
In Ijar, as they could not celebrate in Nisan, the 14th of which month was the proper time. But Hezekiah and his counsellors justly concluded, that the regulation of the 14th day of the second month, which had been made for individuals who were hindered from eating the passover at the appointed season, might in their present circumstances be extended to the people at large.
time <06256> [at that time.]
priests <03548> [because.]
proposal ...... king <03474 04428> [pleased the king. Heb. was right in the eyes of the king.]
sent <05975> [established.]
edict <05674> [to make proclamation.]
Beer Sheba <0884> [from Beer-sheba.]
observe ................ observed <06213> [for they.]
Messengers <03212 07323> [the posts went.]
{Ratzim,} "runners," or couriers, of the same kind as the running footmen, who were formerly, before the establishment of posts, and still are in some places, trained, and kept on purpose to convey dispatches speedily by running.
king .......... royal ............................ kings <04428> [the king. Heb. the hand of the king. turn again.]
return .............. return <07725> [and he will.]
who have been spared <06413> [escaped.]
fathers ... brothers ........... ancestors <01 0251> [like.]
see <07200> [as.]
stubborn <07185> [be ye not stiffnecked. Heb. harden not your necks.]
Submit <03027 05414> [yield yourselves. Heb. give the hand.]
come .... sanctuary <0935 04720> [enter into.]
consecrated <06942> [which he hath.]
Serve <05647> [serve.]
raging <02740> [the fierceness.]
return ................. return .................... return <07725> [if ye turn.]
return ................. return .................... return <07725> [so that they shall.]
Lord ................... Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
reject <05493> [will not.]
reject <05493> [turn away.]
messengers journeyed <07323> [the posts.]
<07832> [they laughed.]
men ... Asher <0836 0582> [divers of Asher.]
It has been said, that Hezekiah had no right to invite Hoshea's subjects to repair to Jerusalem to his passover; but it may be presumed, that he was encouraged to do this by Hoshea himself, who was one of their best kings; besides which, both the golden calves having been taken away by the Assyrians, the apostate Israelites, being thus deprived of idols, had begun to return to the Lord, and to go up to Jerusalem to worship, some time before Hezekiah gave them this invitation.
humbled .... came <03665 0935> [humbled themselves.]
God <03027 0430> [the hand of God.]
edict <04687> [the commandment.]
command <01697> [by the word.]
assembled <0622> [there assembled.]
second month <02320 08145> [the second month.]
altars ......... incense <04196 06999> [altars.]
Valley <05158> [the brook.]
[Cedron.]
ashamed <03637> [were ashamed.]
consecrated <06942> [and sanctified.]
stood <05975> [they stood.]
posts <05977> [place. Heb. standing. after their manner.]
Moses <04872> [Moses.]
priests <03548> [the priests.]
Levites <03881> [the Levites.]
slaughtered <07821> [the killing.]
many .... Ephraim <0669 07227> [many of Ephraim.]
ceremonially <03808 02891> [had not cleansed.]
Passover <06453> [the passover.]
prayed <06419> [prayed.]
good <02896> [The good.]
determined <03559> [prepareth.]
ceremonially clean according to the standards <02893> [though he be not.]
forgave <07495> [healed.]
observed <04672> [present. Heb. found. the feast.]
great joy <08057 01419> [great gladness.]
priests <03548> [the priests.]
might <03627 05797> [loud instruments. Heb. instruments of strength.]
appreciation ..... Levites <03820 03881> [comfortably unto all. Heb. to the heart of all.]
demonstrated <07919> [taught.]
great <02896> [the good.]
giving thanks <03034> [and making.]
decided <03289> [took counsel.]
celebrate ...... so .... celebrated <06213> [to keep.]
They did not observe other seven days of unleavened bread, but offered sacrifices with praise and thanksgiving, and feasting, other seven days; and, as the people in general, and especially those who came out of the kingdom of Israel, would be unprepared for this additional expense, both Hezekiah and his princes liberally supplied them with cattle for sacrifices.
supplied ............. supplied <07311> [did give. Heb. lifted up, or offered.]
Many <07230> [a great.]
resident foreigners <01616> [the strangers.]
celebration <08055> [rejoiced.]
time <03117> [since the time.]
priests <03548> [the priests.]
prayers <08605> [their prayer.]
holy dwelling place <04583 06944> [his holy dwelling place. Heb. the habitation of his holiness.]
When <03615> [Now when.]
Israelites ...................................... Israelites <03478> [all Israel.]
were <04672> [present. Heb. found.]
smashed <07665> [brake.]
sacred pillars <04676> [images. Heb. statues.]
Ephraim <0669> [in Ephraim.]
When <03615> [until, etc. Heb. until to make an end.]
divisions <04256> [the courses.]
give thanks <03034> [to give thanks.]
gates ..... sanctuary <08179 04264 03068> [in the gates of the tents of the Lord.]
{Besh„ƒrey machanoth Yehowah,} "within the gates of the camps of Jehovah;" which comprehended the whole of the buildings that surrounded the temple, in which the priests and Levites were stationed, and which resembled military encampments.
king <04428> [the king's.]
morning <01242> [for the morning.]
burnt sacrifices ....... burnt sacrifices .... burnt sacrifices <05930> [the burnt.]
new moon <02320> [for the new moons.]
festivals <04150> [the set feasts.]
portion prescribed <04521> [the portion.]
be obedient <02388> [that they might.]
law <08451> [the law.]
edict <01697> [as soon.]
issued <06555> [came abroad. Heb. brake forth. the first fruits.]
honey <01706> [honey. or, dates.]
The word {devash} generally denotes the honey produced by bees; but as we have already observed (on Ge 43:11,) the Jewish doctors are of opinion that it here signifies dates, of the fruit of the palm tree; which the Arabians call {daboos,} and the honey produced from them, {dibs.} "This liquor," says Dr. Shaw, "which has a more luscious sweetness than honey, is of the consistence of a thin syrup, but quickly grows tart and ropy, acquiring an intoxicating quality, and giving by distillation an agreeable spirit, or arÆ’ky, according to the general name of these people for all hot liquors, extracted by the alembic." Though Jehovah forbad any {devash,} or honey, to offered to him upon the altar, yet it appears it might be presented as first-fruits, or in the way of tithes, which were designed for the sustenance of the priests.
Israelites <01121> [the children.]
tenth ........... tenth <04643> [the tithe.]
many heaps <06194> [by heaps. Heb. heaps, heaps.]
praised <01288> [blessed.]
people <05971> [and his people.]
Azariah <05838> [Azariah.]
began <02490> [Since.]
plenty <07646> [we have had.]
Lord's .................. Lord <03068> [the Lord.]
storerooms <03957> [chambers. or, store-houses.]
consecrated items <06944> [the dedicated.]
Konaniah <03562> [over which.]
worked under <03027> [under. Heb. at. at the commandment.]
Azariah <05838> [Azariah.]
guard <07778> [the porter.]
voluntary offerings <05071> [the free-will.]
disbursed <05414> [to distribute.]
items <06944> [the most.]
Eden <05731> [next him. Heb. at his hand.]
Miniamin <04509> [Miniamin.]
Instead of {Miniamin,} Benjamin is the reading of three MSS., and of the Syriac, Arabic, LXX., and Vulgate.
cities <05892> [the cities.]
faithfully <0530> [set office. or, trust.]
regardless ... age <01419> [as well.]
daily <03117> [his daily.]
<03187> [genealogy.]
twenty <06242> [twenty.]
divisions <04256> [by their courses.]
faithfully <0530> [set office. or, trust.]
consecrated <06942> [they sanctified.]
outskirts <07704> [the fields.]
<0582> [the men.]
what ... did ..... did <06213> [wrought.]
law <08451> [in the law.]
wholeheartedly ... successfully <06213 03824> [he did it.]
successfully reinstituted <06743> [prospered.]
